Jim Clark
Jim Clark Champ Car career | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
9 races run over 5 years | |||||||
Best finish | 6th (1963) | ||||||
First race | 1963 Indianapolis 500 (Indianapolis) | ||||||
Last race | 1967 Rex Mays 300 (Riverside) | ||||||
First win | 1963 Tony Bettenhausen 200 (Milwaukee) | ||||||
Last win | 1965 Indianapolis 500 (Indianapolis) | ||||||
| |||||||
24 Hours of Le Mans career | |||||||
Years | 1959–1961 | ||||||
Teams | Border Reivers | ||||||
Best finish | 3rd (1960) | ||||||
Class wins | 0 |
James Clark OBE (4 March 1936 – 7 April 1968) was a British racing driver from Scotland who won two Formula One World Championships in 1963 and 1965. A versatile driver, he competed in sports cars, touring cars, and in the Indianapolis 500, which he won in 1965. He was particularly associated with Team Lotus, driving for the team his entire Formula One career between 1960 and 1968.
Clark was killed in a
Early years
James Clark was born into a farming family at Kilmany House Farm, Fife, the youngest child of five, and the only boy. In 1942, the family moved to Edington Mains Farm, near Duns, Berwickshire, in the Borders. He was educated at primary schools in Kilmany and then in Chirnside. Following three years of preparatory schooling at Clifton Hall School in Edinburgh he was sent to Loretto School in Musselburgh, East Lothian.[2]
Although his parents were opposed to the idea, Clark started his racing in local
Driving a Lotus Elite, Clark finished tenth at the 1959 24 Hours of Le Mans; he partnered with John Whitmore and the ex-Bruce Halford Lister Jaguar, winning the Bo'ness Hill Climb.[4] Chapman was sufficiently impressed to give Clark a ride in one of his Formula Junior (FJ) cars. In March 1960, the first race for the newly introduced FJ took place at Goodwood. Clark finished first ahead John Surtees and Trevor Taylor.[5] Clark had made an earlier FJ appearance in a one-off race at Brands Hatch on Boxing Day, 1959, driving a Gemini-B.M.C. for Graham Warner of the Chequered Flag garage, Chiswick.[6]
Clark and Lotus
Clark made his
In
Clark's first Drivers' World Championship came driving the
In
The FIA decreed that from
During
Concurrent with competing in the F1 World Drivers' Championship, Clark competed with Lotus in the
Performances
In what would be the first of seven victories for Clark and Team Lotus that year, he won the 1963 Belgian Grand Prix at Spa-Francorchamps in extremely foggy and rainy conditions. After starting eighth on the grid, he passed all of the cars in front of him, including early leader Graham Hill. About 17 laps into the race, with the rain coming down harder than ever, Clark had lapped the entire field except for Bruce McLaren, and was almost five minutes ahead of McLaren and his Cooper.[28][29] In the 1967 Italian Grand Prix at Monza after starting from pole, Clark was leading in his Lotus 49 (chassis R2), when a tyre punctured. He lost a lap while having the wheel changed in the pits. Rejoining sixteenth, he advanced through the field, progressively lowering the lap record and eventually equalling his pole time of 1m 28.5s, to regain the lost lap and the lead. He was narrowly ahead of Brabham and Surtees starting the last lap. As his car had not been filled with enough fuel, it faltered and finally coasted across the finish line in third place.[30]
In his Indianapolis 500 win, Clark led for 190 of the 200 laps, with a then-record average speed of over 150 mph (240 km/h),[31][32] to become the first non-American in almost half a century to win the race.[33][34][35] In 1963 and 1965, Clark equalled Alberto Ascari's record for the highest percentage of possible championship points in a season (100%).[36] Leading 71.47% of the laps in 1963, Clark long held the record for the highest percentage of laps in the lead in a season and only lost it in 2023 to Max Verstappen.