José Luis López Vázquez

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
In this
Spanish name, the first or paternal surname
is López and the second or maternal family name is Vázquez de la Torre.
Excelentísimo Señor Don

José Luis López Vázquez

MMT
López Vázquez in 2004
Born
José Luis López Vázquez de la Torre

(1922-03-11)11 March 1922
Madrid, Spain
Died2 November 2009(2009-11-02) (aged 87)
Madrid, Spain
NationalitySpanish
Occupations
Years active1939–2007
Spouses
Ana María Ventura
​
(divorced)​
Flor Aguilar
​
(divorced)​
ChildrenJosé Luis
Virginia
Cayetana
Camino

José Luis López Vázquez de la Torre MMT (11 March 1922 – 2 November 2009) was a Spanish actor, comedian, costume designer, scenic designer and assistant director. He was best known internationally for his lead role in the surrealist horror TV film La cabina (The Telephone Box, 1972).[1] A prolific performer, he was an integral part of Spanish cinema for six decades, appearing in almost 250 films between 1948 and 2007.

Born in Madrid of working-class parents, López Vázquez began his career on stage at 17 as a costume designer and set decorator before making his breakthrough as an actor. In film he initially worked as a costume designer and assistant director, while playing bit parts. However, his comedic talent soon allowed him to get bigger roles, cultivating an image as Spain's on-screen everyman in numerous comedies during the Franco era, although he later revealed his ability to play dramatic roles. At the time he took part in a distinctive Spanish art cinema led primarily by directors Luis García Berlanga, Juan Antonio Bardem, Carlos Saura and screenwriter Rafael Azcona, which gained international attention. He also worked with renowned foreign filmmakers such as Marco Ferreri and George Cukor.[2]

He acted in the films Boyfriend in Sight (1954), Miracles of Thursday (1957), El Pisito (1959), El Cochecito (1960), Plácido (1961), Atraco a las tres (1962), The Executioner (1963), Peppermint Frappé (1967), The Ancines Woods (1970), Long Live the Bride and Groom (1970), The Garden of Delights (1970), My Dearest Senorita (1972), Travels with My Aunt (1972), Habla, mudita (1973), Cousin Angelica (1974), La escopeta nacional (1978) and its sequels Patrimonio nacional (1981) and Nacional III (1982), The Beehive (1982), Akelarre (1984), Moors and Christians (1987), Esquilache (1989), The Fencing Master (1992), Everyone Off to Jail (1993), and Moon of Avellaneda (2004), among others.

López Vázquez won two Silver Hugo Awards at the Chicago International Film Festival, four CEC Awards, two Fotogramas de Plata, two Sant Jordi Awards, one TP de Oro, and two New York Latin ACE Awards bestowed by the Association of Latin Entertainment Critics. His accolades include the Honorary Spike at the Valladolid International Film Festival in 1989, the National Theatre Award in 2002, and the Honorary Goya Award for lifetime achievement in 2005. The Government of Spain awarded him the Gold Medal of Merit in the Fine Arts (Medalla de Oro al Mérito en las Bellas Artes) in 1985 and the Gold Medal of Merit in Labour (Medalla al Mérito en el Trabajo) in 1997.

Early life

José Luis López Vázquez was born in Madrid, Spain, on 11 March 1922.[3] The only son of a dressmaker mother and a father who worked as an official of the Ministry of Justice. In some biographies he appears as born on March 12. "With the nerves of the event, my father forgot to register me and he did it the next day" he said. His father also forgot to give the official the name he chose for the baby. And he had to return to his brother José. The offices were already closed and they had to return a day later. He was registered with the nicknames of both.[4] His parents separated when he was very young, causing them to go through difficulties and financial problems. As a teenager he was force to leave his studies and work as an administrative assistant and typist, a period that he began to overcome due to his ability in drawing and painting.[5]

Career

Early artistic work

In 1939, at the age of 17, he became interested in theatre through the Youth Front and entered in the Universitary Spanish Theatre [es] (TEU) directed by Modesto Higueras [es]. There he outlined his vocation as a draughtsman thanks to the painter José Caballero, who had been part of the group La Barraca led by Federico García Lorca. He originally worked as a scenic designer for the sets of the Theatre of María Guerrero in times of Luis Escobar Kirkpatrick, as well as an assistant director to Pío Ballesteros and Enrique Herreros.[6] The playwright and filmmaker José López Rubio had a decisive influence on his artistic side when he hired him as a costume designer for three films: It Happened in Damascus (1943), Eugenia de Montijo (1944) and Alhucemas (1948).[7] Some of the theatrical productions for which he created costume designs in the 1940s and 1950s are Don Juan Tenorio, where he met Salvador Dalí in 1949, The Phantom Lady, The Village of Stepanchikovo, El caballero de Olmedo, La guardia cuidadosa, a drawing of Don Gil of the Green Breeches, and five sketches for the sets of Life Is a Dream, Y no subió a la cruz, and The Dog in the Manger.[8]

