Jaswant Singh

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other uses, see Jaswant Singh (disambiguation).

Minister of External Affairs
In office
25 March 1998 – 1 July 2002
Prime MinisterAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Preceded byAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Succeeded byYashwant Sinha
Personal details
Born(1938-01-03)3 January 1938
British India
(present-day Rajasthan, India)
Died27 September 2020(2020-09-27) (aged 82)[2]
New Delhi, India
Political partyBharatiya Janata Party (until 2014)[3]
Other political
affiliations		Independent (2014 – 2020)
Spouse
Sheetal Kanwar
​
(m. 1963⁠–⁠2020)​
Children2 (including
Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
Sino-Indian War

2012 Indian vice-presidential election. Singh was the only leader from Rajasthan who had the distinction of becoming the Minister Of External Affairs, Finance and Defense.[11]

He was elected on a

External Affairs and Defence.[12] He also served as the Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission between 1998 and 1999.[13] In the aftermath of India's nuclear tests of 1998, he was deputed by Prime Minister Vajpayee to act as India's representative to hold repeated, long-term dialogue with the United States (represented by Strobe Talbott) on matters related to nuclear policy and strategy; the outcome of the sustained engagement was positive for both countries.[14][15] After his party lost power in 2004, Jaswant Singh served as Leader of Opposition in the Rajya Sabha from 2004 to 2009.[16]

Singh incurred the displeasure of his party colleagues when, after the party suffered its second successive defeat in 2009, he circulated a note demanding a thorough discussion on the debacle.

Barmer (against Col. Sonaram Chaudhary) in Rajasthan.[18] He was expelled from the BJP on 29 March 2014 when he did not withdraw his independent candidature, and went on to lose the election.[19][20]

On 7 August 2014, Jaswant Singh suffered a fall in the bathroom of residence and suffered a serious head injury.[21] In June 2020 he was admitted to Army's Research and Referral hospital in Delhi for treatment. He remained in a state of coma for six years till his death in 2020.[22][23]

Early life

Singh was born on 3 January 1938 in the village of

Barmer.[26] He was an officer in the Indian Army in the 1960s and was an alumnus of Mayo College and the National Defence Academy, Khadakwasla.[27]

After his education from the

Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 and was the commander of his unit and was the Major at the time of Sino-Indian border dispute of the year 1965 after which he retired from the Indian Army in the next year, 1966 to join politics after serving the Armed forces for 10 years.[28][29] He was a close accompany of Bhairon Singh Shekhawat and made his links with Bharatiya Jana Sangh.[30] He was a member and associate of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh from the 1960s.[31]

Career events

Singh with Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin in 2000.

In the government of Vajpayee, Singh was External Affairs Minister, and later went on to become the Finance Minister.[32] He was also the Defence Minister when George Fernandes was forced to resign after the Tehelka exposure.[33]

Singh is widely regarded for his handling of relations with the United States which were strained after the

U.S. President Bill Clinton to India. His skill as a negotiator and diplomat during talks with the United States has been well acknowledged by his U.S. counterpart Strobe Talbott.[34]

Singh has been frequently criticised by political parties for escorting terrorists to

Indian Airlines flight IC 814.[35]

Singh was denied a

independent candidate from Barmer constituency.[36] Subsequently, he was expelled from BJP for six years[37] and lost the election.[38]

Political life

Singh entered politics in the 1960s, with the first few years of his political life seeing limited recognition, until he was initiated in the

Minister for External Affairs of India, serving from 5 December 1998 until 1 July 2002.[16] Responsible for foreign policy, he dealt with high tensions between India and Pakistan.[40] In July 2002 he became Finance Minister again, switching posts with Yashwant Sinha. He served as Finance Minister until the defeat of the Vajpayee government in May 2004 and was instrumental in defining and pushing through the market-friendly reforms of the government.[41] He was conferred the Outstanding Parliamentarian Award for the year 2001.[42] On 19 August 2009, he was expelled from BJP after criticism over his remarks in his book which allegedly praised the founder of Pakistan in his book Jinnah – India, Partition, Independence.[43] His last major position was as Leader of Opposition in the Rajya Sabha from 2004 to 2009.[16]

