John Bissell Carroll

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
John Bissell Carroll
PhD)
Known for
AwardsE. L. Thorndike Award (1970)
James McKeen Cattell Fellow Award (1998)
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions
Thesis A Factor Analysis of Verbal Abilities  (1941)
Doctoral advisorLouis Leon Thurstone

John Bissell Carroll (June 5, 1916 – July 1, 2003) was an American psychologist known for his contributions to psychology,[1] linguistics[2] and psychometrics.[3]

Early life and education

Carroll was born in Hartford, Connecticut. Early in his life, Carroll became interested in music and language. His interest in language was furthered by his friendship with Benjamin Lee Whorf at the age of thirteen and discussing Whorf's ideas about a close connection between culture and language. Carroll also helped to edit and publish Whorf's Language, Thought and Reality in 1956.[1][4]

Carroll studied at

L. L. Thurstone at the University of Chicago, where he was able to pursue his interest in psychometrics. During this time, he focused his studies on verbal aptitude and completed his dissertation, “A Factor Analysis of Verbal Abilities”, in 1941.[1][3]

Career

After finishing his education, Carroll's first position was at

Department of the Army, (1946–49) and the Educational Testing Service (1967–74).[1][3]

Contributions

One of Carroll's early projects in the 1950s involved developing a test of

Carnegie Corporation and worked with Stanley Sapon and the US Army-Air Force to develop the MLAT.[5] The MLAT was first published in 1959 by The Psychological Corporation and was still sometimes used as of 2004.[6]

In his paper "Fundamental considerations in testing for English language proficiency of foreign students", published in 1961, Carroll challenged the language testing field's reliance on

TOEFL, which combined both discrete-point and integrative methods for the assessment.[3]

In 1962, Carroll presented his Model of School Learning. In the model, Carroll defined a hypothetical framework used to predict achievement in schools. The framework was made up of two kinds of variables: individual differences and instructional variables. Individual differences related to general intelligence, aptitudes and motivation while instructional variables related to instructional quality and duration.[7]

Carroll's 800-page work,

Three Stratum Theory
.

In 1994, he was one of 52 signatories on

Wall Street Journal as a response to what the authors viewed as inaccurate and misleading reports made by the media regarding academic consensus on the results of intelligence research in the wake of the appearance of The Bell Curve earlier the same year.[8]

Selected publications

Selected from over 400 books and articles.

See also

References

  1. ^
    PMID 14736320
    .
  2. ISBN 9781405194730
  3. ^ a b c d Stansfield, Charles W. “Carroll, John Bissell.” Concise Encyclopedia of Educational Linguistics. Ed. B. Spolsky. Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier, 1999.
  4. OCLC 54356302.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link
    )
  5. ^ "Language Proficiency Test Services for Business" (PDF). Berlitz. Archived from the original on July 17, 2006.
  6. ^ Stansfield, Charles W. and Daniel J. Reed. The Story Behind the Modern Language Aptitude Test: An Interview With John B. Carroll (1916-2003). Language Assessment Quarterly 1.1 (2004): 43-56.
  7. S2CID 21275378
    .
  8. Wall Street Journal
    , p A18.

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Bissell_Carroll&oldid=1219037952"