John Buscema
John Buscema | |
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Eisner Award Hall of Fame, 2002 |
John Buscema (/bjuːˈsɛmə/ bew-SEM-ə;[1] born Giovanni Natale Buscema, Italian: [dʒoˈvanni naˈtaːle buʃˈʃɛːma]; December 11, 1927 – January 10, 2002)[2] was an American comic book artist and one of the mainstays of Marvel Comics during its 1960s and 1970s ascendancy into an industry leader and its subsequent expansion to a major pop-culture conglomerate. His younger brother Sal Buscema is also a comic book artist.
Buscema is best known for his run on the series
He was inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2002.[3]
Biography
Early life and career
Born in
Buscema graduated from
His first recorded credit is penciling the four-page story "Till Crime Do You Part" in Timely's Lawbreakers Always Lose #3 (Aug. 1948).
1950s
Buscema married in 1953.
Buscema's mid-1950s work includes Dell Comics' Roy Rogers Comics #74–91 (Feb. 1954 – July 1955) and subsequent Roy Rogers and Trigger #92–97 and #104–108 (Aug. 1955 – Jan. 1956 & Aug.–Dec. 1956); and the Charlton Comics series Ramar of the Jungle and Nature Boy — the latter, Buscema's first superhero work, with a character created by himself and Superman co-creator Jerry Siegel.[13]
Buscema next produced a series of
He drew at least one issue of the radio, film, and TV character the
During a late 1950s downturn in the comics industry, Buscema drew occasional
1960s
Buscema spent approximately eight years in the commercial-art field, freelancing for the Chaite Agency[Note 1] and the studio Triad, doing a variety of assignments: layouts, storyboards, illustrations, paperback book covers, etc. in a variety of media. Buscema called this time "quite a learning period for me in my own development of techniques".[18]
He returned to comic books in 1966 as a regular freelance penciller for Marvel Comics, debuting over Jack Kirby layouts on the "Nick Fury, Agent of S.H.I.E.L.D." story in Strange Tales #150 (Nov. 1966), followed by three "Hulk" stories in Tales to Astonish #85–87 (Nov. 1966 – Jan. 1967).[13] He then settled in as regular penciller of The Avengers, which would become one of his signature series, with #41 (June 1967). Avengers #49–50, featuring Hercules and inked by Buscema, are two of his "best-looking [issues] of that period", said comics historian and one-time Marvel editor-in-chief Roy Thomas, who wrote those issues.[19] Thomas and Buscema introduced new versions of the Black Knight[20] and the Vision[21] during their collaboration on The Avengers.
In order to adapt to the Marvel Comics style of superhero adventure, Buscema "synthesized the essence of [Jack] Kirby's supercharged action figures, harrowing perspectives, monolithic structures, mega-force explosions, and mythological planetscapes into a formula that he instantly integrated into his own superbly crafted vision," wrote comics artist and historian Jim Steranko. "The process brought Buscema's art to life in a way that it had never been before. Anatomically balanced figures of Herculean proportions stalked, stormed, sprawled, and savaged their way across Marvel's universe like none had previously".[22]
Buscema would pencil an average of two comics a month in collaboration with such inkers as George Klein, Frank Giacoia, Dan Adkins, Joe Sinnott, his younger brother Sal Buscema, Tom Palmer, and, occasionally, Marvel production manager and sometime inker-cartoonist John Verpoorten. John Buscema named Frank Giacoia, Sal Buscema, and Tom Palmer as his favorite inkers.[23]
Among Buscema's works during this period fans and historians call the
In August 1968, Buscema and Stan Lee launched a new title, The
Toward the end of the decade, Buscema drew some fill-in issues of superhero series and returned to familiar 1950s genres with a spate of supernatural mystery stories in Chamber of Darkness and Tower of Shadows, and romance tales in My Love and Our Love. He then returned to his signature series The Avengers for 11 issues inked by Tom Palmer.[13]