[37][38] He still holds the Grand Chelem record; as of July 2023, only 26 drivers had secured a Grand Chelem, of which there had been 66 in total. Clark's record is that he had the most races taking pole, fastest lap, race win, and leading every lap, achieving this eight times in a 32-race span over three years (the 1962 British Grand Prix, the 1963 Dutch Grand Prix that he won by more than a full lap, the 1963 French Grand Prix, the 1963 Mexican Grand Prix, the 1964 British Grand Prix, the 1965 South African Grand Prix, the 1965 French Grand Prix, and the 1965 German Grand Prix). Clark is also one of three drivers (the other being Ascari and Sebastian Vettel have achieved the feat in consecutive races. Alongside Vettel and Verstappen, Clark is the only drivers to achieve a Grand Chelem in three consecutive years, and is the sole driver to accomplish this feat for four consecutive years (1962–1965).[39] Clark finished his career with 274 total points.[40]
Accident and death
On 7 April 1968, Clark died in a racing accident at the
On the fifth lap of the first heat, Clark's Lotus 48 veered off the track and crashed into the trees. He suffered a broken neck and skull fracture, and died before reaching the hospital. The cause of the crash was never definitively identified; investigators concluded it was most likely due to a deflating rear tyre. Clark's death affected the racing community terribly, with fellow F1 drivers and close friends, such as Hill, Surtees, Amon, Jackie Stewart, Dan Gurney, and Jack Brabham, all being personally affected by the tragedy. People came from all over the world to Clark's funeral. Colin Chapman was devastated and publicly stated that he had lost his best friend. The 1968 F1 Drivers' Championship was subsequently won by Hill, his Lotus teammate, who pulled the heartbroken team together and held off Stewart for the crown, which he later dedicated to Clark. There is also a large memorial to Clark at Hockenheim today; because the track has been reduced in length and the old course reforested, the actual location of the crash is in a heavily wooded area.[43] There was initial speculation as to whether the accident was caused by a driver error or a deflating rear tyre, and the Lotus was investigated thoroughly by aircraft crash investigators for three weeks. Many drivers including Surtees and Brabham were convinced that the crash was caused by a deflating rear tyre and were adamant that it was not a driver error—simply because they believed Clark was not capable of making such a mistake. In the words of Andrew Marriott of the classic journal Motor Sport who was covering the race as a young reporter, "Deaths in the sport were a regular occurrence in those days, but surely someone of Clark's sublime talent and skill? People reckoned that the rear tyre had deflated, and there is another theory that the mechanical metering unit on the Cosworth FVA engine had seized and caused Clark to crash."[42]
Legacy
There have been many stories about the tyres on Jim Clark's car lasting four races. This is true, but also the brake pads lasted three times longer than those of any other driver. Derek Wild used to say that you could put all the gearboxes on the bench in front of him in random order and he could tell which gearbox came out of Jim's car as it showed less signs of wear. The point is that the standard of preparation was no different between Jim's car and the number two car. It was just that the man was very "soft" on his car and so he tended to last the race distance as a result.
Cedric Selzer, If You Have Come Second You Have Lost, Winning the World Championship with Jim Clark[44]
At the time of his death in 1968, the 32-years-old Clark had achieved 33 pole positions and won 25 races from his 72 Grands Prix starts in championship races. He had more Grand Prix wins (25) and pole positions (33) than any other driver, including five-time World Champion Juan Manuel Fangio, despite winning three less World Championships; he also won most of the races he finished and was often winning, or in a podium position, when he had to retire due to mechanical failures, without which he could have equalled, if not beaten, Fangio's World Championship record. Fangio himself called Clark the greatest driver ever.[45]
Although many of his records in total numbers were later eclipsed in part due to more races started and improved reliability, Clarke's percentage-related ones remain either unbeaten or near the top.
