John Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden
The Lord Howard de Walden | |
---|---|
Knight Companion of the Order of the Bath |
Field Marshal John Griffin Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden, KB (13 March 1719 – 25 May 1797) was a British Army officer, politician and peer. He served as a junior officer with the Pragmatic Army in the Dutch Republic and Germany during the War of the Austrian Succession. After changing his surname to Griffin in 1749, he commanded a brigade at the Battle of Corbach in July 1760 during the Seven Years' War. He also commanded a brigade at the Battle of Warburg and was wounded at the Battle of Kloster Kampen.[1]
Early life
He was born John Griffin Whitwell, the son of William Whitwell by his wife Anne Griffin, sister and sole heiress of Edward Griffin, 3rd Baron Griffin of Braybrooke, and granddaughter of James Howard, 3rd Earl of Suffolk and 3rd Baron Howard de Walden (1619–1689).[3]
Career
Whitwell was educated at Winchester College and commissioned as an ensign in the 3rd regiment of Foot Guards and lieutenant in the Army in 1739.[3] He served with the Pragmatic Army in the Low Countries and Germany during the War of the Austrian Succession and was promoted to captain in his regiment and lieutenant colonel in the Army in March 1744.[4]
Whitwell's aunt
Griffin commanded a brigade of at least four battalions at the Battle of Corbach in July 1760 during the Seven Years' War.[8] At Corbach, following the arrival of French reinforcements from Frankenberg, the allied army was forced to withdraw.[9] He also commanded a brigade at the Battle of Warburg later that month where the allied army were more successful.[4] He was present and wounded at the Battle of Kloster Kampen in October 1760.[10]
Griffin was appointed
Pitt arranged for the Barony of Howard de Walden to be called out of abeyance in Griffin's favour, so elevating him to the House of Lords, on 3 August 1784[15] and for Griffin to be appointed Lord Lieutenant of Essex in November 1784.[3] Griffin became colonel of the 4th Dragoons in March 1788, was additionally created 1st Baron Braybrooke on 30 August 1788[16] and was promoted to field marshal on 30 July 1796.[17] He died on 25 May 1797.[18]
Family
In 1749 he married Anna Maria Schutz and in 1765 he married Catherine Clayton; there were no children from either marriage.[3]
References
- ^ Rapson, Edward James (1890). Stephen, Leslie; Lee, Sidney (eds.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 23. London: Smith, Elder & Co. . In
- ^ a b Debrett, J., The Peerage of England, Scotland, and Ireland: The peerage of England, London, 1790, p.395 [1] as visible in Audley End House, Essex [2]
- ^ required.)
- ^ a b c d e Heathcote, p. 153
- ^ Deed Poll Office: Private Act of Parliament 1748 (22 Geo. 2). c. 2
- ^ "No. 9789". The London Gazette. 6 May 1758. p. 2.
- ^ "No. 9930". The London Gazette. 11 September 1759. p. 1.
- ^ The Manuscripts of His Grace, the Duke of Rutland, Vol. II, London 1889, p. 209, these are 4 of the "...six battalions-1,000 men each..." mentioned. Manners, Walter Evelyn, Some Account of the Military, Political, and Social Life of the Right Hon. John Manners Marquis of Granby, London, 1899, Macmillan and Company Ltd., p. 131, note 5: "...Carr's, Brudenell's, Hodgson's, Cornwallis'
- ^ The Manuscripts of His Grace, the Duke of Rutland, Vol. II, London 1889, p. 219
- ^ "Griffin, John Griffin (1719–97), of Audley End, Essex". History of Parliament. Retrieved 5 July 2014.
- ^ "No. 10094". The London Gazette. 7 April 1761. p. 2.
- ^ "Audley End, Saffron Walden, Essex: Monument to Elizabeth, Countess of Portsmouth, commissioned by Sir John Griffin Griffin Bt (later 4th Lord Howard de Walden), c1763, unexecuted (3)". Sir John Soane's Museum. Retrieved 5 July 2014.
- ^ "No. 10507". The London Gazette. 23 March 1765. p. 1.
- ^ "No. 11865". The London Gazette. 11 April 1778. p. 1.
- ^ "No. 12566". The London Gazette. 3 August 1784. p. 2.
- ^ "No. 13020". The London Gazette. 26 August 1788. p. 413.
- ^ "No. 13918". The London Gazette. 2 August 1796. p. 743.
- ^ Heathcote, p. 154
Sources
- Heathcote, Tony (1999). The British Field Marshals, 1736–1997: A Biographical Dictionary. Barnsley: Leo Cooper. ISBN 0-85052-696-5.
- Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. .