He was denied a ticket by the party to contest the 2014

independent candidate and lost to his former party's candidate Col. Sonaram Choudhary.[44] Jaswant Singh was elected from Darjeeling Seat from the year 2009 to 2014.[45]

Ministries and Work

Jaswant Singh held many ministries under the government of Atal Bihari Vajpayee, including several important such as Defence, External Affairs and Finance.[B] He has also held many important positions including that of Electronics and Science and Technology.[47]

Minister of Finance (First time)

Narsimha Rao government.[49] After this there was a 1996 Bank Scam after this the fall of Atal Bihari Government automatically Singh was removed from the position and succeeded to P. Chidambaram for the position.[50]

Minister of External Affairs

After

Central Government.[C] Singh has been one of the most trusted man of Vajpayee and was given task of making good international relation with other nations.[53] He has been represented nation at international level in the times of Kargil War and India's nuclear test. He was the one who went to Kandahar after plane hijack.[54] He remained Minister till 5 December 2002 after the removal of George Fernandes due to the Tehelka conspirancy. As the Minister of External Affairs he launched the first free-trade agreement (with Sri Lanka) in South Asia's history, initiated India's most daring diplomatic opening to Pakistan, revitalised relations with the US, and reoriented the Indian military, abandoning its Soviet-inspired doctrines and weaponry for close ties with the West.[55]

Pokhran-II Pressure

Main article: Pokhran-II
High Commissioner. Sanctions were also imposed by Japan on India and consisted of freezing all new loans and grants except for humanitarian aid to India.[60][61] Some other nations also imposed sanctions on India, primarily in the form of suspension of foreign aid to India and government-to-government credit lines. However, the United Kingdom, France, and Russia refrained from condemning India.[62] The biggest affect was on the relations of India with United States and there were made many restrictions on India and at that time Singh managed to control America at United Nations.[63]

Kargil War

Main article: Kargil War
Talk by Jaswant Singh
video icon Talk and Beyond. Published on 16 January 2020 on YouTube.

After the Kargil War and the win of Indian Armed forces in July 1999 the use of WMD led to a serious pressure of the world on India and this was led by the anger of United States against India due to Pokhran-II Nuclear test series and supported in the favour of Pakistan.[64] At that time Singh was the one who represented India at the international level and had made many interviews with news channels and also made diplomatic talks with leaders and representatives of the United States], China, France, and many other nations.[65] After that Singh made an interview with Atal Bihari Vajpayee in which to strengthening the position of Indian Government there was a release of a leaked conversation of Pervez Musharraf in which he admitted that he was involved in the attack on India in Kargil district in 1999 and that he also planned an attack to kill Nawaz Sharif and become the President of Pakistan.[66] This was known to be a masterpiece and led to a very strong point resulting in the India's diplomatic relations and proving the burden of war on General Musharraf.[67] After that India was freed from allegations of the Kargil War.[68]

Kandahar Hijack

Main article: Indian Airlines Flight 814 § Political aftermath

The terrorists of

Islamist figures held in prison in India. The hostage crisis lasted for seven days and ended after India agreed to release three militants – Mushtaq Ahmed Zargar, Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh, and Mulana Masood Azhar.[69][70] This hijack was also helped by Dawood Ibrahim and Al-Qaeda linked Jihadis.[71] Then after too much suggestions and pressure then Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee agrees on the demand of the hijackers of Taliban and sends Ajit Doval in Kandahar and after that Vajpayee decided to send Singh as he was the one of the most trusted man. He was sent to Kandahar of Afghanistan to escort the terrorists and take back the crew members.[72] It was also said that Singh has made a secret talks with Taliban Foreign Minister Wakil Ahmed Muttawakil and made an agreement of 3 terrorists in exchange of 170 crew members including men, women and children.[73] Later terrorists also demanded 900 crores rupees and 36 other terrorists, but somehow it was denied.[74] On 31 December 1999 on New Year of 2000 all 176 were released and they all landed to Indira Gandhi International Airport.[75]