Clark is remembered for his ability to drive and win in all types of cars and series,
Clark is buried in the village of Chirnside in Berwickshire.[59] A memorial stone can be found at the Hockenheimring circuit, moved from the site of his crash to a location closer to the modern track,[43] and a life-size statue of him in racing overalls stands by the bridge over a small stream in the village of his birth, Kilmany in Fife.[60][61][62] The Jim Clark Motorsport Museum can be found in Duns.[63] The Jim Clark Trophy was introduced in the 1987 season and for drivers of cars with naturally aspirated engines but was discontinued after turbo-charged engines were restricted in 1988 and dropped for 1989. The Jim Clark Memorial Award is an annual award given by the Association of Scottish Motoring Writers to Scots who have contributed significantly to transport and motorsport.[64] The Jim Clark Rally is an annual event held in Berwickshire.[65] Clark was an inaugural inductee into the Scottish Sports Hall of Fame in 2002.[66] In 2020, The Economist ranked all champion drivers of F1 history by the relative importance of car quality to driver skill, based on a study by Andrew Bell of the University of Sheffield. This ranking considers the relative statistical significance of the car maker's contributions. Clark ranked second, behind only Fangio.[67] Objective mathematical models,[68][69] such as Eichenberger and Stadelmann (2009, 2nd), original F1metrics (2014, 1st),[70] Bell et al. (2015, 2nd), FiveThirtyEight (2018, 12th), and updated F1metrics (2019, 6th), put Clark consistenly among the greatest Formula One drivers ever.[71][72][73]
Awards
In 1965, Clark was awarded the
Racing record
Career summary
- ^ Clark won the 1965 Indianapolis 500.
‡ Graded drivers not eligible for European Formula Two Championship points
Complete 24 Hours of Le Mans results
Year | Team | Co-drivers | Car | Class | Laps | Pos. | Class pos. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1959 | Border Reivers | John Whitmore | Lotus Elite Mk.14-Climax | GT 1.5 |
257 | 10th | 2nd |
1960 | Border Reivers | Roy Salvadori | Aston Martin DBR1/300 | S 3.0 |
306 | 3rd | 3rd |
1961 | Border Reivers | Ron Flockhart | Aston Martin DBR1/300 | S 3.0 |
132 | DNF | DNF |
Source:[77]
|
Complete Formula One World Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Formula One records
Clark holds the following Formula One records:
- Footnotes
- ^ Record shared with Alberto Ascari (1952), Nigel Mansell (1992), and Lewis Hamilton (2017)
- ^ Record shared with Ascari and Sebastian Vettel
- ^ In 1963 and 1965, only the best six of ten scores counted towards the World Championship. The record is shared with Ascari (1952).
Non-championship Formula One results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1960 | Team Lotus | Lotus 18 | Climax FPF 2.5 L4 | GLV | INT | SIL Ret |
LOM 2 |
OUL Ret |
||||||||||||||||
1961 | Team Lotus | Lotus 18 | Climax FPF 1.5 L4 | LOM 6 |
GLV | PAU 1 |
BRX Ret |
VIE | AIN 9 |
SYR 6 |
NAP | LON | DAN 7 |
|||||||||||
Lotus 21 | SIL 2 |
SOL 7 |
KAN Ret |
MOD 4 |
FLG 4 |
OUL Ret |
LEW | VAL | RAN 1 |
NAT 1 |
RSA 1 | |||||||||||||
1962 | Team Lotus | Lotus 21 | Climax FPF 1.5 L4 | CAP 2 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Lotus 24 | Climax FWMV 1.5 V8 | BRX Ret |
LOM 1 |
LAV | GLV | PAU Ret |
AIN 1 |
INT 2 |
NAP | |||||||||||||||
Lotus 25 | MAL Ret |
CPL | RMS Ret |
SOL Ret |
KAN | MED | DAN | OUL 1 |
MEX 11 |
RAN 1 |
NAT 2 |
|||||||||||||
1963 | Team Lotus | Lotus 25 | Climax FWMV 1.5 V8 | LOM 2 |
GLV | PAU 1 |
IMO 1 |
SYR | AIN 3 |
INT 1 |
ROM | SOL NC |
KAN 1 |
MED | AUT Ret |
OUL 1 |
RAN 16 |
|||||||
1964 | Team Lotus | Lotus 25 | Climax FWMV 1.5 V8 | DMT Ret |
NWT 1 |
SYR |
INT Ret |
MED 2 |
RAN | |||||||||||||||
Lotus 33 | AIN Ret |
SOL 1 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
1965 | Team Lotus | Lotus 33 | Climax FWMV 1.5 V8 | ROC Ret |
SYR 1 |
|||||||||||||||||||
Lotus 25 | SMT 1 |
INT | MED 2 |
RAN | ||||||||||||||||||||
1966 | Team Lotus | Lotus 33 | Climax FWMV 2.0 V8 | RSA | SYR | INT | OUL 3 |
|||||||||||||||||
1967 | Team Lotus | Lotus 49 | Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 | ROC | SPR | INT | SYR | OUL | ESP 1 |
|||||||||||||||
Source:[78]
|
- Notes
- ^1 – After Clark was disqualified for a push start, he took over the car of Trevor Taylor.