1970s
The creative team of Roy Thomas and John Buscema introduced new characters such as
Marvel editor-in-chief Stan Lee, who collaborated with Buscema on many stories up to this time, wrote,
One thing I loved about Big John is the fact that I didn't have to spend time writing synopses for him. ... He'd always growl over the phone, 'Don't bother sending me any outlines, Stan. I hate to waste time reading them. Just tell what you've got in mind over the phone. I'll remember it.' So I'd tell him the story I wanted, and I have a hunch he didn't even write any notes while I spoke — because I spoke too fast — but it didn't matter. He remembered every last detail and the stories always came out perfect — at least as far as I was concerned.[35]
Buscema began penciling Conan the Barbarian with #25 (April 1973) following Barry Smith's celebrated run, and debuted as the Conan artist of the black-and-white comics-magazine omnibus Savage Sword of Conan with issue #1 (Aug. 1974). He would eventually contribute to more than 100 issues of each title,[13] giving him one of the most prolific runs for an artist on a single character. He additionally drew the Conan Sunday and daily syndicated newspaper comic strip upon its premiere in 1978,[36] and even contributed some storyboard illustrations for the 1982 Conan movie,[37] as well as painting four covers for the Conan magazines. In 2010, Comics Bulletin ranked Buscema's work on Conan the Barbarian seventh on its list of the "Top 10 1970s Marvels".[38]
For about ten years, he would produce an average three to four books' worth of pencils a month, such as
Buscema contributed as well to Marvel's black-and-white comics magazines, including the features "
Buscema left the Thor title for a time to launch the Marvel version of the
In 1978, small-press publisher Sal Quartuccio released The Art of John Buscema,[44] a retrospective that included an interview, previously unpublished sketches and drawings, and a cover that was also sold as a poster.
Buscema capped off the decade penciling writer Doug Moench's three-issue Weirdworld epic-fantasy tale "Warriors of the Shadow Realm" in Marvel Super Special #11–13 (June–Oct. 1979).[13] Pacific Comics released an accompanying portfolio of six signed, colored plates from the story.[45]
Teaching
In the mid-1970s, Buscema ran the John Buscema Art School, which advertised for students in the pages of many Marvel titles. Stan Lee made appearances as a guest lecturer at Buscema's school, and some of the school's graduates (including Bob Hall and Bruce Patterson)[46] went on to become professional cartoonists. Buscema later said that teaching the class was "very gratifying" but that having to make the 60-mile drive after a day's work was too exhausting, and ultimately forced him to give it up.[47] Buscema then collaborated with Lee on the book How to Draw Comics the Marvel Way (Marvel Fireside Books, 1978), a primer on comic book art and storytelling based on the comic art classes Buscema had given a few years prior,[47] and has remained in print for over 25 years,[48] in its 33rd printing as of 2007.
1980s
After drawing the first issue of The Savage
He continued to tackle other high-profile projects such as a Silver Surfer story for
He left King Conan in 1982 after nine issues, although he remained with Marvel's Robert E. Howard franchise with a revival of the Kull series for 10 issues, and left The Savage Sword of Conan in 1984 with #101 with a series of stories that he plotted himself. After pencilling the Conan the Destroyer movie adaptation in 1984 and the Conan of the Isles graphic novel in 1987, he left Conan the Barbarian with #190 in 1987, ending a 14-year association with the character.[13]
