John Bertrand Johnson
Bert Johnson | |
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Bell Laboratories |
John Erik Bertrand Johnson (October 2, 1887 – November 27, 1970) (né Johan Erik Bertrand) was a Swedish-born American electrical engineer and physicist. He created the first cathode-ray tube oscilloscope and detailed a fundamental source of random interference with information traveling on wires, now called Johnson-Nyquist noise.
Early life
Johan Erik Bertrand was born in Gothenburg, Sweden on October 2, 1887 to the 20-year old, unmarried Augusta Johansdotte. The family lived in extreme poverty until his uncle John A. Johnson helped them relocated to America. The younger John immigrated to the United States on July 3, 1904 where his uncle arranged for his education.[2] He graduated from the University of North Dakota in 1913, receiving his Masters degree the following year.[3]
Career
Johnson received a PhD in Physics at Yale University in 1917, after which he went to work for
His results were first published in The Physical Review and later the Bell System Technical Journal in 1922.[3] The tool was immediately put to use by electrical engineers, especially those working in radio. This was commercialized by Western Electric in 1924 as the Cathode-Ray Oscillograph[7] and attracted a wide array of interest from the mainstream press when it was used to show the waveforms of recorded voice.[8]
Johnson joined the staff of
Johnson was possibly among the first people to make a working
In 1952, Johnson joined the Edison Laboratory and served as the head of the physics department until 1957.[11][12] He retired, but subsequently joined McGraw-Edison's Instrument division until retiring again in 1969.[4]
Personal Life
In 1919 he married Clara Louisa Conger (d.1961) and in 1961 he married Ruth Marie Severtson Bowden. He had two sons by his first marriage, Bertrand Conger and Alan William. John Bertrand Johnson died aged 83 in Orange, New Jersey, US, on November 27, 1970.
See also
- Johnson–Nyquist noise
- Timeline of thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and random processes
References
- ^ "Franklin Laureate Database - Edward Longstreth Medal 1957 Laureates". Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on December 28, 2013. Retrieved November 23, 2011.
- ^ "James A. Moorer's Noise, Sensitivity and Dynamic Range". www.jamminpower.com. Archived from the original on 2013-01-14.
- ^ a b c Johnson, J. B. (November 1922). "A Low Voltage Cathode Ray Oscillograph". The Bell System Technical Journal. 1 (2): 142–153.
- ^ a b "John B. Johnson, recent Sarnoff Award winner". IEEE Spectrum. 8 (1): 107. January 1971.
- ^ "Applications of the Cathode-Ray Tube in Radio Work". The Physical Review. 14 (3): 266. September 1919.
- ^ "Oscillograph, Cathode-Ray Type". Electrical World. 80 (8): 387. 1922-08-19.
- ^ "Western Electric Cathode Ray Oscillograph Tube". Journal of the Optical Society of America and Review of Scientific Instruments. 9 (6): XXIX. December 1924.
- ^ "Science Now Able to Take Pictures of Human Voice". The Scranton Times. 1924-04-15. p. 30.
- ^ Robert G. Arns, "The other transistor: early history of the metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor," Engineering Science and Education Journal, October 1998
- ^ J. B. Johnson, "More on the solid-state amplifier and Dr. Lilienfeld," Physics Today, May 1964
- ^ "John, Others Honored By Franklin Institute". Electronics. 30 (12): 316. 1957-12-01.
- ^ "Scandinavians in America". The American-Scandinavian Review. 45 (4): 401. December 1957.
External articles and references
- J. B. Johnson, "Thermal Agitation of Electricity in Conductors". The American Physical Society, 1928.
- Federal Standard 1037C and MIL-STD-188