American open-wheel racing
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position)
USAC Championship Car
USAC Championship Car results
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Team | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | Pos. | Pts | |||||||
1963 | Team Lotus | Lotus 29 | Ford 255 ci V8 | TRE | INDY 2 |
MIL
|
LAN | TRE | ISF | MIL 1 |
DSF | INF | TRE 21 |
SAC | PHX
|
6th | 1200 | ||||||||||||||||
1964 | Team Lotus | Lotus 34 | Ford 255 ci V8 | PHX
|
TRE | INDY 24 |
MIL
|
LAN | TRE | ISF | MIL
|
DSF | INF | TRE 18 |
SAC | PHX
|
NC | 0 | |||||||||||||||
1965 | Team Lotus | Lotus 38 | Ford 255 ci V8 | PHX
|
TRE | INDY 1 |
MIL
|
LAN | PPR | TRE | IRP
|
ATL | LAN | MIL
|
ISF | MIL
|
DSF | INF | TRE | SAC | PHX
|
10th | 1000 | ||||||||||
1966 | STP Gas Treatment
|
Lotus 38 | Ford 255 ci V8 | PHX
|
TRE | INDY 2 |
MIL
|
LAN | ATL | PPR | IRP
|
LAN | ISF | MIL
|
DSF | INF | TRE | SAC | PHX
|
NC | 0 | ||||||||||||
1967 | Team Lotus | Lotus 38 | Ford 255 ci V8 | PHX
|
TRE | INDY 31 |
MIL
|
LAN | PPR | MOS
|
MOS
|
IRP
|
LAN | MTR | MTR | ISF | MIL
|
DSF | INF | TRE | SAC | HAN
|
PHX
|
NC | 0 | ||||||||
Vollstedt Enterprises | Vollstedt 67 | RSD 22 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Source:[78]
|
Indianapolis 500
Year | Chassis | Engine | Start | Finish | Team |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1963 | Lotus | Ford | 5 | 2 | Team Lotus |
1964 | Lotus | Ford | 1 | 24 | Team Lotus |
1965 | Lotus | Ford | 2 | 1 | Team Lotus |
1966 | Lotus | Ford | 2 | 2 | STP Gas Treatment
|
1967 | Lotus | Ford | 16 | 31 | Team Lotus |
- Clark's starting positions from 1964, 1965, and 1966 represent the best 3-race starting streak of the 1960s.
- Clark's 1965 win was the first win for a rear-engined car at the Indianapolis 500. No front-engined car has won the race since.
