John Hearne (lawyer)

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John Hearne
Academic

John Joseph Hearne (Irish: Seán Ó hEathirn; 1 June 1893 – 29 March 1969[1]) was an Irish barrister, academic and diplomat who was referred to as "Ireland's Thomas Jefferson" for his role in the drafting of the 1937 Constitution of Ireland. He was also the first Ambassador of Ireland to the United States.[2]

Early life

Hearne was the youngest son of Alderman Richard Hearne, a member of the

parish priest in Cahir, County Tipperary
.

He attended

Maynooth College after a year. In Maynooth, he completed a BA degree in Arts and Philosophy from National University of Ireland, later enrolling in a Theology Degree which he did not complete. He left in 1916 having decided not to become a priest, and studied for the degree of barrister at law at the King's Inns.[3]
He also studied law at University College Dublin, where he was awarded an LLB Degree.

Career

Legal career

In 1937, during the government of Éamon de Valera, he was working as a legal expert in the Department of External Affairs when de Valera called on him to assist in the writing of the new Irish constitution, which would replace the 1922 Constitution of the Irish Free State.[4][5] With Maurice Moynihan, Hearne drew up the first draft of the constitution; according to Moynihan, Hearne had been instrumental in convincing de Valera that a new constitution was necessary in the first place.[6] The exact role of Hearne is not evident from the remaining documents; it is not clear who actually wrote the first draft,[7] and according to the Irish historian John Joseph Lee, "Much remains to be uncovered about the planning and drafting of the constitution, including not least the roles of John Hearne, the legal adviser to External Affairs, and of Maurice Moynihan."[8]

Diplomatic career

After his legal career, Hearne filled a number of diplomatic positions. In 1939, he was appointed

U.S. President at the White House on St Patrick's Day.[10] In 1954, he gave the commencement address at Boston College, and on that occasion was awarded with an honorary degree.[11] In 1960, after retiring from the diplomatic service, he became a legislative consultant to Nigeria and Ghana, which had recently acquired independence, albeit within the Commonwealth.[2]

He died in Dublin in 1969. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the Irish constitution, Hearne's birthplace (8 William Street in Waterford) was marked with a tribute.[2]

A bust of Hearne by Elizabeth O'Kane was unveiled in his native Waterford on 3 July 2017 on the 80th anniversary of the constitution. There is a replica in the Irish Embassy, Washington, D.C., and a replica stands in the garden of Iveagh House, headquarters of the Irish Department of Foreign Affairs.[12][13]

A biography of Hearne, "John Hearne: Architect of the 1937 Constitution of Ireland" by Eugene Broderick was published in 2017.

References

  1. ^ https://www.ucd.ie/t4cms/p0291-hearne-john-descriptive-catalogue.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  2. ^ a b c d "Waterford honours famous diplomat John Hearne". The Waterford News & Star. 22 June 2007. Archived from the original on 28 March 2012. Retrieved 9 September 2011.
  3. ISBN 978-0-389-20803-7
    .
  4. ISBN 978-0-8156-0642-0
    .
  5. ISBN 978-1-902448-66-4
    .
  6. ^ McCarthy, John Paul (25 April 2010). "It's time that we resolved our constitutional conundrum". Irish Independent. Retrieved 9 September 2011.
  7. ISBN 978-0-902561-96-0
    .
  8. ISBN 978-0-521-26648-2
    .
  9. Boston Globe
    . 13 May 1950. Retrieved 9 September 2011.
  10. ^ Dalton, Eoghan. "Ireland's first ambassador to the US to be honoured". The Irish Times.
  11. Boston Globe. 28 May 1954. p. 6. Archived from the original
    on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 9 September 2011.
  12. ^ "Architect of Constitution Honoured with Waterford Bust on 80th Anniversary". irishlegal.com. 3 July 2017.
  13. ^ "Elizabeth O'Kane Sculptor and Painter". www.elizabethokane.com. 29 January 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
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