Joanna, Duchess of Brabant

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Joanna
Marie d'Évreux

Joanna, Duchess of Brabant (24 June 1322 – 1 December 1406), also known as Jeanne, was a ruling Duchess (Duke) of

Anthony of Burgundy, son of Philip the Bold
.

Life

Joanna was born 24 June 1322, the daughter of

Marie d'Évreux.[2] Her first marriage, in 1334, was to William II, Count of Hainaut (1307–1345),[3]
who subsequently died in battle and their only son William died young, thus foiling the project of unifying their territories.

Joanna's second marriage was to

, Joanna's younger sister, and considered himself Duke of Brabant by right of his wife.

With the Duchy overrun by Louis' forces, Joanna and Wencelaus signed the humiliating Treaty of Ath, which ceded Mechelen and Antwerp to Louis.[4] By August 1356 Joanna and Wencelaus had called upon the Emperor, Charles IV to support them by force of arms. Charles met at Maastricht with the parties concerned, including representatives of the towns, and all agreed to nullify certain terms of the Blijde Inkomst, to satisfy the Luxembourg dynasty. The duchy continued to deteriorate with Wencelaus's defeat and capture at the battle of Baesweiler in 1371.[5]

On Joanna's death, by agreement the Duchy passed to her great-nephew

Antoine, the second son of her niece Margaret III, Countess of Flanders
.

Tomb

1641 drawing of the tomb

Her tomb was not erected in the Carmelite church in Brussels until the late 1450s; it was paid for in 1459 by her sister's great-grandson, Philip the Good. Though it was destroyed in the course of the French Revolutionary Wars, its appearance has been reconstructed from drawings and descriptions by Lorne Campbell,[6] who concluded that the tomb was an afterthought, providing an inexpensive piece of propaganda for Philip's dynastic rights.[7]

See also

  • Dukes of Brabant family tree

References

  1. ^ a b Blockmans & Prevenier 1999, p. 11.
  2. ^ Keane 2016, p. 168.
  3. ^ Vale 2002, p. 194-195.
  4. ^ Richard Vaughan, Philip the Bold, (The Boydell Press, 2009), 80.
  5. ^ Richard Vaughan, Philip the Bold, 80.
  6. ^ Campbell, "The Tomb of Joanna, Duchess of Brabant" Renaissance Studies 2.2, (1988) pp 163-72.
  7. ^ Philip's position is outlined in Robert Stein "Philip the Good and the German Empire. The legitimation of the Burgundian succession to the German principalities", Centre Européen d'Etudes Bourguignonnes 36, 1996.

Sources

  • Blockmans, Willem Pieter; Prevenier, Walter (1999). Peters, Edward (ed.). The Promised Lands: The Low Countries Under Burgundian Rule, 1369-1530. Translated by Fackelman, Elizabeth. University of Pennsylvania Press.
  • JSTOR 24409392
  • Keane, Marguerite (2016). Material Culture and Queenship in 14th-century France: The Testament of Blanche of Navarre (1331-1398). Brill.
  • Vale, Malcolm (2002). The Princely Court: Medieval Courts and Culture in North-West Europe, 1270-1380. Oxford University Press.
Regnal titles
Preceded by Duchess of Brabant
1355–1406
with Wenceslaus (1355–1383)
Succeeded by