Complete Tasman Series results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)
Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | Pos. | Pts |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1965 | Team Lotus | Lotus 32B | Climax FPF 2.5 L4 | PUK Ret |
LEV 1 |
WIG 1 |
TER 1 |
WAR 1 |
SAN 2 |
LON 5 |
LAK1 1 |
1st | 35 (44) |
1966 | Team Lotus | Lotus 39 | Climax FPF 2.5 L4 | PUK Ret |
LEV 2 |
WIG Ret |
TER Ret |
WAR 1 |
LAK 3 |
SAN 2 |
LON 7 |
3rd | 25 |
1967 | Team Lotus | Lotus 33 | Climax FWMV 2.0 V8 | PUK 2 |
LEV1 1 |
WIG 1 |
TER1 1 |
LAK 1 |
WAR 2 |
SAN 1 |
LON 2 |
1st | 45 |
1968 | Team Lotus | 49T
|
Ford Cosworth DFW 2.5 V8 | PUK Ret |
LEV Ret |
1st | 44 | ||||||
Gold Leaf Team Lotus | WIG 1 |
TER 2 |
SUR 1 |
WAR 1 |
SAN 1 |
LON 5 | |||||||
Source:[78]
|
1Lakeside in 1965 and Levin and Teretonga in 1967 did not count towards Tasman Cup points.
Formula Two results
(Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italic indicate fastest lap.)
For reasons of space, only those Formula Two events which Clark attended are shown.
Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1960 | Team Lotus | Lotus 18 | Climax FPF | BRX Ret |
AIN Ret1 |
SOL 8 |
BRH 1 |
|||||||||
1964 | Ron Harris Team Lotus | Lotus 32 | Cosworth SCA | PAU 1 |
NÜR 1 |
MAL 1 |
PAL 10 |
RMS 4 |
BRH 1 |
KAN 2 |
ALB Ret |
OUL 2 |
||||
1965 | Ron Harris Team Lotus | Lotus 35 | Cosworth SCA | MAL DNS2 |
SNE 3 |
PAU 1 |
LON 1 |
RMS 3 |
ROU 1 |
KAN Ret |
BRH 1 |
OUL 6 |
ALB 1 |
|||
1966 | Ron Harris Team Lotus | Lotus 35 | Cosworth SCA | OUL DNS2 |
SMT Ret |
PAU 7 |
||||||||||
Lotus 44 | BAR Ret |
KAN 3 |
FIN 3 |
MNT 2 |
BUG 6 |
ALB NC |
BRH 3 |
|||||||||
1967 | Team Lotus | Lotus 48 | Cosworth FVA | PAU 4 |
BAR 1 |
NÜR Ret |
ZOL 2 |
RMS Ret |
ROU Ret |
TUL Ret |
JAR 1 |
KAN 3 |
PER Ret |
FIN 1 |
HÄM 3 |
ALB 3 |
1968 | Gold Leaf Team Lotus | Lotus 48 | Cosworth FVA | BAR Ret |
HOC Ret |
|||||||||||
Source:[80]
|
1 Innes Ireland took over Clark's car and finished in 9th place.
2 Races cancelled due to bad weather.
Complete British Saloon Car Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap.)
Year | Team | Car | Class | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | DC | Pts | Class |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1963 | Alan Brown Racing Ltd | Ford Galaxie | D | SNE
|
OUL | GOO | AIN | SIL | CRY | SIL | BRH 1 |
BRH | OUL | 12th | 18 | 6th | |
Team Lotus | Ford Cortina Lotus
|
B | SNE 2 |
9th | |||||||||||||
1964 | Team Lotus | Ford Cortina Lotus
|
B | SNE 2 |
GOO 2 |
OUL 1 |
AIN 3 |
SIL 3 |
CRY 1† |
BRH 2 |
OUL 1 |
1st | 48 | 1st | |||
1965 | Team Lotus | Ford Cortina Lotus
|
C | BRH Ret |
OUL | SNE 5 |
GOO 1 |
SIL | CRY 2† |
BRH DSQ |
OUL 1 |
7th | 30 | 3rd | |||
1966 | Team Lotus | Ford Cortina Lotus
|
C | SNE 3 |
GOO 4 |
SIL | CRY | BRH | BRH 1 |
OUL 1† |
BRH ? |
5th | 34 | 2nd | |||
Source:[81]
|
† Events with two races staged for the different classes.