Acting

Film and television

Una muchachita de Valladolid (1958), a Spanish comedy film starring Alberto Closas, Analía Gadé and José Luis López Vázquez.

In 1947, he switched over to film in a brief appearance in María Fernanda la Jerezana. In the early 1950s, he would begin a long-time collaboration with director Luis García Berlanga, who gave him a small role in the comedy That Happy Couple (1951), co-directed by Juan Antonio Bardem. Shortly after, he made a part in Bardem's Felices Pascuas [es] (1954),[9] and Berlanga counted on him for two supporting roles in Boyfriend in Sight (1954), playing a nineteenth-century beach flirt, and Miracles of Thursday (1957), as a skeptical priest.[10] During this time he acted in many comedies, including the 1959 classic film Los tramposos, directed by Pedro Lazaga, which showed the city of Madrid at the time and some of its most popular scams.[11][12]

López Vázquez was given the chance to be appreciated abroad for the first time by the Italian director

social critique with an anti-clerical point that was co-written by Berlanga and Azcona.[14] The following year he appeared in Ferreri's film El Cochecito (The Little Coach, 1960),[15] with José Isbert in the lead role in a sardonic study of geriatric revolt; it won the FIPRESCI Prize at the Venice Film Festival.[16] All these films were oblique critiques of Franco's totalitarian regime.[17]

With Fanny Cano in Operación secretaria (1966)

In the early 1960s he worked in Berlanga's savage satires

bank clerk who plans a robbery of his own bank with the help of other employees in José María Forqué's comedy Atraco a las tres (Robbery at 3 o'clock), whose phrase "Fernando Galindo, un admirador, un amigo, un esclavo, un siervo" ("Fernando Galindo, an admirer, a friend, a slave, a servant") became part of Spanish culture.[22] The movie co-starred the Spanish actress Gracita Morales, which he formed a popular partnership in such comedies as Pedro Lazaga's Sor Citroën (1967), and Mariano Ozores' Operation Mata Hari (1968).[23] With Lazaga he also made the 1968 film El turismo es un gran invento [es], starring Paco Martínez Soria, one of the most representative comedies of the construction boom in the 60s in Spain.[24]

In 1967 he played his first dramatic role in Carlos Saura's psychological thriller Peppermint Frappé,[25] as a physician becoming obsessively infatuated with his childhood friend's attractive wife (Geraldine Chaplin);[26] which he won the CEC Award for Best Actor awarded by the Círculo de Escritores Cinematográficos (Cinema Writers Circle) in 1968.[27] According to Steven Marsh, during this period, in both comedy and drama, his performances were often marked by solitary and repressed characters.[28] Then he chained a series of major projects, starting when director Pedro Olea chose him for the lead role in the 1970 horror film El Bosque del Lobo (The Ancines Woods),[29] in which he was the epilectic peddler Benito Freire (based on Spanish serial killer Manuel Blanco Romasanta), who, due a childhood trauma, periodically suffered from an irresistible urge to strangle women.[30] That performance earned him the Best Actor honour at the Chicago International Film Festival in 1971.[31] This was followed by Berlanga's 1970 black comedy Long Live the Bride and Groom, as a man about to get married when his mother appear dead in the pool shortly before the ceremony,[32] and his second collaboration with Saura in The Garden of Delights (1970), as a ruthless tycoon, catatonic and paralysed in a wheelchair after a car accident, who holds the key to his family's fortune. His role was described by critic Roger Greenspun of The New York Times as "hilarious" and "pathetic" and even "terrifying".[33]

Monument to "La Cabina" ("The Telephone Box") in Madrid, a 1972 television film directed by Antonio Mercero and starred José Luis López Vázquez.