After nearly five years away from superheroes, except for the first two issues of the X-Men-related, four-issue miniseries Magik (Dec. 1983 – March 1984), Buscema returned to familiar ground as regular penciller on The Avengers from #255–300 (May 1985 – Feb. 1989). He was regular penciller on Fantastic Four for its 300th issue, during a 15-issue stint from #296–309 (Nov. 1986 – Dec. 1987). Additionally, he fit in the three-issue film adaptation
Buscema reteamed with Lee on the Silver Surfer himself with the 1988 graphic novel Silver Surfer: Judgment Day, self-inked and done entirely as full-page panels.[52] That year he and inker Klaus Janson drew a Wolverine solo feature in the biweekly anthology Marvel Comics Presents, followed by self-inked Wolverine series in that title. He pencilled the first 14 issues (Nov. 1988 – mid-Nov. 1989) of the first Wolverine ongoing series, self-inked on #7–8.[13] Bill Sienkiewicz, who inked the last five issues of that run, recalled Buscema's pencil work as "the sturdiest foundation an inker or an embellisher could possibly hope to build on, and their beauty was not in their attention to fastidiously rendered minutiae, but instead were marvels of deceptive simplicity. Each page an example of grace, elegance and power."[53]
Later career
Buscema began his sixth decade in the field by joining Roy Thomas for a return to The Savage Sword of Conan with #191 (Nov. 1991) for a 20-issue run. Conan the Rogue, a graphic novel Buscema plotted, pencilled, inked, and colored over a period of five years in his spare time appeared that same year.[54][55] He both penciled and inked the graphic novel Wolverine: Bloody Choices (Nov. 1993).[13]
Buscema returned to
Buscema worked with DC Comics for the first time in 2000, initially doing both pencils and inks on a "Batman Black and White" short story in Batman: Gotham Knights #7 (Sept. 2000). He reunited with Stan Lee on the 2001 one-shot Just Imagine Stan Lee and John Buscema Creating Superman.[13]
He finished the pencils on 2003's Superman: Blood of my Ancestors, begun by Gil Kane, who had since died, and had just signed on for a five-issue miniseries with Roy Thomas, JLA: Barbarians,[13] though he died after finishing the first issue.[56][57]
An 11 x 17-inch
Buscema's passion for drawing was such that he continued to draw and sketch in his spare time, often on the back of comic book art pages, and these images form a considerable body of work in their own right. His brother Sal Buscema recalled,
This guy used to eat, sleep and breathe drawing. It didn't matter what was going on around him. He would get bored with it and start sketching. ... He just couldn't stop drawing. [His back-of-board sketches were] better than some of the stuff that he did on the front. ... He'd get a spark of inspiration and turn the page over and draw whatever was in his skull.[59]
Personal life
Buscema, who lived in
Cancer and death
Buscema was diagnosed with stomach cancer, and died on January 10, 2002, at the age of 74.[56][57] He was buried with an artist's pen in his hand.[58]
Awards
- 1968: The Silver Surfer #1: "Origin of the Silver Surfer", by Stan Lee and John Buscema (tied with DC Comics' The Brave and the Bold #79: "Track of the Hook", by Bob Haney and Neal Adams): also Best New Strip for The Silver Surfer.[61]
- 1969: Alley Award for Best Full-Length Story for The Silver Surfer #5: "... And Who Shall Mourn for Him?", by Stan Lee, John Buscema, and Sal Buscema.[62]
- 1974: Shazam Award for Best Penciller (Dramatic Division).[63]
- 1977: Eagle Award for Favourite Single Comicbook Story for Howard the Duck #3: "Four Feathers of Death", with Steve Gerber.[64]
- 1978: Inkpot Award[65]
- 1997: "Author that We Loved" award at the Spanish Haxtur Awards.[66]
- 2002: Inducted into the Eisner Award Hall of Fame.[67]
In 2002,[68] Spain's Haxtur Awards inaugurated the Special John Buscema Award.
