John R. Alison

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John Richardson Alison
Other workAssistant Secretary of Commerce
Senior Vice President, Northrop

John Richardson Alison (November 21, 1912 – June 6, 2011)[1] was a highly decorated American combat ace of World War II and is often cited as the father of Air Force Special Operations.[2]

Early years

Born in

B-25 Mitchell aircraft.[2] In his autobiography, Jimmy Doolittle
wrote:

I might have gone to Russia, but Lieutenants Hubert Zemke and Johnny Alison, who had also been sent to England as observers, went instead. Good men, they both became aces later in the war. Johnny became a major general.[5]

Combat

After ten months and repeated requests for reassignment to combat, Alison got his wish. In June 1942, he reported to the

David Lee "Tex" Hill in the 75th Fighter Squadron, part of Colonel Robert Lee Scott Jr.'s 23rd Fighter Group, the USAAF successor of the AVG's famed Flying Tigers
in the China-Burma-India Theater.

Alison was called into theater by the previous commander of the AVG,

David Lee "Tex" Hill
, had high praise for Alison:

John Alison had the greatest pure flying skill of any pilot in the theater — a touch on the controls that knew no equal. His talents were matched only by his eagerness for combat.[8]

Air Commando

After returning home in May 1943, Alison was recalled to the CBI theater by Gen.

Gathering of Eagles Biography[2]

Alison later commanded the 3rd Air Commando group in the Pacific serving in the Philippines and Okinawa.[3]

Later years

After the war, he served as an Assistant Secretary of Commerce, President of the

Air Force Association, and as a major general in the Air Force Reserve.[2] He retired as vice president of the Northrop Corporation in 1984 and is a 1994 inductee into the Air Commando Hall of Fame.[9][2] In 2005, Alison was inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame.[10] In 2006, he was made an honorary member of the U.S. Army Ranger Hall of Fame.[11]

Alison died on June 6, 2011, and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery on October 3, 2011. Air Force Chief of Staff General Norton A. Schwartz provided the eulogy at the Old Post Chapel at Joint Base Myer–Henderson Hall. Following the chapel service, Secretary of the Air Force Michael Donley presented the American flag to Alison's wife, Penni, at the graveside service. Alison was survived by Penni, and their two sons, John and David.[12] Shortly before his passing, he authorized the Washington DC Chapter of the Air Commando Association to use his name and they are known as the John R. Alison Chapter of the Air Commando Association.

Awards and decorations

His awards and decorations include:

Bronze oak leaf cluster
Bronze oak leaf cluster
Silver star
Bronze star
Silver oak leaf cluster
Bronze oak leaf cluster
Bronze oak leaf cluster
Bronze oak leaf cluster
USAF Command Pilot Badge
Distinguished Service Cross
Army Distinguished Service Medal
Silver Star
Legion of Merit
w/ 1 bronze oak leaf cluster
Distinguished Flying Cross Purple Heart
Air Medal
w/ 1 bronze oak leaf cluster
Air Force Presidential Unit Citation American Defense Service Medal
American Campaign Medal
European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal
campaign stars
World War II Victory Medal
Army of Occupation Medal
w/ 'Japan' clasp
National Defense Service Medal
Air Force Longevity Service Award

w/ 1 silver and 3 bronze oak leaf clusters
hourglass device
Distinguished Service Order
(United Kingdom)

Distinguished Service Cross citation

Citation:

The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Distinguished Service Cross to Major (Air Corps) John Richardson Alison, United States Army Air Forces, for extraordinary heroism in connection with military operations against an armed enemy while serving as Pilot of a

51st Fighter Group, Tenth Air Force, in aerial combat against enemy forces on 30 July 1942, over Hengyang, China. On that date, Major John Alison took off in a P-40 fighting plane at 1:00 a.m. to intercept an enemy formation of three heavy bombers flying at 15,000 feet over Hengyang. Without hesitation, he closed for attack upon this superior force, and although receiving fire from the hostile wing ships in engine and cockpit, he delivered fire in succession to each of the three bombers, two of which burst into flames and crashed. The other turned from the attack with smoke pouring from both engines and probably did not reach its home base. With his damaged plane failing and pursuit impossible, Major John Alison would have been justified under the circumstances, in leaving his ship by parachute, but he chose to attempt a night crash landing in order to save his vitally needed equipment. Being unable to reach the field, he landed in a nearby river, from which his plane was salvaged. In attacking this superior force at night, destroying two bombers and possibly the entire hostile formation after his ship had been damaged by enemy cross fire, and then attempting to save his stricken plane, Major John Alison displayed extraordinary heroism and outstanding skill. His unquestionable valor in aerial combat is in keeping with the highest traditions of the military service and reflects great credit upon himself, the 10th Air Force, and the United States Army Air Forces.[13]

Notes

  1. ^ Dennis Hevesi (June 9, 2011). "John R. Alison, 98, Ace Fighter Pilot in World War II, Dies". The New York Times.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "John Alison Biography". Gathering of Eagles. Montgomery, Alabama: Gathering of Eagles Foundation. 2004. Retrieved July 31, 2016.
  3. ^ a b "Major General John Alison". The Daily Telegraph. London. June 14, 2011.
  4. ^ Boltz, Images of Apollo's Warriors, pp. 41–44
  5. ^ Doolittle, I Could Never Be So Lucky Again, p. 218
  6. ^ John Alison DSC Citation Home of Heroes (September 12, 1942); retrieved January 4, 2015
  7. ^ Alison's mission is described in detail in American Aces in Great Fighter Battles of World War II (Edward H. Sims). The book's opening chapter, titled "Night Scramble at Hengyang" emphasizes how unorthodox were his actions, since the aircraft were not equipped for night flying, nor was the base lit; in addition, the nearby city was under wartime blackout. After downing three enemy aircraft in the darkness over his base, he ditched his damaged aircraft in the Siang River, where it was later salvaged to provide replacement parts for other damaged craft.
  8. ^ Hill, "Tex" Hill: Flying Tiger, p. 174
  9. ^ Air Commando Hall of Fame retrieved January 26, 2008
  10. ^ "John Alison in the National Aviation Hall of Fame". 2005. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
  11. ^ "U.S. Army Ranger Hall of Fame" (PDF). Worldwide Army Rangers, Inc. June 12, 2015. Retrieved November 6, 2021.
  12. ^ Williams Jr, Staff Sgt. Richard A. (October 4, 2011). "Family, friends say goodbye to founding air commando". US Air Force. Archived from the original on December 12, 2012. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
  13. ^ "Valor awards for John Richardson Alison". Retrieved June 14, 2020.

References

External links