Joseph Plunkett
Joseph Plunkett Seosamh Pluincéid | |
---|---|
Born | Dublin, Ireland | 21 November 1887
Died | 4 May 1916 Kilmainham Gaol, Dublin, Ireland | (aged 28)
Cause of death | Execution by firing squad |
Buried | Arbour Hill Prison, Dublin |
Allegiance | Irish Volunteers Irish Republican Brotherhood |
Years of service | 1913–1916 |
Rank | Commandant General |
Unit | Dublin Brigade, Irish Volunteers |
Commands held | General Post Office, Dublin |
Battles/wars | Easter Rising |
Spouse(s) | Grace Gifford (m. 4 May 1916) |
Joseph Mary Plunkett (Irish: Seosamh Máire Pluincéid; 21 November 1887 – 4 May 1916) was an Irish republican, poet and journalist. As a leader of the 1916 Easter Rising, he was one of the seven signatories to the Proclamation of the Irish Republic. Plunkett married Grace Gifford in 1916, seven hours before his execution.
Background
Plunkett was born at 26 Upper Fitzwilliam Street in one of
Plunkett contracted
IRB involvement
Sometime in 1915, Joseph Plunkett joined the
According to
Easter Rising
Plunkett was one of the original members of the IRB Military Committee that was responsible for planning the Easter Rising, and it was largely his plan that was followed. Shortly before the rising was to begin, Plunkett was hospitalised following a turn for the worse in his health. He had an operation on his neck glands (probably
Margaret Skinnider recalls that during Easter Week he was "pale and weak" and "looked like death".[8]
His
Marriage and execution
Following the surrender, Plunkett was held in
Aftermath/Legacy
His brothers
Plunkett named his sister, Geraldine, the literary executor of his will. She published a volume of his poetry a month after his execution in June 1916.[9]
The main railway station in
In popular culture
The Irish ballad "Grace", written by Seán and Frank O'Meara, is a monologue of Plunkett expressing his love to Grace and his love for the cause of Irish independence in the small hours before his execution.[10] The ballad has been notably covered by Jim McCann.[11]
He is also mentioned in the Irish rebel song “Seán South of Garryowen”.
American composer Florence Turner-Maley used Plunkett’s text in her song “I See Him Everywhere.”[12]
His religious poem "I See His Blood upon the Rose" is well-known in Ireland.[13][14]
References
- ISBN 978-0-7165-2666-7. Archivedfrom the original on 14 February 2017. Retrieved 3 November 2016.
- ^ "Review Of 'All in the Blood'". A&A Farmar Book Publishers. Archived from the original on 29 November 2007. Retrieved 4 November 2010.
- ^ "[Count Plunkett] George Noble Plunkett". Ricorso. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 5 November 2010.
- ^ "Joseph Mary Plunkett: Ailing writer who shaped the rebellion". Irish Independent. 29 October 2015. Archived from the original on 1 October 2016. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
- ^ Modernism and Race. Cambridge University Press. 2011. p. 67.
- ^ An Irish Monarchy, The Irish Times, 15 April 1966
- Irish Times, March 21, 2016
- ^ Skinnider, Margaret (2017). Doing My Bit for Ireland A First-hand Account of the Easter Rising. Luath Press Limited.
- ISBN 1899047263.
- ^ "DT Correction: Grace (Frank & Sean O'Meara)". Mudcat Café. 16 May 1998. Archived from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
- YouTube
- ^ Turner-Maley, Florence. "Christopher A. Reynolds Collection of Women's Song". oac.cdlib.org. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
- ^ "I See His Blood Upon the Rose, Joseph Mary Plunkett". Ireland Calling. Archived from the original on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
- ^ "Rising Poems: 'I See His Blood Upon The Rose' by Joseph Plunkett". independent. 29 October 2015. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
Further reading
- Augusteijn, Joost (ed.), The Irish Revolution 1913-1923 (Basingstoke 2002)
- Boyce, George D., Nationalism in Ireland (London 1982)
- Kee, Robert, The Green Flag: A History of Irish Nationalism (London 1972)
- Kelly, Matthew, The Fenian Ideal and Irish Nationalism 1882-1916 (Woodbridge 2006)
- Mansergh, Nicholas, The Unresolved Question: The Anglo-Irish Settlement and its Undoing (New Haven and London 1991)
- Martin, F.X. (ed.), Leaders and Men of the Easter Rising: Dublin 1916 (London 1967)
- Novick, Ben, Concerning Revolution: Irish Nationalist Propaganda during the First World War (Dublin 2001)
- O Brolchain, Honor, Joseph Plunkett (Dublin 2012)
- Plunkett Dillon, Geraldine (edited Honor O Brolchain): All in the Blood (A. & A. Farmar)
- Townshend, Charles, Easter 1916: The Irish Rebellion (London 2005)