July 1963

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July 1, 1963: The ZIP Code is introduced in the U.S.
July 19, 1963: Joe Walker flies X-15 jet into outer space on first airplane flight above 100 km altitude
July 26, 1963: Syncom 2 becomes first geosynchronous satellite

The following events occurred in July 1963:

July 1, 1963 (Monday)

  • ZIP Codes were introduced in the United States, as the U.S. Department of the Post Office kicked off a massive advertising campaign that included the cartoon character "Mr. ZIP", and the mailing that day of more than 72,000,000 postcards to every mailing address in the United States, in order to inform the addressees of their new five digit postal code.[1] Postal zones had been used since 1943 in large cities, but the ZIP code was nationwide. Use became mandatory in 1967 for bulk mailers.[2]
  • The crash of a Varig DC-3 airliner in Brazil's Rio Grande do Sul state killed 15 of the 18 people on board.[3] The flight was approaching the airport at Passo Fundo on the second-leg of a scheduled trip from Porto Alegre when it impacted trees.[4]
  • Kim Philby was named by the Government of the United Kingdom as the 'Third Man' in the Burgess and Maclean Soviet spy ring.[5]
  • Died: Abdullah bin Khalifa, 53, Sultan of Zanzibar since 1960, died two days after undergoing emergency surgery.[6] He was succeeded by his son, Jamshid bin Abdullah, the last to hold the title.

July 2, 1963 (Tuesday)

July 3, 1963 (Wednesday)

July 4, 1963 (Thursday)

July 5, 1963 (Friday)

July 6, 1963 (Saturday)

  • The
    Roman Catholic Church relaxed the ban on cremation as a funeral practice, when Pope Paul VI issued the Instruction that "the burning of the body, after all, has no effect on the soul, nor does it inhibit Almighty God from re-establishing the body", although the decision would not be revealed until May 2, 1964.[27]
  • Elections were held in Jordan for the 80 seats in the Chamber of Deputies of the National Assembly. All of the candidates were independent, in that political parties were banned at the time, and the results, as with most of the elections in Jordan to that time, were "poorly documented" and not officially published.[28]
  • Blood Feast first premiered at the Bellevue Drive-In in Bellevue, Illinois (now Peoria).[29] Composed, shot, and directed by Herschell Gordon Lewis, the film is considered to be the first Splatter film, a sub-genre of horror noted for its graphic depictions of on-screen gore.[30]
  • The Vanoise National Park, located in the department of Savoie in the French Alps, was designated France's first National Park.[31]
  • A partial lunar eclipse took place.[32]
  • Died:
    Georg Alexander

July 7, 1963 (Sunday)

July 8, 1963 (Monday)

July 9, 1963 (Tuesday)

  • The "
    Sultanate of Brunei, declined to join the Federation.[40] The state of Singapore would be expelled from the Federation of Malaysia on August 9, 1965 and would become an independent republic.[41]
  • Gemini astronaut candidates began testing of the "human centrifuge" equipped to simulate the command pilot's position in the spacecraft. The testing was for evaluation of pilot controls and displays required for launch and reentry of a Gemini mission, along with the seat and pressure suit operation under acceleration, and the restraint system. The participating astronauts were generally satisfied but recommended minor changes.[21]
  • The
    G2C Gemini pressure suit made by David Clark Company proved unsatisfactory because the torso could be stretched out of shape and a visor guard had made the helmet too large to wear during use of the escape hatch.[21]

July 10, 1963 (Wednesday)

  • The brief partnership of "Rodgers and Lerner" was dissolved, and production of the first Rodgers-Lerner musical, I Picked a Daisy, was halted permanently. Composer Richard Rodgers had successfully collaborated with lyricist Lorenz Hart (Babes in Arms), and then with lyricist Oscar Hammerstein II (The Sound of Music), while lyricist Alan Jay Lerner had a successful team with composer Frederick Loewe (My Fair Lady). The two were unable to work together successfully beyond "half a dozen" songs for Daisy.[42]
  • The all-white University of South Carolina was ordered to admit its first African-American student, Henri Monteith, by order of U.S. District Judge J. Robert Martin. On the same day, Judge Martin ordered the desegregation of all 26 of South Carolina's state parks.[43]
  • Coordination between
    U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) in crewed space station studies was reported by a panel to be inadequate, especially at the technical level.[44]
  • Project Emily, the deployment of American-built PGM-17 Thor Intermediate-range ballistic missiles in the United Kingdom, was disbanded.
  • A Vostok-2 rocket launched by the USSR failed shortly after take-off.