By the 1970s, he was a firmly established figure in Spanish cinema, appearing in 11 films in 1972, which include Jaime de Armiñán's Academy Award-nominated Best Foreign Film Mi Querida Señorita (My Dearest Senorita),[34] winning a Best Actor Silver Hugo for consecutive year for his role as Adela Castro Molina/Juan, a woman who discovers that "she" is a man,[35][36] and Antonio Mercero's International Emmy Awards-winning TV film La cabina,[37] a psychological horror story about a man trapped in a telephone booth; López Vázquez won the Antena de Oro, the Fotograma de Plata, and the New York Latin ACE Award for his performance.[38] During this decade he occasionally participated on international film productions, including George Cukor's American comedy Travels With My Aunt (1972), in which he co-starred opposite Maggie Smith as M. Dambreuse,[39] her wealthy former French lover. After the film was completed, Cukor invited him to Hollywood, proposing that he learn English to become a star, but López Vázquez declined the offer.[40]

He collaborated again with Olea in the 1973 thriller

linguist who travels the Cantabrian Mountains.[42] Later he performanced in Saura's Cousin Angelica (1974), winner of the Jury Prize at the Cannes Film Festival,[43] in which he is a middle-aged bachelor who finds, on his return to Barcelona after many years away, that the cousin he loved as a child is now married to a fascist. Critic Vincent Canby said he was "super" in the role.[44] He also played an old Antoni Gaudí in a 45-minute uneven film directed by John Alaimo that was unreleased until 2009 called Antoni Gaudí, An Unfinished Vision [es] (1974).[45][46]

In the next years he continued working with regularity in films and TV, notably in Mercero's television series Este señor de negro [es] (That Man in Black, 1975-1976), as Sixto Zabaleta, a bench jeweler who represents the most archaic and outdated values of the Spanish society,[47] Pedro Masó's comedy drama La miel [ca] (1979), which he starred alongside Jane Birkin as a schoolteacher who is attracted to the young mother of a student (Jorge Sanz),[48] the film based on Eduardo Mendoza Garriga's 1975 novel The Truth on the Savolta Affair [ca] (1980), as Domingo 'Pajarito' de Soto, a journalist who investigates the violent death of a worker at the Savolta weapons factory,[49] and Berlanga's trilogy La escopeta nacional (1978), National Heritage (1981) and Nacional III (1982), performing a marquis of the aristocratic Leguineche family in a satire on the powers of Franco's regime.[50]

Other film appearances in the 1980s include Mario Camus' Golden Bear-winning film The Beehive (1982),[51] based on the 1950 novel by Camilo José Cela in which he plays an ex-Communist scratching out an existence in Francoist Spain,[52] Olea's period drama Akelarre (1984), where he portrayed an inquisitor,[53] The Court of the Pharaoh (José Luis García Sánchez, 1985), starring Ana Belén,[52] Mi general [ca] (de Armiñán, 1987), which he won the New York Latin ACE Award for Best Supporting Actor in 1989,[54] the comedy Moors and Christians (Berlanga, 1987), as a shameless man who drags an entire family into a delirious odyssey in which they come across grotesque characters,[55] the antimilitarist tragicomedy The Little Spanish Soldier (Antonio Giménez-Rico, 1988),[56] and the historical film Esquilache (Josefina Molina, 1989), as Antonio Campos, the secretary of Leopoldo de Gregorio, 1st Marquess of Esquilache (Fernando Fernán Gómez).[57]

In 1989, the Valladolid International Film Festival (Seminci) commemorated his career by awarding him the Honorary Spike [es] in its 34th edition.[58]

From the early 1990s, López Vázquez slowed down and did mostly supporting work in The Long Winter (Jaime Camino, 1992),[59] The Fencing Master (Olea, 1992), a film based on the 1988 novel of the same name by Arturo Pérez-Reverte in which he performed the inspector Jenaro Campillo,[60] the comedy Everyone Off to Jail (Berlanga, 1993), as a priest who pretends to be a socialist,[61] the fantasy thriller Memorias del ángel caído (David Alonso, Fernando Cámara, 1997),[62] the action comedy Torrente 2: Mission in Marbella (Santiago Segura, 2001), in a cameo as a client of José Luis Torrente,[63] Moscow Gold (Jesús Bonilla, 2003),[64] the Argentine comedy-drama Moon of Avellaneda (Juan José Campanella, 2004), playing the role as Don Aquiles,[65] and And Who Are You? (Mercero, 2007), a drama film about Alzheimer's disease.[66] In between, he was part of the cast of several television series such as La forja de un rebelde (Camus, 1990),[67] the comedy show Los ladrones van a la oficina (The thieves go to the office, 1993-1996),[68] as "Escabeche", one of the veteran thieves, and the prime time historical series Cuéntame cómo pasó (2002), making a special appearance.[69]

