Jewish fundamentalism
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Jewish fundamentalism (
Overview
Like other fundamentalist movements, fundamentalist Judaism usually presents itself as the only valid form of Judaism, Jewish culture, and truth. However, Religious Zionism and Haredi Judaism, the two movements which are most broadly associated with Jewish fundamentalism, differ in significant ways and historically, they have opposed each other (but recently, there has been more overlap due to the rise of the Hardal movement). Religious Zionism is more associated with political extremism while Haredi Judaism is associated with men studying torah every day and making sure all actions are in line with hashems will .[2]
Haredi Judaism
Haredi Judaism consists of groups within Orthodox Judaism that are characterized by their strict adherence to halakha (Jewish law) and traditions in opposition to modern values and practices.[3][4] Its members are usually referred to as ultra-Orthodox in English; however, the term "ultra-Orthodox" is considered pejorative by many of its adherents, who prefer terms like strictly Orthodox or Haredi.[5] Haredi Jews regard themselves as the most religiously authentic group of Jews,[6][7] but other movements of Judaism disagree.[8]
Religious Zionism
Religious Zionism is still a relatively broad term which encompasses both moderate and extremist elements. The extremist elements are frequently associated with anti-Arab racism, anti-Palestinianism and violence, frequently, they are associated with ideological inspiration from Kahanism. They have also been associated with terrorism against Palestinians and in some cases, they have also been associated with terrorism against the Israel Defense Forces. The Hilltop Youth movement is especially associated with the most extreme forms of Religious Zionism.[9]
Study
Jewish fundamentalism was ignored for much of the 20th century, and it was only when it began to have an effect on
See also
- Gush Emunim
- Halachic state
- Jewish Defense League
- Jewish Defense Organization
- Jewish religious terrorism
- Judaism and violence
- Lev Tahor
- Meir Kahane
- Noahidism
- Sikrikim
- The Temple Institute
- Zealots
- Zionist political violence
References
- ^ "Jewish fundamentalism in Israel". Fundamentalism (religious movement). Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ISBN 978-0-312-29306-2.
- ^ Raysh Weiss. "Haredim (Charedim), or Ultra-Orthodox Jews". My Jewish Learning.
What unites haredim is their absolute reverence for Torah, including both the Written and Oral Law, as the central and determining factor in all aspects of life. ... In order to prevent outside influence and contamination of values and practices, haredim strive to limit their contact with the outside world.
- ^ "Orthodox Judaism". Berkley Center for Religion, Peace & World Affairs. Archived from the original on 2012-05-16. Retrieved 2019-05-15.
Haredi Judaism, on the other hand, prefers not to interact with secular society, seeking to preserve halakha without amending it to modern circumstances and to safeguard believers from involvement in a society that challenges their ability to abide by halakha.
- ^ Shafran, Avi (February 4, 2014). "Don't Call Us 'Ultra-Orthodox". Forward. Retrieved 2020-05-13.
- ISBN 978-1-60960-744-9.
Haredim regard themselves as the most authentic custodians of Jewish religious law and tradition which, in their opinion, is binding and unchangeable. They consider all other expressions of Judaism, including Modern Orthodoxy, as deviations from God's laws.
- ^ "Orthodox Judaism". Berkley Center for Religion, Peace & World Affairs. Archived from the original on 2012-05-16. Retrieved 2019-05-15.
Orthodox Judaism claims to preserve Jewish law and tradition from the time of Moses.
- ISBN 978-0-231-14187-1. Retrieved 24 July 2013.
Mainstream Jews have—until recently—maintained the impression that the ultraorthodox are the 'real' Jews.
- ^ Goldman, Paul. "'Fundamentalist' Jewish Terror a Growing Threat to Israel: Experts". www.nbcnews.com. NBC News. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
- ^ Brownfeld, Allan (February 2002). "Jewish Fundamentalism: An Old Problem Re-emerges". Jane's Terrorism & Security Monitor: 12–15.
Bibliography
- Aran, Gideon (2004) [1990]. "From Religious Zionism to Zionist Religion". In Goldscheider, Calvin; ISBN 1-59244-943-3.
- ISBN 0-226-50885-4.
- ISBN 0-226-50883-8.
- Ravitzky, Aviezer (1996) [1993]. Messianism, Zionism, and Jewish Religious Radicalism. Translated by Swirsky, Michael; Chipman, Jonathan. Chicago, Il: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-70577-3.
- ISBN 0-226-50880-3.
- Selengut, Charles (1994). "By Torah Alone: Yeshiva Fundamentalism in Jewish Life". In ISBN 0-226-50885-4.
- Silberstein, Laurence J., ed. (1993). Jewish Fundamentalism in Comparative Perspective. New York: NYU Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-7967-5.
- ISBN 0-226-50885-4.
- Yuval-Davis, Nira (1999). "The Personal Is Political: Jewish Fundamentalism and Women's Empowerment". Religious Fundamentalisms and the Human Rights of Women. Palgrave Macmillan US: 33–42. ISBN 978-0-312-29306-2. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
- Dorraj, Manochehr (18 August 2016). "The Crisis of Modernity and Religious Revivalism: A Comparative Study of Islamic Fundamentalism, Jewish Fundamentalism and Liberation Theology". Social Compass. 46 (2): 225–240. S2CID 143258227. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
External links
- Land and the Lord: Jewish Fundamentalism in Israel at University of Pennsylvania
- Washington Report: Jewish fundamentalism
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