July 11, 1963 (Thursday)

July 12, 1963 (Friday)

July 13, 1963 (Saturday)

July 14, 1963 (Sunday)

July 15, 1963 (Monday)

July 16, 1963 (Tuesday)

  • At
    The Boeing Company space chamber. Designed and built for NASA's Office of Advanced Research and Technology, the chamber was first in the U.S. to include all life-support equipment for a multi-person, long-duration space mission (including environmental control, waste disposal, and crew hygiene and food techniques). In addition to the life support equipment, a number of crew tests simulated specific problems of spaceflight. Five days into the 30-day test, however, the simulated mission was halted because of a faulty reactor tank.[44]
  • The Peerage Act 1963 was approved by the House of Lords, 105 to 25.[64] The change of rules, which received royal assent on July 31, cleared the way for hereditary peers within the House of Lords to disclaim their peerages in order to be allowed to run for and take a seat in the elected House of Commons. Tony Benn, who lost his seat in Commons in 1960 when he inherited the title of Viscount Stansgate and automatically became a member of the House of Lords, disqualified himself under the new law and successfully ran for office under in a by-election.
  • Born:

July 17, 1963 (Wednesday)

July 18, 1963 (Thursday)

  • Colonel Jassem Alwan of the Syrian army, backed by financing from President Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, led an attempt to overthrow the government of Syria in order to establish a pro-Nasser government that would reunite with the United Arab Republic. The coup attempt came only 30 minutes after President Lu'ay al-Atassi had departed from Damascus on an invitation from President Nasser for a meeting in Egypt.[67] After Alwan seized the Damascus radio station and the Syrian Army headquarters, Interior Minister Amin al-Hafiz, "sub-machinegun in hand", directed the Ba'ath Party National Guard on a counterattack and regained control. Hundreds of people were killed in the battle; Alwan was able to escape, but 27 officers who had participated in the coup were executed by firing squad, marking an end of "the time-honoured tradition whereby losers were banished to embassies abroad".[68] President Atassi would resign on July 27 in protest over the brutal treatment of the coup leaders.
  • Greek Cup football competition, 3 to 0 over Pierikos
    .
  • Born: Marc Girardelli, Austrian Olympic alpine ski racer; in Lustenau[69]

July 19, 1963 (Friday)

  • A 25-pound (11 kg) bomb was dropped on downtown San Francisco, inadvertently, by a
    U.S. Navy Reserve pilot on a routine exercise flight. The unarmed bomb fell at the intersection of Market Street and Front Street, bounced over the eight-story tall IBM building and damaged another building three blocks away, but nobody was injured.[70]
  • An
    Michael E. DeBakey. The unidentified patient survived for four days before dying of complications from pneumonia.[71]
  • American
    X-15, reached an altitude of 65.8 miles (105.9 km), achieving a sub-orbital spaceflight by recognized international standards (which define outer space as beginning 100 kilometres (62 mi) above the Earth).[72]
  • Died: Guy Scholefield, 86, New Zealand archivist who compiled the Dictionary of New Zealand Biography

July 20, 1963 (Saturday)

Solar eclipse of July 20, 1963

July 21, 1963 (Sunday)

July 22, 1963 (Monday)

  • World heavyweight boxing champion Sonny Liston retained his title in a rematch fight against former champion Floyd Patterson, whom he had defeated ten months earlier, on September 20, 1962. In the first bout, he knocked out Patterson in the first round in two minutes, six seconds. In the rematch at Las Vegas, Liston took four seconds longer.[82]
  • Please Please Me became the first record album by The Beatles to be released in the United States. Vee Jay Records deleted two of the songs that had appeared on the British version introduced on March 22, including the title song.[83]
  • Sarawak was granted conditional independence from the British Empire pending the establishment of the Federation of Malaysia.