Bibliography
DC Comics
- Batman Gotham Knights (Batman Black and White) #7 (2000)
- Just Imagine Stan Lee with John Buscema Creating Superman, one-shot, (2001)
- Superman: Blood of My Ancestors, one-shot, (with Gil Kane) (2003, posthumous)
Dell Comics
- Four Color #684: Helen of Troy (1956), #762: The Sharkfighters; #775: Sir Lancelot and Brian, #794: The Count of Monte Cristo, #910: The Vikings, #927: Luke Short's Top Gun (adapted from novel Test Pit by Luke Short), #944: The 7th Voyage of Sinbad, #1006: Hercules, #1077, 1130: The Deputy, #1139: Spartacus (1956–1960)
Marvel Comics
- All-True Crime Cases #32 (1949)
- Black Widow) (1970)
- The Amazing Spider-Man #72–73, 76–81 (layouts only); #84–85 (1969–1970)
- Amazing Spider-Man 1999 #1 (1999)
- The Punisher Meets Archie #1 (with Stan Goldberg) (1994)
- Astonishing Tales #9, 12 (Ka-Zar) (1971–1972)
- The Avengers #41–44, 46–47, 49–62, 74–77, 79–85, 94, 97, 105, 121, 124–125, 152–153, 255–279, 281–300, Annual #2 (backup story), 23 (1967–1989), #385 (with Mike Deodato) (1995)
- Bizarre Adventures #27, 29–30 (1981–1982)
- Captain America #115, 217 (1969–1978)
- Captain Britain #24–30 (Marvel UK) (1977)
- Captain Marvel #18 (with Gil Kane) (1969)
- Chamber of Darkness #1, 3 (1969–1970)
- Conan the Barbarian #25–36, 38–39, 41–56, 58–63, 65–68, 70–78, 84–86, 88–91, 93–126, 136, 140–144, 146–153, 155–159, 161–163, 165–179, 181–185, 187–190; Annual #2, 4, 5, 7 (1973–1987)
- Conan the Barbarian Movie Special #1–2 (1982)
- Conan the Destroyer #1–2 (1984)
- Conan the Savage #10 (1996)
- Conan: Death Covered in Gold #1–3 (1999)
- Cosmic Powers Unlimited #2–3 (1995)
- Cowboy Romances #1–3 (1949–1950)
- Crazy Magazine #2 (1974)
- Crimefighters #4–5, 7–8, 10 (1948–1949)
- Daredevil #136–137, 219 (1976–1985)
- Deadly Hands of Kung FuAnnual #1 (1974)
- Deathlok vol. 3 #10 (2000)
- Doc Savage, vol. 2, #1, 3 (1975–1976)
- Doom 2099 #39–40 (1996)
- Dracula Lives#3, 6 (1973–1974)
- Epic Illustrated #1 (Silver Surfer), #9, 11–13 (1980–1982)
- Faithful #1–2 (1949–1950)
- Fantastic Four #107–130, 132, 134–141, 160, 173–175, 202, 296–309, 416, Annual #11, Giant-Size #2, 4 (1971–1996)
- Fantastic Four 2099 #2 (1996)
- Francis, Brother of the Universe #1 (1980)
- Frankenstein #7–10 (1973–1974)
- Galactus The Devourer, miniseries, #2–6 (1999–2000)
- Giant-Size Super-Villain Team-Up #1 (1975)
- Girl Comics #1 (1949)
- Howard the Duck #3 (1976)
- Howard the Duck vol. 2 (1980)
- Hulk! #23 (1980)
- Justice #13 (1949)
- Ka-Zar #6–10 (1974–1975)
- King Conan #1–9, 17 (1980–1983)
- Kull the Conqueror, vol. 2, #1–3, 5–7, 9–10 (1982–1985)
- Lawbreakers Always Lose #3, 5, 9 (1948–1949)
- Lorna, the Jungle Queen #1 (1953)
- Love Trails #1 (1949)
- Lovers #30 (1950)
- Magik #1–2 (1983–1984)
- Man Comics #3–4 (1950)
- Man-Thing #12–13, 16 Giant-Size #2, 5 (1973–1974)
- Marvel Age Annual #4 (1988)
- Marvel Comics Presents #1–10, 38–47 (Wolverine) (1988–1990)
- Marvel Comics Super Special #1–2, 9, 11–13, 18, 21, 35, 40 (1977–1986)
- Marvel Fanfare #51, 53 (1990)
- Marvel Graphic Novel: Conan of the Isles SC (1989)
- Marvel Graphic Novel: Conan the Rogue SC (1991)
- Marvel Preview #22–23 (1980)
- Marvel Spotlight #30 (1976)
- Marvel Treasury Edition #23 (1979)
- Marvel Two-in-One #30 (1977)
- Marvel Tales #39 (1972)
- Master of Kung Fu #27 (1975)
- Mephisto#1–4 (1987)
- Monsters Unleashed #1–2, 4–5 (1973–1974)
