Stanislav Libenský and Jaroslava Brychtová

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Stanislav Libenský
Stanislav Libenský in 1999
Born(1921-03-27)27 March 1921
Sezemice, Czechoslovakia
Died24 February 2002(2002-02-24) (aged 80)
Železný Brod, Czech Republic
NationalityCzech
Occupation(s)Artist, educator
Known forartistic collaboration with Jaroslava Brychtová
Jaroslava Brychtová
Jaroslava Brychtová in 2005
Born(1924-07-18)18 July 1924
Železný Brod, Czechoslovakia
Died8 April 2020(2020-04-08) (aged 95)
Jablonec nad Nisou, Czech Republic
NationalityCzech
OccupationArtist
Known forartistic collaboration with Stanislav Libenský

Stanislav Libenský (27 March 1921 – 24 February 2002) and Jaroslava Brychtová (18 July 1924 – 8 April 2020) were Czech

Victoria & Albert Museum
.

Jaroslava Brychtová, a sculptor, and Stanislav Libenský, originally a painter and later a glass artist, met in 1954. They married in 1963 and worked together until Libenský's death. Libenský painted and sketched the designs, and Brychtová made clay sculptures from his designs. Since Libenský's death, Brychtová continued to produce castings. Their work is characterised by simple block shapes infused with subtle colours and nuances.

Education and artistic partnership

Stanislav Libenský began his study of glass in 1937 at the Specialized School of Glassmaking in Nový Bor, Czechoslovakia, a region encompassing the Czech-German border called the Sudetenland. When the German army occupied the Sudetenland in 1938, Libenský moved first to the school at Železný Brod, and later to Prague Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design (VŠUP), from which he graduated in 1944. His first notable series in glass, created in Nový Bor between 1945 and 1948, were thin crystal vessels, delicately etched and enameled with themes from the Bible and Renaissance art.[1]

In 1948 Libenský returned to VŠUP, where he studied under Josef Kaplický, a painter, sculptor and architect who headed the school of painting on glass. Through his dynamic teaching style and modernist ideas, Kaplický had a tremendous influence on his students and thus on the independence of glass as an art form in Czechoslovakia. In 1953 Libenský returned to Železný Brod to become the director of the Specialized School of Glassmaking. It was during that time that he met Jaroslava Brychtová, the daughter of the school's co-founder, Jaroslav Brychta.[2]

Jaroslava Brychtová began to experiment with casting and carving glass in the late 1940s. She founded the Center for Architectural Glass at the Specialized School of Glassmaking in 1950. Like Libenský, Brychtová studied at VŠUP. The war interrupted her education, but she later finished her studies with a concentration in sculpture. Her teachers were Karel Štipl (from 1945 to 1951) and Jan Lauda (from 1947 to 1950).[3] Jaroslava Brychtová's career at the Specialized School of Glassmaking in Železný Brod spanned 1950 to 1984.[4] The couple began their long collaboration in 1954,[3] when Brychtová created a sculptural glass bowl modeled after a sketch of a bowl-shaped head that Libenský had made. According to Libenský, the two worked well together because he was trained as a painter, and she as a sculptor.[5]

Libenský and Brychtová married in 1963.[6]

1958 Brussels Expo

The Czechoslovakian pavilion at the EXPO '58 in Brussels garnered attention for its modern architectural design, its film, acting and ballet presentations, it was Czech glass that attracted the attention of the judges.

United Nations headquarters in Geneva.[8] In developing the negative modeling technique employed in "Animal Reliefs", Brychtová and Libenský created the foundation on which the majority of their later sculptural work was based.[9]

Prague Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design (VŠUP)

Josef Kaplický's death in 1962 left a void at VŠUP that was filled by Libenský, who was appointed a professor in the glass department in 1963. Libenský was an excellent teacher who respected the tradition of glass in Czechoslovakia while furthering his own ideas about the modern direction of glass art. His career at the academy lasted nearly one-quarter of a century. During that time, despite the opposition of the Communist government that had taken hold of the country in the late 1940s, Libenský was able not only to influence two generations of glass artists through his teaching but also, through international lecturing and exhibition of his and Jaroslava Brychtová's works, build international interest in modern Czech glass art. Notable students of Professor Libenský include František Janák, Marian Karel, Ivana Mašitová, Yan Zoritchak (Ján Zoričák),[10] and Alena Bílková.[11]

