Joseph Polchinski

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Joseph Polchinski
Everett phone
AwardsDannie Heineman Prize (2007)
Dirac Medal (2008)
Breakthrough Prize (2017)
Scientific career
FieldsTheoretical physics
InstitutionsUniversity of California, Santa Barbara
Doctoral advisorStanley Mandelstam
Doctoral studentsRobert Leigh

Joseph Gerard Polchinski Jr.

theoretical physicist and string theorist.[3][4]

Biography

Polchinski was born in White Plains, New York, the elder of two children to Joseph Gerard Polchinski Sr. (1929–2002),[5] a financial consultant and manager, and Joan (née Thornton), an office worker and homemaker.[6] Polchinski was primarily of Irish descent with his paternal grandfather being Polish.[7]

Polchinski graduated from

Caltech in 1975, and his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1980 under the supervision of Stanley Mandelstam
. He did not publish any papers as a graduate student. After postdoctoral positions at
SLAC (1980–82) and Harvard (1982–84) he was a professor at the University of Texas at Austin from 1984 to 1992. From 1992 to March 2017 he was a professor in the Physics Department at the University of California, Santa Barbara and a permanent member of the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics there.[8]

Contributions

Polchinski wrote the two-volume textbook String Theory, published in 1998. Among his many contributions to

D-branes are the best known. In 2008 he won the Dirac Medal for his work in superstring theory.[9] He was awarded the 2017 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics in recognition of his contributions to theoretical physics.[10]

D-branes

Polchinski's contributions to

AdS/CFT duality
.

Polchinski's paradox

In an unpublished communication to

time paradoxes that could result), Polchinski raised a potentially paradoxical situation involving a billiard ball sent through a wormhole which sends it back in time. In this scenario, the ball is fired into a wormhole at an angle such that, if it continues along that path, it will exit the wormhole in the past at just the right angle to collide with its earlier self, thereby knocking it off course and preventing it from entering the wormhole in the first place. Thorne dubbed this problem "Polchinski's paradox" in 1994.[11] Later students of the whimsical problem came up with solutions which managed to avoid any inconsistencies, by having the ball emerge from the future at a different angle than the one used to generate the paradox, and deliver its younger self a glancing blow instead of knocking it completely away from the wormhole, a blow which changes its trajectory in just the right way so that it will travel back in time with the angle required to deliver its younger self this glancing blow.[11]

2012 paper on black holes

Main article: Firewall (physics)

In July 2012, Polchinski, with two of his students, James Sully and Ahmed Almheiri, and fellow string theorist Donald Marolf at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), published a paper[12] whose calculations about black hole radiation suggested that either general relativity's equivalence principle is wrong, or else a key tenet of quantum mechanics is incorrect.[13]

In popular culture

Polchinski was the subject of a running gag on an episode of

The Paintball Scattering
", Sheldon would choke up and be unable to respond every time anybody asked if the paper on super-symmetry, which he had recently published with his wife, Amy, was derivative of the work of Polchinski.

Personal life and death

Polchinski had two sons, Steven and Daniel, with his wife, Dorothy Maria Chun, whom he married in 1980.[6]

He died at his home in Santa Barbara, California on February 2, 2018, of

brain cancer, at the age of 63.[6]

Bibliography

References

  1. ^ Polchinski, J. (1995). "Dirichlet branes and Ramond-Ramond charges." Physical Review D, 50(10), R6041–R6045.
  2. ^ "JOSEPH GERARD POLCHINSKI". Physics History Network.
  3. ^ Yang, Henry T. (2 February 2018). "Obituary: Professor Emeritus Joseph Polchinski". UC Santa Barbara.
  4. ^ "Joe Polchinski (1954-2018): La teoría de cuerdas está de luto". La Ciencia de la Mula Francis (in European Spanish). 3 February 2018. Retrieved 2018-02-03.
  5. ^ "Joseph Gerard Polchinski, Sr". Geni.com. 10 January 1929.
  6. ^ a b c Overbye, Dennis (7 February 2018). "Joseph Polchinski, 63, Leading Theorist on Multiple Universes, Dies". The New York Times.
  7. arXiv:1708.09093 [physics.hist-ph
    ].
  8. ^ "kitp.ucsb.edu". Archived from the original on April 17, 2007.
  9. ^ "Dirac Medallists 2008 | ICTP". www.ictp.it.
  10. ^ Leachman, Shelly (December 5, 2016). "Another Major Breakthrough". University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved December 5, 2016.
  11. ^
    ISBN 0-393-31276-3
    .
  12. S2CID 55581818
    .
  13. PMID 23552926
    .

External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to Joseph Polchinski.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Polchinski&oldid=1215984235"