- Ms. Marvel #1–3 (1977)
- My Love #1–7, 10, 18 (1969–1972)
- My Own Romance #67 (1959)
- Nova #1–2, 21 (1976–1978)
- Our Love Story #1–3, 5–7, 9, 16 (1969–1972)
- Punisher: A Man Named Frank #1 (1994)
- The Punisher War Zone #23–30, Annual #1 (1993–1994)
- The Rampaging Hulk #1 (1977)
- Rangeland Love #1 (1949)
- Red Sonja #12–13, 15 (1978–1979)
- Romances of the West #1–2 (1949–1950)
- Rune/Silver Surfer #1 (1995)
- Savage She-Hulk #1 (1980)
- Savage Sword of Conan #1–5, 7, 10–13, 15–24, 26–28, 30–36, 38–43, 45, 47–58, 60–67, 70–74, 76–81, 87–88, 90–93, 95–96, 98–101, 190–200, 202–210, 222, 225, 234–235 (1974–1995)
- Savage Tales #1, 6–8 (Ka-Zar) (1971–1975)
- Savage Tales vol. 2 #6 (1986)
- Shadows & Light #3 (1998)
- Silver Surfer #1–17 (1968–1970)
- Silver Surfer vol. 3 #110 (1995)
- Silver Surfer: Judgment Day graphic novel (1988)
- The Spectacular Spider-Man #121 (among other artists) (1986)
- Squadron Supreme #7 (1986)
- Strange Tales #68, 150, 174 (1959–1974)
- Sub-Mariner #1–8, 20, 24 (1968–1970)
- Suspense #4 (1950)
- Tales of Suspense #1 (1959)
- Tales of the Zombie #1 (1973)
- Tales to Astonish #2; #85–87 (Hulk) (1959–1967)
- Tarzan #1–18, Annual #1 (1977–1978)
- Tex Morgan #4–7 (1949)
- Thor #178, 182–213, 215–226, 231–238, 241–253, 256–259, 272–278, 283–285, Annual #5, 8, 13 (1970–1985); #490 (1995)
- Thor vol. 2 #9 (1999)
- The Tomb of Dracula vol. 2 #4–5 (1980)
- Tower of Shadows#1–2 (1969)
- True Adventures #3 (1950)
- True Life Tales #1 (1949)
- True Secrets #3 (1950)
- Two Gun Western #5 (1950)
- 'Western Outlaws and Sheriffs #60, 62 (1949–1950)
- Western Winners #5 (1949)
- What If #13 (Conan); 15 (Nova) (1979)
- Wild Western #7–8 (1949)
- Wolverine #1–8, 10–16, 25, 27 (1988–1990)
- Wolverine: Bloody Choices SC (1991)
- Worlds Unknown #4 (1973)
- X-Men #42–43, 45 (1968) (cover-art only)
- Young Men #4–5 (1950)
Simon & Schuster
- ISBN 978-0671530778
Notes
- one-sheet for the James Bond movie Thunderball, per "Exhibitions & Events: 'Poster Galore'". British Film Institute. Archived from the originalon February 4, 2010.
- ^ Also called The Mighty Thor per "Thor (I) • The Mighty Thor (I) (1966–1996)". Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators.
Series is named Thor in the indicia [copyright] information, but most covers have the title [trademark] The Mighty Thor.
References
- ^ How To Draw Comics The Marvel Way part=1. Event occurs at 1:34 – via YouTube.[dead YouTube link]
- ^ Social Security Number108-20-9641.
- ^ "2002 Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards". Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Archived from the original on April 20, 2010.
- ^ Crepaldi, Silvia (March 2017). "Tina Colombo racconta suo zio John Buscema, disegnatore per la Marvel / Tina Colombo talks about her uncle, Marvel illustrator John Buscema". Freetime (in Italian). p. 97. Archived from the original on April 7, 2017. Retrieved 2017-04-07.
Mio nonno Giovanni ... sposò mia nonna Concetta, pozzallese e si trasferì a Pozzallo dove faceva il barbiere. Emigrò in America come tanti, ma partì solo ... / My grandfather Giovanni ... married my grandmother Concetta and moved to Pozzallo where he was a barber. He emigrated to America like so many others ...
- ^ a b Quartuccio, Sal; Keenan, Bob (1978). The Art of John Buscema. New York, New York: Sal Q Productions. p. Preface.
- ISBN 1-887591-18-4.
