Jisr ash-Shughur

Coordinates: 35°48′45.3071″N 36°19′3.3791″E / 35.812585306°N 36.317605306°E / 35.812585306; 36.317605306
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Jisr al-Shughur
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Jisr ash-Shughūr
جِسْرُ ٱلشُّغُورِ
Seleucobelus
Jist al-Shughur Subdistrict
Occupation
Elevation
170 m (560 ft)
Population
 • Total44,322

Jisr ash-Shughūr (

Greek Orthodox.[4]

History

Jisr ash-Shughūr has long been an important stopping point on trade routes. It is situated on the main route between

Hellenistic times as the city of Seleucia ad Belum. The Romans called it Niaccuba and built a stone bridge there across the Orontes.[6] During the Crusader era, there was Chastel Rugia to the east, and another two castles, "Qalʻat ash-Shughr" and "Bakās", which formed the complex of ash-Shughr and Bakās to the northwest of Jisr ash-Shughūr, to be used to defend the region,[7] until they were captured by Saladin in 1188.[8]

Corneille le Brun
(Voyage au Levant, 1714)

Little remains of the ancient city other than portions of the much-repaired Roman bridge, which is now incorporated into a 15th-century Mamluk construction that still serves as one of the city's two bridges over the river. The bridge's V-shaped design was intended to enable it to withstand the force of the river's current. Although Jisr ash-Shughūr is mostly of modern construction, a number of old Ottoman-era buildings still survive, including a caravanserai built in the centre of the old town between 1660–75 and later restored in 1826–27.[6][9] The town is referred to in 18th-century European sources as Choug, Shogle or Shoggle (the latter in the Encyclopédie).

During the Ottoman period, the town was often vulnerable to attack from the Kurdish tribes from the

Kemalist insurgency forces from Turkey managed to seize the town from the French.[11]

The city has been described as conservative and predominantly

Baʻth headquarters and set it on fire. The police were unable to restore order and fled. Some demonstrators seized weapons and ammunition from a nearby army barracks. Later that day, units of the Syrian Army Special Forces were helicoptered in from Aleppo to regain control, which they did after pounding the town with rockets and mortars, destroying homes and shops and killing and wounding dozens of people. At least two hundred people were arrested. The following day a military tribunal ordered the execution of more than a hundred of the detainees. In all, about 150–200 people were said to have been killed in a matter of hours.[14][13]

Syrian civil war

The Mujahideen Battalion, a unit of the Free Syrian Army, announces its formation in Jisr ash-Shughūr, March 2012.

Violence broke out in Jisr ash-Shughūr on 4 June 2011, three months into the

the city was captured by an alliance of Salafist insurgents, including al-Qaeda's al-Nusra Front, Ahrar al-Sham,[20][21] and the Turkistan Islamic Party (TIP).[22] The city has become a stronghold of the TIP, and reportedly 3,500 Uyghurs have since settled in the city.[23]

By July 2017, the city was under joint control of Tahrir al-Sham and the Turkistan Islamic Party.[1] Syrian and Russian bombing of the city resumed in September 2017.[24]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jisr ash-Shughur.

References

  1. ^ a b c ""Tahrir al-Sham" denies that "Turkistan" controls Jisr al-Shughur". Enab Baladi. 16 July 2017.
  2. ISBN 9781860642449
    .
  3. ^ "Syria: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population". World Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 5 January 2013. Retrieved 7 June 2011.
  4. ^ "تقرير الطائفة المسيحية في إدلب". 15 April 2010.
  5. ISBN 978-90-04-11772-3
    .
  6. ^
    ISBN 978-1-86064-244-9
    .
  7. ^ "Jisr ash-Shughur, Qalʿat Shugr wa Bekas from the inside". syrian-heritage.org.
  8. ^ "Qalʻat al-Shaghur". syriaphotoguide.com. Archived from the original on 2017-06-12.
  9. ISBN 978-1-900949-90-3
    .
  10. ISBN 2724704118
    .p. 243-258
  11. ISBN 9780691173894
    .p. 249
  12. ^ Has Syria's peaceful uprising turned into an insurrection?, By Nicholas Blanford, / csmonitor.com June 9, 2011
  13. ^
    OCLC 1101180175.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link
    )
  14. ISBN 0-929692-69-1
    .
  15. ^ a b "Syria town of Jisr al-Shughour braces for army assault". BBC News. 7 June 2011. Retrieved 7 June 2011.
  16. ^ "Syria unrest: 'Deadly clashes' in Jisr al-Shughour". Bbc.co.uk. 2011-06-05. Retrieved 2011-06-12.
  17. ^ Chulov, Martin; Hassan, Nidaa (7 June 2011). "Syrian town empties as government tanks mass outside". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 June 2011.
  18. ^ Martin Chulov (18 May 2012). "Syrian security forces set off Damascus bombs blamed on al-Qaida – defectors". London: Guardian. Retrieved 2012-07-11.
  19. ^ "Rebel fighters 'capture' Syrian soldiers". Al Jazeera. 13 October 2012. Archived from the original on 2021-12-15. Retrieved 13 October 2012.
  20. ^ "AFP news agency on Twitter". twitter.com. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  21. ^ "Second Idlib Stronghold Falls to Jabhat al-Nusra and Rebel Forces". Institute for the Study of War. 27 April 2015. Retrieved 28 April 2015.
  22. ^ "Turkistan Islamic Party had significant role in recent Idlib offensive - FDD's Long War Journal". longwarjournal.org. 30 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  23. ^ "If Assad asks, China can deploy troops to Syria". timesofisrael.com. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  24. ^ Suleiman Al-Khalidi Russia, Syria intensify bombing of rebel-held Idlib, witnesses say, Reuters, 24 September 2017
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