Architectural commissions

Much of Libenský and Brychtová's architectural work was done for buildings in Czechoslovakia, including two windows, created for the St. Wenceslas Chapel in Prague's St. Vitus Cathedral. Built in the fourteenth century, the historic chapel was reconstructed by the Czech government between 1961 and 1964. Libenský and Brychtová were selected by competition to replace the chapel's original stained glass windows, which dated from 1912 to 1913. The artists created an abstract design for the windows that, in its modern simplicity, departed from the ornate, early sixteenth-century decoration of the chapel. To relate the new to the old, Libenský and Brychtová used the muted grey-brown, grey-green and pink hues in the chapel's frescoes as the predominant colors in their windows.[12] Outside of Czechoslovakia their architectural glass work was seen in World's Fair exhibitions and Czech Embassies.[8] At Expo '67 in Montreal, Canada, they created three large sculptures for the Czechoslovakian Pavilion's "Hall of Century and Traditions". These were "Blue Concretion", "Sun of the Century", and "Large Conus".[13] According to Corning Museum of Glass curator Tina Oldknow, these large-scale sculptures in glass were "a revelation" to the American Studio Glass artists who saw them, including Harvey Littleton, Dale Chihuly and Marvin Lipofsky.[14]

Honors and awards

Metamorphosis 2007

Libenský was awarded honorary doctorates by the

Stuttgart, Germany, in 1969 and at the VIII Bienal de São Paulo, Brazil, in 1965. Libenský and Brychtová were presented with the Rakow Award for Excellence in Glass from the Corning Museum of Glass in 1984.[17] They received the 1958 Grand Prize at Expo 58 in Brussels, Belgium.[18]

Collections

The work of Libenský and Brychtová has been collected by public institutions world-wide, including the

Museum Jan van der Togt, Amstelveen, the Netherlands;[20] Musee des Arts Decoratifs, Paris, France and Museum of Modern Art
, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

References

  1. ^ Klein, Dan, "Artists in Glass", Mitchell Beazley, an imprint of Octopus Publishing Group Ltd., Great Britain, 2001, p. 116
  2. ^ Green, Peter S., "Stanislav Libenský, 80; Redefined Glass Art", The New York Times, March 2, 2002
  3. ^ a b Libenský website. Accessed 3/31/10
  4. ISBN 80-86010-44-9
    , p. 247
  5. ^ Green, 2002
  6. ^ Klein, 2001 p. 116
  7. ^ Petrová, 2001, pp. 49, 51
  8. ^ a b Klein, 2001, p. 118
  9. ^ Petrova, 2001, pp. 49-52
  10. ^ Petrová, Sylva, 2001, pp. 243, 245
  11. ^ "Alena Bílková - Grafika - Antikvariát a galerie Bastion - Tábor". antiquariat.cz. Retrieved Oct 7, 2019.
  12. ^ Petrova, 2001, p. 94
  13. ^ Petrova, 2001, p.83
  14. ^ Oldknow, Tina, "Contemporary Glass Sculptures and Panels: Selections from the Corning Museum of Glass", The Corning Museum of Glass in association with Hudson Hills Press LLC, Manchester, Vermont, 2008 p. 14
  15. ^ Petrová, 2001, p. 247
  16. ^ Short biography and photographs of Libenský / Brychtová works
  17. ^ Oldknow, Tina, "Voices of Contemporary Glass: The Heineman Collection", The Corning Museum of Glass, Corning, NY, 2009 p. 359-360
  18. ^ "Libenský / Brychtová". HELLER GALLERY. Retrieved 2017-09-23.
  19. ^ "Cafesjian Center for the Arts".
  20. ^ Waldrich, Joachim, "Who's Who in Contemporary Glass Art", Joachim Waldrich Verlag, Munich, Germany, 1993 p. 314

External links

Further reading

  • Thomas S. Buechner and William Warmus, "Czechoslovakian Diary: 1980." Corning: The Corning Museum of Glass, 1981. Chronicles the authors' visit to the Libenský-Brychtová studio in July, 1980.
  • William Warmus, "The Art of Libensky and Brychtova." The first Rakow Award lecture for Excellence in the Art of Glass, October 1984, at The Corning Museum of Glass. Published in Neues Glas magazine in 1985 and the Corning Museum of Glass New Glass Review in 1985.
  • Robert Kehlmann, The Inner Light: Sculpture by Stanislav Libenský and Jaroslava Brychtová, University of Washington Press, Seattle, 2002.
  • Robert Kehlmann, “A Talk with Stanislav Libenský,” Glass Art Society Journal, 1981.
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