- ^ Spurlock, p. 27
- ^ Irving, Christoper (August 2002). "The Life of Legendary 'Big' John Buscema". Comic Book Artist (21). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 5–B.
- ^ "John Buscema". Lambiek Comiclopedia. December 28, 2007. Archived from the original on February 19, 2014.
- ISBN 978-0756641238.
After answering a newspaper ad, John Buscema was hired by editor Stan Lee to be a staff artist.
- ^ a b Steranko, Jim, in Spurlock, p. 5
- ISBN 978-1893905450.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x John Buscema at the Grand Comics Database Buscema/sort/chrono/ Archived from the original December 5, 2011.
- ^ Quartuccio, Preface
- ^ Peel, John (September–October 1984). "John Buscema". Comics Feature (31).
- ^ Life Stories of American Presidents #1 (Nov. 1957) at the Grand Comics Database
- ^ a b Steranko, p. 6
- ^ Spurlock, p. 35
- ^ Thomas, Roy (June 2002). "'Big John' & 'Roy the Boy'". Alter Ego. 3 (15). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 5 (Conan cover side of flip-book magazine).
- ^ DeFalco, Tom "1960s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 128
- ^ DeFalco "1960s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 132: "The new Vision, drawn by John Buscema, was a synthezoid – an android with synthetic human organs – who could control his density and discharge blasts of solar energy."
- ^ Steranko, in Spurlock, pp. 6–7
- ^ Cooke, Jon B. (January 1998). "John Buscema Interview". The Jack Kirby Collector (18). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing. Archived from the original on December 4, 2010. Retrieved November 25, 2008.
- ^ Thomas, Roy (June 2002). "Drawing Was His Life!". Alter Ego. 3 (15): 31 (Buscema self-portrait cover side of flip-book magazine).
- ISBN 978-0756692360.
In this tale written by [Stan] Lee and drawn by the team of John Buscema and Jim Mooney, window washer Hobie Brown became fed up with his dead-end job and used his inventive mind to craft the identity and weapons of the Prowler.
- ^ DeFalco "1960s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 131: "When Stan Lee was told to expand the Marvel line, he immediately gave the Surfer his own title ... Since Jack Kirby had more than enough assignments, Lee assigned John Buscema the task of illustrating the new book."
- ISBN 978-0671221669.
- ISBN 9780810938212.
- ^ DeFalco, Tom (August 2002). "Memories of Brother John". Comic Book Artist (21). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 34-B (caption).
- ^ DeFalco "1960s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 133: "Created by editor Stan Lee and artist John Buscema, Mephisto hated the Surfer the moment he became aware of him."
- ^ Sanderson, Peter "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 145
- ^ Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 146: "Red Wolf was Marvel's first Native American super hero."
- ^ Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 148
- ^ Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 146: Amazing Adventures contained a series about the genetically enhanced Inhumans and a series about intelligence agent the Black Widow ... writer Gary Friedrich and artist John Buscema teamed up for the adventures of the Black Widow, the former Russian spy turned American superhero."
- ^ Irving, p. 6B
- ^ Thomas, "'Big John'", p. 14
- ^ Thomas, "'Big John'", p. 15
- ^ Sacks, Jason (September 6, 2010). "Top 10 1970s Marvels". Comics Bulletin. Archived from the original on August 1, 2013. Retrieved August 3, 2013.
- ^ Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 176: "Seeking to create a new teenage Marvel super hero in the tradition of Spider-Man, writer Marv Wolfman and artist John Buscema presented Richard Rider, alias Nova."
- ^ Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 179: "Writer Roy Thomas and artist John Buscema created Marvel's new Tarzan series, based on author Edgar Rice Burroughs' character."
- ^ Abramowitz, Jack (December 2012). "The Secrets of Oz Revealed". Back Issue! (61). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 29–32.
- ISBN 978-0-7566-6742-9.
The Yellow Brick Road from Munchkin Land to the Emerald City was also wide enough to accommodate DC and Marvel as they produced their first-ever joint publication ... Roy Thomas scripted a faithful, seventy-two page adaptation of Dorothy Gale's adventure, while John Buscema's artwork depicted the landscape of Oz in lavish detail.