See also
References
- Notes
- ^ a b Up until 1990, not all points scored by a driver contributed to their final World Championship tally. Numbers without parentheses are Championship points; numbers in parentheses are total points scored.
- ^ "When Ayrton Senna visted [sic] Musselburgh to pay tribute to Jim Clark". The Scotsman. 6 April 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
- ^ Motor Sport, February 1959, Page 111.
- ^ Motor Sport, April 1960, Page 257.
- ^ Goodwood Motor Circuit programme, 7 June 1965. See also: Motor Sport, April 1960, Page 231.
- ^ Jim Clark, Jim Clark at the wheel, Pan Books Ltd., 1965, Pages 47–48, 175.
- ^ D.S.J., Motor Sport, July 1960, Page 568.
- ^ a b Cooper, Jamie (7 April 2021). "Jim Clark". EverythingF1. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ "1961 Italian Grand Prix race report: von Trips suffers fatal accident whilst Hill wins title". Motor Sport. No. 44. October 1961. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
- ^ Collantine, Keith (9 September 2011). "50 years ago today: F1's worst tragedy at Monza". RaceFans. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
- ISSN 0458-3035.
- ^ "Albino Albertini". Motorsport Memorial. 2005. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
- ^ Schneider, Jürgen (10 September 2021). "On the death of Count Trips: Clark mechanic recounts". Speedweek.com. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ "L'ultima corsa di Wolfgang von Trips". Il Post (in Italian). 10 September 2011. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ISSN 0458-3035.
- ^ "1961 Italian Grand Prix – The Crash Photos Database". The Fastlane. 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ "Jim Clark Honored at 2013 Goodwood Revival". Sports Car Digest. 14 May 2013. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
- ^ "Champion Clark sets new wins record". ESPN UK. 22 December 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ "The 71-year-old record Verstappen broke in the Sao Paulo GP". Formula 1. 7 November 2023. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- .
- ^ Kurt, Kurt (18 May 2015). "What really happened in the closing laps of the 1963 Indianapolis 500?". Hemmings. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ O'Hare, Mick (14 March 2020). "F1: The race that sent motorsport back to the future". The New European. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Malsher-Lopez, David (27 April 2023). "1963 Indy 500: When Jones beat Clark and paused a revolution". Motorsport.com. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ "The Scotsman at the Brickyard". Eis.net.au. 1997. Archived from the original on 20 October 2006. Retrieved 28 May 2016.
- ^ Jeffries, Tom (14 May 2023). "How many F1 drivers have won the Indy 500? Winners, drivers & more". Autosport. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Jeffries, Tom; Malsher, David (25 May 2022). "F1 drivers who won the Indy 500". Motorsport.com. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ "Jim Clark killed in race in Germany". The Herald. Glasgow. 8 April 1968. p. 1.
- ^ "1963 Belgian Grand Prix | Motorsport Database". Motor Sport. 7 July 2014. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Tremayne, David (10 April 2019). "F1's Best Drives #2 − Jim Clark's 1963 victory at Spa in the Belgian Grand Prix". Formula 1. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ "1967 Italian Grand Prix report: Surtees wins as heroic Clark denied". Motor Sport. No. 16. October 1967. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- Scotland On Sunday. 27 February 2005. Archived from the originalon 25 October 2012. Retrieved 20 July 2008.
- ^ "Racing History: The Great Races: 1965 Indianapolis 500". Theautochannel.com. Retrieved 26 February 2010.
- ^ "Clark wins 500-mile race at Indianapolis". The Herald. Glasgow. 1 June 1965. p. 1.
- ^ "Clark roars to record 500 win". Milwaukee Sentinel. UPI. 1 June 1965. p. 2, part 2.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Ottum, Bob (7 June 1965). "Fiery 500 for a cool Scot". Sports Illustrated. p. 18.