The incident is seen as a failure of the

BJP government under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee and IB chief Ajit Doval said that India would have had a stronger negotiating hand if the aircraft had not been allowed to leave Indian territory.[76] Doval, the IB chief, who led the four-member negotiating team to Kandahar, described the whole incident as a "diplomatic failure" of the government in their inability to make the US and UAE use their influence to help secure a quick release of the passengers.[77] Singh also received criticism for praising the Taliban for their co-operation after the hostages had been returned.[78]

Donald H. Rumsfeld
.

Minister of Defence

Singh was appointed as the

Vajpayee Government.[81]

Finance Minister (Second term)

Composition of Agricultural output.

After returning of

Vajpayee Government lost the 2004 General Election and passed the position to P. Chidambaram. In his reign of 2 years for the second time he has been known to make market-friendly reforms in the Economy of India and due to his good diplomatic skills and good relations with other nations from the times when he was the Minister of External Affairs.[82]

In late 2002 and 2003 the government pushed through economic reforms.

Indian Economic Growth groth history under the period of two years of his ministry and the Inflation rate was also very much good in the period of the two years.[86] From 2002 to 2004, the economy of India was one of the fastest growing in the world and one of the leading agricultural nations and second most output after China.[87][88]

Positions and offices

Leader of Rajya Sabha

Jaswant Singh was appointed as the

Union Government and in this period he served as Minister of Defence and Finance.[E]

Leader of Opposition (Rajya Sabha)

After the

L K Advani
(backward).

Vice-president nominee

Main article: 2012 Indian vice presidential election

He was the candidate for the post of

Hamid Ansari got 490 seats and received 67.31% of the votes.[97]

Controversy

Death

Statement on Singh's death

It is with profound grief that we inform you about the sad demise of Hon’ble Major Jaswant Singh (Retd), former Cabinet Minister of Government of India at 6:55 a.m. on September 27, 2020. He was admitted on June 25, 2020, and being treated for Sepsis with Multiorgan Dysfunction Syndrome and effects of Severe Head Injury old (Optd) had a cardiac arrest this morning,”

Naresh Raj, Army Research and Referral Hospital[F]

In June 2020, Singh was admitted to the Delhi's Army Hospital and was being treated for

Hindu rituals.[108] Due to COVID-19 pandemic only family members were present and very few relatives. Prime Minister Narendra Modi reacted on his death stated that "Jaswant Singh Ji served our nation diligently, first as a soldier and later during his long association with politics. During Atal Ji's Government, he handled crucial portfolios and left a strong mark in the worlds of Finance, Defence and External affairs. Saddened by his demise"[109]