On 30 January 2005, he received the Honorary Goya Award at the 19th Goya Awards ceremony for his lifetime achievement, which had the longest standing ovation of the evening, dedicating his distinction primarily to the public.[70][71]

Theatre

He developed his stage career in the theatres of the Spanish capital. In 1943 he was in the cast of El casamiento engañoso, at the Theatre of María Guerrero. Although cinema kept him away from theatre for almost three decades, he returned to it regularly at the end of the 20th century.[72] Among the stage productions in which he starred: Charles Dickens' The Old Curiosity Shop , 1947; Lope de Vega's La dama boba, 1951; André Roussin's Bobosse, 1953; Pietro Garinei's Buonanotte Bettina, 1958; Alexandre Dumas' Kean, 1958; Cartas credenciales, 1960; Alfonso Paso's Los Palomos, 1964; Murray Schisgal's Luv, 1967; Peter Shaffer's Equus, 1976; in the lead role as the psychiatrist Martin Dysart,[73] Fermín Cabal's Vade Retro!, 1982; Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman, 1985; which won critical praise for his performance as Willy Loman,[74] Santiago Moncada's Cena para dos, 1991, and Neil Simon's The Sunshine Boys, 1997.[75] His portrayal as Julius Caesar in George Bernard Shaw's play Caesar and Cleopatra at the Mérida International Classical Theatre Festival [es] in 2001 received public acclaim.[76] In 2002, he obtained the National Theatre Prize awarded by the Ministry of Culture "for his extraordinary quality as a tragicomic actor throughout a long artistic career, which is still present today on our stages".[77] His last role was in the 2004 play Tres hombres y un destino.[78]

Personal life and death

In 1951 he was married with the actress Ana María Ventura [es], but the couple were unable to have offspring. He later get into an eighteen-year relationship with Katty Magerus although they could not marry due to the lack of divorce. They had two children, José Luis (b. 1962), and Virginia (b. 1965), who died in the United States in 1994. He also had two other daughters with the journalist Flor Aguilar, named Cayetana and Camino.[79] In his latter years he had a relationship with the actress Carmen de la Maza.[80] He amassed a great fortune due to his work in cinema and lived in a duplex of 400 square meters on Paseo de la Castellana in the Spanish capital.[81]

López Vázquez died of

natural causes in Madrid on 2 November 2009, at the age of 87. After his death, several tributes were paid to him, among them Álex de la Iglesia, president of the Spanish Film Academy, who said, "One of the greatest actors is gone, one of the legs of the table of great Spanish cinema along with Fernando Fernán Gómez and Pepe Isbert". The actor and filmmaker Santiago Segura stated that his death represents "the end of an era".[82] His coffin was installed at the Theatre of María Guerrero, headquarters of the national theatre company Centro Dramático Nacional (CDN), which was attended by figures such as actresses Carmen Sevilla and Verónica Forqué, film director Pedro Almodóvar, the mayor of Madrid Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón, and the Prince and Princess of Asturias.[83] He was later cremated in the Almudena Cemetery in Madrid.[84]

Legacy

In 2010, his biography was posthumously published under the title ¿Para qué te cuento?: biografía autorizada de José Luis López Vázquez, written by Luis Lorente, who claimed that López Vázquez "belongs to a generation of extraordinary actors who have no replacement".[85] In the same year, the Cultural Centre José Luis López Vázquez was opened in the San Blas-Canillejas district in Madrid to honoured the Spanish actor,[86] and a postage stamp with his image was produced on July 6.[87]

In 2022 it was released the documentary José Luis López Vázquez: ¡Qué disparate!, directed by Roberto J. Oltra and sponsored by the actor's son, José Luis López Magerus, to commemorate his 100th birth anniversary, which explores the reasons for his success throughout his career.[88][89] On March 10, a silhouette was placed on the sculpture of La cabina installed in Madrid to remember his performance in the television film.[90]