- ^ Masefield, Fraser (26 September 2013). "The 10 Hottest Winning Streaks in F1 History". Bleacher Report. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Wood, Ida (6 November 2023). "The 71-year-old record Verstappen broke − and celebrated by singing Tom Jones". RaceFans. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Smyth, Richard (21 December 2023). "Max Verstappen: Record-breaker". The Apex Motorsport. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ "F1 Grand Slams". Salracing. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Jeffries, Tom (26 November 2023). "The 10 best Formula 1 drivers ever: Hamilton, Senna & more". Autosport. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ "Clark killed in German race". Milwaukee Sentinel. UPI. 8 April 1968. p. 1, part 2.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b Marriott, Andrew (July 2010). "Return to Hockenheim: The memorial that matters". Motor Sport. No. 50. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
- ^ a b Evans, Mike (3 October 2018). "Jim Clark: A quest to find the original memorial at Hockenheimring". Macfilos. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Windsor, Peter (21 September 2013). "Clark's Gold Cup". Peter Windsor. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
- ^ Rencken, Keith Collantine, Dieter (7 April 2018). "'Fangio said he was the greatest ever': Jim Clark remembered, 50 years on". RaceFans. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Top 10: The drivers with the highest win percentages in F1 history". PlanetF1. 26 November 2023. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Malsher-Lopez, David (7 April 2023). "How Jim Clark's F1 stats still hold up, over 50 years on". Motorsport.com. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Cooper, Sam (19 November 2023). "Max Verstappen beats incredible 60-year record at Las Vegas Grand Prix". PlanetF1. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Hardy, Ed (26 November 2023). "F1 records broken by Max Verstappen in 2023". Autosport. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Chiu, Nigel (27 November 2023). "Max Verstappen: Every record Red Bull driver has broken in 2023 on his way to third F1 title". Sky Sports. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Van Leeuwen, Andrew (6 October 2020). "Stewart: F1 titles and wins don't put Hamilton on level of Clark, Fangio". Autosport. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Turner, Kevin (7 April 2023). "Ranked! Jim Clark's top 10 performances in F1, Indy and more". Motorsport.com. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ "Jim Clark Does NASCAR". Retrieved 23 July 2023.
- ^ Tafà, Riccardo (6 December 2023). "The best Formula 1 drivers ever". RTR Sports. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Webber, Richard (24 April 2020). "The power of Scotland: remembering Jim Clark in a Lotus Evora". Autocar. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- YouTube[dead link]
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- ^ "History of Formula 1 – Grand Prix Hall of Fame – Jimmy Clark – Images". Ddavid.com. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
- ^ Hill, Graham (22 April 1968). "A farewell to Jimmy Clark". Sports Illustrated. p. 63.
- ^ "Clark memorial". Motor Sport. No. 79. July 1993. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ "Tribute to a supreme Scottish sportsman Statue will honour twice world champion Jim Clark's place in history". The Herald. 21 February 1997. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
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- ^ "The Jim Clark Motorsport Museum". Live Borders. Archived from the original on 21 May 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
- ^ "Rally doctor is honoured with 2014 Jim Clark Award". The Scotsman. 5 August 2014. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
- ^ "Jim Clark Rally". Retrieved 17 February 2016.
- ^ a b "Jim Clark OBE". Scottish Sports Hall of Fame. 2002. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
- ^ "Man v machine". The Economist. 17 October 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
- . Retrieved 10 February 2024 – via University of Fribourg.
- ISSN 1559-0410. Retrieved 10 February 2024 – via ResearchGate.