Positions held

Jaswant Singh with Atal Bihari Vajpayee and P. L. Singh in New Delhi on 24 January 2004.
  1. 1980 – Elected to Rajya Sabha
    (1st term)
  2. 1986 – Re-elected to Rajya Sabha
    (2nd term)
  3. 1986 – 1989 – Member, Public Accounts Committee, Rajya Sabha
  4. 1986 – 1989 – Member, Committee on Privileges, Rajya Sabha
  5. 1986 – 1989 – Member, Committee on Public Undertakings, Rajya Sabha
  6. Jodhpur
  7. 1990 – 1992 – Member, Consultative Committee constituted under the Punjab State Legislature (Delegation of Power) Act, 1987
  8. 1989 – 1991 – Member, Panel of chairmen, Lok Sabha
  9. 1991 – 1996 – Chairman, Estimates Committee
  10. Chittorgarh
  11. 1991 – 1992 – Chairman, Committee on Environment and Forests
  12. 1991 – 1994 – Member, Business Advisory Committee
  13. 1992 – Member, Joint Parliamentary Committee to enquire into Irregularities in Securities and Banking Transactions
  14. 1993 – 1996 – Chairman, Standing Committee on Energy
  15. Chittorgarh
  16. May 1996 – June 1996 – Union Cabinet Minister, Finance
  17. March 1998 – February 1998 – Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission
  18. July 1998 – Re-elected to Rajya Sabha
    (3rd term)
  19. December 1998 – July 2000 – Union Cabinet Minister, External Affairs
  20. February 1999 – October 1999 – Union Cabinet Minister, Electronics (Simultaneous charge)
  21. August 1999 – October 1999 – Union Cabinet Minister, Surface Transport (Simultaneous charge)
  22. October 1999 – Re-elected to Rajya Sabha
    (4th term)
  23. March 2001 – October 2001 – Union Cabinet Minister, Defence (Simultaneous charges)
  24. July 2002 – April 2004 – Union Minister, Finance & Company Affairs
  25. April 2002 – May 2004 – Union Cabinet Minister, Finance
  26. 2004 – Re-elected to Rajya Sabha
    (5th term)
  27. 2004 – Leader of Opposition, Rajya Sabha
  28. August 2004 – August 2006 – Member, Committee on Science and Technology, Environment and Forests
  29. August 2004 – May 2009 – Member, Joint Parliamentary Committee on the Installation of Portraits/Statues of National Leaders and Parliamentarians in Parliament House Complex[110]
  30. August 2005 – Member, General Purposes Committee
  31. Darjeeling
  32. August 2009 – December 2009 – Chairman, Committee on Public Accounts
  33. September 2009 – Member, Committee on Budget
  34. January 2010 – Member, Committee on Public Accounts

Books

See also

References

Notes

Library resources about
Jaswant Singh
  1. ^ In Gujarati pronunciation: [જસવંતસિંઘ] and in Hindi pronunciation: [jasavant sinh].
  2. ^ Under Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Singh handled key ministries such as Ministry of Defence, Ministry of External Affairs and Ministry of Finance.[46]
  3. ^ Jaswant Singh Was The Only Leader From Rajasthan Who Had The Distinction Of Becoming The Minister Of External Affairs.[52]
  4. ^ The triumvirate consisted of Prime Minister A B Vajpayee, Defence Minister George Fernandes and Jaswant Singh. There were a handful more, politicians and scientists, who were in the know of the top-secret mission which was code-named, ‘Operation Shakthi’.[57]
  5. Leader of Rajya Sabha
    ;
    • December 1998 – July 2000 – Union Cabinet Minister, External Affairs.
    • February 1999 – October 1999 – Union Cabinet Minister, Electronics (Simultaneous charge).
    • August 1999 – October 1999 – Union Cabinet Minister, Surface Transport (Simultaneous charge).
    • March 2001 – October 2001 – Union Cabinet Minister, Defence (Simultaneous charges).
    • July 2002 – April 2004 – Union Minister, Finance & Company Affairs.
    • April 2002 – May 2004 – Union Cabinet Minister, Finance.
  6. ^ Singh, a former Army officer, had been ill after a fall at his home in August 2014 and was admitted to the Army Research and Referral Hospital. He had been in and out of the hospital and was admitted again in June 2020.[103]

Citations

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Further reading

* Jaswant Singh (21 September 2007). In Service of Emergent India: A Call to Honour. Indiana University Press.
ISBN 9780253028006. Archived
from the original on 27 September 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2019.

External links
Jaswant Singh's positions and offices
Rajya Sabha
Preceded by
N/A
 Member of Parliament
for Rajya Sabha Rajasthan
1980–1992 		Succeeded by
N/A
Preceded by
N/A
 Member of Parliament
for Rajya Sabha Rajasthan
1998-2010 		Succeeded by
N/A
Lok Sabha
Preceded by Member of Parliament
for
Jodhpur

1989-1991 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Member of Parliament
for
Chittorgarh

1991-1998 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Member of Parliament
for
Darjeeling

2009-2014 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Minister of Finance
1996 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission
1998-1999 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Leader of Rajya Sabha

1998-2004 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of External Affairs
1998-2002 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of Defence
2002 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of Finance
2002-2004 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Opposition leader of Rajya Sabha
2004-2009 		Succeeded by