Juan Bautista de Anza
Juan Bautista de Anza | |
---|---|
55th Governor of Province of New Mexico | |
In office 1778–1788 | |
Preceded by | Francisco Trevre |
Succeeded by | Fernando de la Concha |
Personal details | |
Born | Juan Bautista de Anza Bezerra Nieto July 6/7, 1736 Fronteras, New Navarre, New Spain (now Sonora, Mexico) |
Died | December 19, 1788 Arizpe, New Navarre, New Spain | (aged 52)
Profession | Explorer and Governor of New Mexico |
Signature | |
Juan Bautista de Anza Bezerra Nieto (July 6 or 7, 1736
Early life
Juan Bautista de Anza Bezerra Nieto was born in Fronteras, New Navarre, New Spain (today Sonora, Mexico) in 1736 (near Arizpe), most probably at Cuquiarachi, Sonora,[3] but possibly at the Presidio of Fronteras.
His family was a part of the military leadership in
California expeditions
This section needs additional citations for verification. (March 2019) |
The Spanish began colonizing
In 1772, Anza
Anza reached
The expedition continued on to Monterey with the colonists. Having fulfilled his mission from the Viceroy, he continued north with the priest Pedro Font and a party of twelve others, following an inland route to the San Francisco Bay established in 1770 by Pedro Fages.[citation needed] On the way, he led a raid on Apache settlements near Presidio San Ignacio de Tubac, capturing forty Apaches. The soldiers divided the captives among them as slaves; Anza kept the fifteen female captives and their newborns as his share.[6]
In Anza's diary on March 25, 1776, he states that he "arrived at the arroyo of
Despite DeAnza's successes, Spanish ambitions to establish a permanent overland route from Sonora to Alta California were thwarted in 1781, when a revolt of the Yumas tribe closed the trail at the Yuma Crossing of the Colorado River. The route was not reopened until the later 1820s, and the only regular travel to Alta California during the intervening years was by sea.
Governor of New Mexico
On his return from this successful expedition in 1777 he journeyed to
Governor Anza led a
In late 1779, Anza and his party found a route from
Juan Bautista de Anza remained as governor of Nuevo Mexico (New Mexico) until 1787 when he returned to
Juan Bautista de Anza died in Arizpe, in what is now the State of Sonora, Mexico, and was buried in the Church of Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Arizpe. In 1963, with the participation of delegations from the
The primary legacy is the
Also named for Anza is
A building named the Juan de Anza House in San Juan Bautista, California is a National Historic Landmark. However, it was constructed c. 1830 with its connection unclear. The Juan Bautista de Anza Community Park is in Calabasas, California, and De Anza Park and the De Anza Community and Teen Center are in Ontario, California.
A 20-foot (6.1 m) statue of Anza, sculpted in 1939, is located in
The de Anza and De Anza spellings are also the namesake of streets, schools, and buildings in his honor including: De Anza Boulevards in
.Using just Anza in his honor are: Anza Vista Avenue within the
Also named in his honor is Juan Bautista Circle in the
Footnotes
- ISBN 0-87417-626-3.
- ISBN 0-87417-625-5. Retrieved 16 February 2014.]
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)[permanent dead link - ISBN 978-0-8061-4377-4.
- ISBN 9780874175059.
- ^ Web de Anza. The Basque surname was simply Anza, without "de" Archived 2016-03-20 at the Wayback Machine
- ISBN 978-0-8263-4327-7.
- ^ de Anza, Juan Bautista (1776). Diary of Juan Bautista de Anza October 23, 1775 – June 1, 1776. "Anza 1776 Colonizing Diary". Archived from the original on 2009-11-25. Retrieved 2009-12-14. Accessed September 8, 2009 University of Oregon Web de Anza pages
- ^ Edward F. O'Day (October 1926). "The Founding of San Francisco". San Francisco Water. Spring Valley Water Authority. Archived from the original on July 27, 2010. Retrieved February 7, 2013.
- OCLC 68116825
- OCLC 68116825
- ^ National Park Service: Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail
- ^ Upper Las Virgenes Canyon Open Space: de Anza Trail
- ^ Puente Hills Habitat Authority Archived 2009-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Tour Anza Borrego Desert". CaliforniaResortLife. Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ^ Patterson, Tom. Landmarks of Riverside, and the Stories Behind Them. The Press Enterprise Company, Riverside, CA, 1964. pp. 174–175.
- ^ Statue in Lake Merced
- ^ "Painted Decoration: Goodhue Building". Los Angeles Public Library. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
- ^ Imharnish (13 June 2022). "Mary Mallory: Hollywood Heights – Central Library Murals". L.A. Daily Mirror. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
Further reading
- J. N. Bowman and R. F. Heizer, "Anza and the Northwest Frontier of New Spain," Southwest Museum Papers: No. 20. Los Angeles, CA: 1967.
- Carlos R. Herrera, Juan Bautista de Anza: The King's Governor in New Mexico. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2015.
- Wilfred Martinez, Anza and Cuerno Verde, Decisive Battle.
External links
- Anza-Borrego Desert State Park
- Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail – Official U.S. National Park Service website.
- U.of Oregon: "Diary of Juan Bautista de Anza" – de Anza online resources.
- An Interactive Study Environment on Spanish Exploration and Colonization of "Alta California" 1774–1776
- Ninth Grade Social Studies Students HyperStudio Projects Using Web de Anza Resources – an interesting high school project