- ^ "Who was the greatest F1 driver?". F1metrics. 18 July 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
- ^ "2014 model-based driver rankings". F1metrics. 26 November 2014. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
- ^ Moore, Justin (25 May 2018). "Who's The Best Formula One Driver Of All Time?". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
- ^ "The f1metrics top 100". F1metrics. 22 November 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
- ^ "Jim Clark". IMS Museum. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
- ^ "James Clark Jr". International Motorsports Hall of Fame. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
- ^ "Jim Clark". Motorsports Hall of Fame of America. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
- ^ "All Results of Jim Clark". RacingSportCars. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
- ^ a b c d "Jim Clark – Biography". MotorSportMagazine. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
- ^ a b c "Grand Slam". Stats F1. Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- ^ "Formula 2 Register – F2, Voiturettes, FJ, F3 and Le Mans Results". F2Register. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
- ^ de Jong, Frank. "British Saloon Car Championship". History of Touring Car Racing 1952-1993. Retrieved 5 September 2022.
- Bibliography
- Clark, Jim. Jim Clark at the Wheel. London: Arthur Barker, 1964.
- Darley, Peter. Jim Clark: Life at Team Lotus. Luton, Bedfordshire, UK: Coterie Press Ltd., 2007, ISBN 978-1-902351-28-5.
- ISBN 0-85429-982-3.
- Gavin, Bill. The Jim Clark Story. London: Leslie Frewin Publishers Ltd., 1967.
- Gauld, Graham. Jim Clark, Portrait of a Great Driver. London: Hamlyn, 1968, ISBN 0-668-01842-9.
- Gauld, Graham. Jim Clark, The Legend Lives On. Wellingborough, UK: Patrick Stephens Inc., 1994, ISBN 1-85260-144-2.
- Gauld, Graham. Jim Clark Remembered. Wellingborough, UK: Patrick Stephens Inc., 1984, ISBN 0-85059-730-7.
- Gauld, Graham. Jim Clark: Racing Hero. Cologne, Germany: McKlein Publishing, 2014, ISBN 978-3-927458-75-8
- Nye, Doug. Autocourse Driver Profile: Jim Clark. Richmond, Surrey, UK: Hazleton, 1991, ISBN 0-905138-77-5.
- Nye, Doug. Jim Clark And His Most Successful Lotus. London: J.H. Haynes & Co. Ltd., 2004, ISBN 1-84425-029-6.
- Spurring, Quentin and Peter Windsor. Jim Clark: A Photographic Portrait. Yeovil, Somerset, UK: Haynes Publishing, 2008, ISBN 978-1-84425-501-6.
- Taylor, William. 1965: Jim Clark & Team Lotus, The UK Races. Luton, Bedfordshire, UK: Coterie Press Ltd., 2009, ISBN 978-1-902351-36-0.
- Tulloch, Andrew. Jim Clark: Grand Prix Legend. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2008, ISBN 978-0-297-85440-1.
External links
- Jim Clark at the Scottish Sports Hall of Fame
- Jim Clark Memorial at Hockenheim
- Jim Clark memorial room at Duns, Scotland
- Jim Clark Rally
- Jim Clark 50th Anniversary Homage
- BBC News: Jim Clark killed in car smash
- "Remember Jim Clark", Roger Horton
- The Greatest 33
- Jim Clark Museum
- Jim Clark as a contestant on To Tell the Truth game show
Sporting positions | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by | BRDC International Trophy Winner 1963 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Indianapolis 500 Rookie of the Year 1963 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Formula One World Champion 1963 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | British Touring Car Champion 1964 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Indianapolis 500 Winner 1965 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Formula One World Champion 1965 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Tasman Series Champion 1965 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Tasman Series Champion 1967–1968 |
Succeeded by |
Awards | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by | Hawthorn Memorial Trophy 1963 |
Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Hawthorn Memorial Trophy 1965 |
Succeeded by |
Records | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by Mike Hawthorn
29 years, 192 days (1958 season) |
Youngest Formula One World Drivers' Champion 27 years, 188 days (1963 season) |
Succeeded by Emerson Fittipaldi
25 years, 273 days (1972 season) |
Preceded by Juan Manuel Fangio
24 wins (1950 – 1958) |
Succeeded by Jackie Stewart
27 wins, 26th at the 1973 Dutch GP |