In 2024, the Cultural Space Serrería Belga (Medialab Matadero) is presenting the exhibition José Luis before López Vázquez, showing the lesser-known facets of the actor. Through approximately one hundred pieces, it shows his work as a draughtsman, costume designer, and set designer, without neglecting his acting career and his more personal side, including little-known pieces from his private life. The exhibition also focuses on his facet as an art collector, which shows for the first time some of the works he collected over the years. These include works by Maruja Mallo (La sorpresa del trigo), Salvador Dalí (Cabeza de Gala), Antoni Tàpies (Jazz), Alberto Sánchez Pérez (Pájaro bebiendo agua), Antonio Saura (Ancestro 5), Fernando Zóbel de Ayala y Montojo (Pequeño esquema para...), Juan Manuel Díaz-Caneja (Naturaleza muerta), Benjamín Palencia (Boceto para La Barraca), Edgar Neville (Quai de la Seine), a drawing by José Caballero from 1936 and two drawings by Federico García Lorca from 1935.[91]

Selected filmography

Cinema

Television

Documentary

Stage

  • El casamiento engañoso (1943)
  • El anticuario (1947)
  • La dama boba (1951)
  • Bobosse (1953)
  • La otra orilla (1954)
  • Buonanotte Bettina (1958)
  • Kean (1958)
  • Cartas credenciales (1960)
  • Los Palomos (1964)
  • Luv (1967)
  • Equus (1976)
  • ¡Vade Retro! (1982)
  • Death of a Salesman (1985)
  • El manifiesto (1987)
  • Cena para dos (1991)
  • Mariquilla Terremoto (1996)
  • The Sunshine Boys (1997)
  • Que viene mi marido (2000)
  • La raya en el pelo de William Holden (2001)
  • Caesar and Cleopatra (2001)
  • Tres hombres y un destino (2004)

Accolades

López Vázquez receiving the Fiambrera de Plata awarded by the Ateneo de Córdoba [es] in 1989.

Goya Awards

Main article: Goya Awards
Year Category Result Ref.
2004 Honorary Goya Award Won [92]

National Theatre Awards

Main article: National Theater Prize
Year Result Ref.
2002 Won [93]

Círculo de Escritores Cinematográficos

Main article: CEC Awards
Year Category Work Result Ref.
1961 Best Supporting Actor Police Calling 091 Won [94]
1962 Best Supporting Actor For his works over the year Won [95]
1968 Best Actor Peppermint Frappé Won [96]
1972 Best Actor My Dearest Senorita Won [97]
2006 CEC Honorary Award - Won [98]

Fotogramas de Plata

Main article: Fotogramas de Plata
Year Category Work Result Ref.
1971 Best Spanish Film Performer The Ancines Woods Won [99]
1972 Best Television Performer La cabina Won [100]
2006 Lifetime Achievement - Won [101]

National Syndicate of Spectacle, Spain

Year Category Work Result Ref.
1962 Best Male Star Atraco a las tres Won [102]
1971 Best Male Star My Dearest Senorita Won [103]
1975 Best Male Star Zorrita Martinez Won

Spanish Actors Union Awards

Main article: Spanish Actors Union
Year Category Work Result Ref.
2001 Lifetime Achievement - Won [104]

Sant Jordi Awards

Main article: Sant Jordi Awards
Year Category Work Result Ref.
1961 Best Spanish Actor Plácido Won [105]
1972 Best Performance in a Spanish film The Garden of Delights
The Ancines Woods 		Won [106]

TP de Oro

Main article: TP de Oro
Year Category Work Result Ref.
1976 Best National Actor Este señor de negro Won [107]

Antena de Oro

Main article: Antena de Oro
Year Category Work Result Ref.
1974 Best Performance La cabina Won [108]

New York Latin ACE Awards

Main article: Association of Latin Entertainment Critics
Year Category Work Result Ref.
1976 TV - Best Actor La cabina Won [109]
1989 Cinema - Best Supporting Actor Mi general Won [110]

Chicago International Film Festival

Main article: Chicago International Film Festival
Year Category Work Result Ref.
1971 Best Actor The Ancines Woods Won [111]
1972 Best Actor My Dearest Senorita Won

Valladolid International Film Festival

Main article: Valladolid International Film Festival
Year Category Result Ref.
1989 Honorary Spike Won [112]

L'Alfàs del Pi Film Festival [ca]

Year Category Result Ref.
1989 Faro de Plata - Lifetime Achievement Won [113]

Huelva Ibero-American Film Festival

Main article: Huelva Ibero-American Film Festival
Year Category Result Ref.
1996 Prize of the City of Huelva Won [114]

Málaga Film Festival

Main article: Málaga Film Festival
Year Category Result Ref.
2001 Honorary Golden Biznaga Won [115]

Honours

References

Citations

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Bibliography

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