- ^ Bails, Jerry; Ware, Hames. "Buscema, John". Who's Who in American Comic Books 1929–1999. BailsProjects.com. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011.
- ^ "Quartuccio, Sal". East Lansing, Michigan: Michigan State University Libraries, Special Collections Division, Reading Room Index to the Comic Art Collection: "Qualities" to "Quartz". Archived from the original on August 13, 2011. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
- ^ Maillot, Michael. "The John Buscema Checklist". Mike.Jersey.free.fr (fan site). Archived from the original on July 20, 2011.
- ^ "Cables of Champions", Champions #10 (Marvel Comics, Jan. 1977).
- ^ Fictioneer Books. p. 25.
- ^ Spurlock, pp. 19–20
- ^ DeFalco "1980s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 197: "With the help of artist John Buscema, [Stan] Lee created Jennifer Walters, the cousin of Bruce Banner."
- ^ Manning, Matthew K. "1980s" in Dolan, p. 194: "In an oversized treasury edition carrying a hefty $2.50 price tag, the Man of Steel paired for the second time with Marvel's iconic web-slinger ... The issue came together thanks to the script of writer Jim Shooter, a bit of plotting assistance by Marv Wolfman, the pencils of longtime Marvel luminary John Buscema, and a veritable fleet of inkers."
- ^ Greenberg, Glenn (December 2012). "Tabloid Team-Ups The Giant-Size DC-Marvel Crossovers". Back Issue! (61). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 33–40.
- ISBN 978-0871354273.
- ^ Sienkiewicz, Bill; et al. (August 2002). "Remembering Buscema: Over 25 of the Master's Peers Reminisce about John and his Art". Comic Book Artist (21). Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing: 22B.
- ^ Thomas, "'Big John'", pp. 16–17
- ^ Conan the Rogue at the Grand Comics Database
- ^ a b c Nash, Eric (January 28, 2002). "John Buscema, 74, Who Drew Classic Comic Book Characters". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 11, 2012.
- ^ a b Gravett, Paul (April 16, 2002). "John Buscema Illustrator whose pen made superheroes masters of the universe". The Guardian. London, UK. Archived from the original on February 5, 2010.
- ^ a b David, Peter (2002). "Big Bad John". Comics Buyer's Guide. Reprinted in David, Peter (2009). More Digressions: A New Collection of "But I Digress" Columns. Des Moines, Iowa: Mad Norwegian Press.
- ^ Sal Buscema quoted in DeFalco, "Memories", p. 35-B
- ^ The Art of Stephanie Buscema (official site). WebCite archive.
- ^ "1968 Alley Awards". Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Archived from the original on October 24, 2013.
- ^ "1969 Alley Awards". Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Archived from the original on October 24, 2013.
- ^ "1974 Academy of Comic Book Arts Awards". Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Archived from the original on December 12, 2013.
- Eagle Awards. 2013. Archived from the originalon October 23, 2013. Retrieved November 3, 2013.
- ^ "Inkpot Award Winners". Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Archived from the original on July 9, 2012.
- ^ "1997 Haxtur Awards". Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Archived from the original on December 29, 2013.
- The Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards. 2014. Archivedfrom the original on February 21, 2014.
- ^ "2002 Haxtur Awards". Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Archived from the original on December 29, 2013.
Further reading
- Comic Book Artist #21 (Aug. 2002): "Remembering John Buscema: A CBA Tribute", pp. 3B-39B
- Big John Buscema, Palma de Mallorca: Ajuntament de Palma, 2009. ISBN 978-84-87159-38-1
External links
- Fantagraphics Books. Archived from the originalon 9 November 2000. Retrieved 24 April 2017.
- "The Silver Age Marvel Comics Cover Index: John Buscema" at the Wayback Machine (archived December 5, 2001), Samcci.comics.org: Silver Age Cover Gallery, Retrieved on 2008-11-26; original site unresponsive 2008-12-02; from the Internet Archive
- John Buscema at the Comic Book DB (archived from the original)
- John Buscema at IMDb
- John Buscema at Mike's Amazing World of Comics
- John Buscema at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators
Audio/video
- "Drawing Superheroes (1 of 3)". YouTube. December 9, 2007