Jinan dialect
| Jinan dialect | |
|---|---|
| 濟南話 | |
| Native to | Urban People's Republic of China |
| Region | Northeastern China |
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | jina1245 |
The Jinan dialect (simplified Chinese: 济南话; traditional Chinese: 濟南話; pinyin: Jǐnánhuà) is a Mandarin Chinese dialect spoken in Jinan in Shandong province, China. It is a variety of Jilu Mandarin.
Phonetics and phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Alveolo-palatal | Retroflex | Velar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal
|
m | n
|
ɲ | ŋ | ||
Plosive
|
unaspirated
|
p | t
|
k | ||
| voiceless aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |||
Affricate
|
voiceless unaspirated | ts | tɕ | tʂ | ||
| voiceless aspirated | tsʰ | tɕʰ | tʂʰ | |||
Fricative
|
voiced | ʐ | ||||
| voiceless | f | s | ɕ | ʂ | x | |
Approximant
|
l
|
|||||
Tones
| Tone number | Tone name | Tone contour | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | yin ping (陰平) | ˨˩˧ (213) | dipping |
| 2 | yang ping (陽平) | ˥ (5) | high |
| 3 | shang sheng (上聲) | ˨˦ (24) | rising |
| 4 | qu sheng (去聲) | ˨˩ (21) | low |
See also
References
- Běijīng dàxué Zhōngguó yǔyán wénxuéxì yǔyánxué jiàoyánshì. (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyīn zìhuì. Běijīng: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎnshè. (北京大學中國語言文學系語言學教研室. 1989. 漢語方音字匯. 北京: 文字改革出版社)
- ISBN 0-521-29653-6
- Yuán, Jiāhuá. (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyán gàiyào (An introduction to Chinese dialects). Beijing: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎnshè. (袁家驊. 1989. 漢語方言概要. 北京:文字改革出版社.)
External links
Sino-Tibetan branches | |||||
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| Western Himalayas (Himachal, Uttarakhand, Nepal, Sikkim) |
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| Eastern Himalayas (Tibet, Bhutan, Arunachal) | |||||
| Myanmar and Indo-Burmese border |
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| East and Southeast Asia |
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Arunachal ) |
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| Proposed groupings | |||||
| Proto-languages | |||||
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches. | |||||
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forms
- Standard Chinese
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- Literary and colloquial readings
Input
- Biaoxingma
- Boshiamy
- Cangjie
- CKC
- Dayi
- Pinyin
- Stroke count
- Wubi (Wang Ma)
- ZhengMa
forms
| Official |
|---|
- Chinese characters
- Simplified
- Traditional
- Punctuation
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