July 23, 1963 (Tuesday)

July 24, 1963 (Wednesday)

July 25, 1963 (Thursday)

July 26, 1963 (Friday)

July 27, 1963 (Saturday)

  • Syria's Lu'ay al-Atassi, whom rebels loyal to the United Arab Republic had attempted to overthrow on July 18, resigned as both the Chairman of the Syrian Revolutionary Council, equivalent to the president of the Middle Eastern republic and as Commander in Chief of the Syrian Army, and was replaced in both jobs by the Deputy Premier, Major General Amin al-Hafiz, who was also Minister of Defense and Minister of the Interior.[95] Although no explanation was given at the time for Atassi's sudden departure, a later account said that he quit because of Hafiz's order of execution of 27 of the rebels by firing squad.[68] brutal treatment of the coup leaders.
  • Tom and Jerry make another return to theaters with their first cartoon short since 1962, Pent-House Mouse. Chuck Jones, best known for his work on Looney Tunes, would direct 33 more shorts, ending with Purr-Chance to Dream in 1967.[96]
  • The computer science study of analysis of algorithms was initiated by the publication of "Notes on Open Addressing", by Donald Knuth.[97]
Morgan

July 28, 1963 (Sunday)

July 29, 1963 (Monday)

  • The Los Angeles Herald-Examiner published its copyrighted story, "Black Muslim Founder Exposed as a White", that W. D. Fard, who had started the black nationalist organization in 1930, had actually been a white man named Wallace Dodd. The Herald-Examiner story included photographs supplied by the FBI, but Fard's successors at the Nation of Islam denied the story as a hoax.[104]
  • West Indies defeated England in the 4th Test (cricket) by 221 runs, at Headingley, Leeds.[105]
  • The Tu-124A prototype, SSSR-45075, made its first flight.

July 30, 1963 (Tuesday)

July 31, 1963 (Wednesday)

  • The Peerage Act 1963 received royal assent in the United Kingdom, opening membership in the House of Lords to women, and to more than the 16 members of the peerage of Scotland. In addition, the Act allowed an hereditary peer to disclaim his automatic membership among the Lords, which would clear the way for Alec Douglas-Home to become a member of the House of Commons, then Prime Minister.[64]
  • Cleveland Indians. Only one other player accomplished the feat, when Chase Wright of the New York Yankees gave up four homers in a row in a 7–6 loss to the Boston Red Sox on April 22, 2007.[107]
  • United Nations Security Council Resolution 180 was adopted, calling upon Portugal to recognize the right of the peoples of its colonial empire to self-determination and independence.[108] The United Kingdom, the United States and France, three of the five permanent members of the Council, abstained.[109]
  • Dr.
    Arturo Illia was formally elected as President of Argentina by that nation's electoral college, receiving 261 of the 576 votes. Minutes later, former President Arturo Frondizi was released by the military government that had deposed him on March 29, 1962. Dr. Illia would be inaugurated on October 12.[110]
  • The Tupamaros (officially, the Movimiento de Liberacion Nacional or MLN), a terrorist organization seeking to overthrow the government of Uruguay and to rid the South American nation of American and Brazilian businesses, carried out their first attack, striking at a gun club in Montevideo.[111]
  • Electronic-Electrical Interference (EEI) Tests of Gemini launch vehicle (GLV) 1 began in the vertical test facility at Martin-Baltimore, to uncover any interference between GLV electrical and electronic systems.[21]
  • The
    Republic of the Philippines.[112]
  • Born:
    Bromley, Kent[113]

References

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  2. ^ Patrick A. Reebel, United States Post Office: Current Issues and Historical Background (Nova Publishers, 2003) p26
  3. ^ "11 of 13 Aboard Killed In Plane Crash in Brazil", The New York Times, July 2, 1963, p. 2
  4. ^ Aviation Safety Network
  5. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2
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  6. ^ "Zanzibar Sultan Dies In Surgery", UPI report in Santa Maria (CA) Times, July 1, 1963, p. 9
  7. ^ James G. Blight, The Shattered Crystal Ball: Fear and Learning in the Cuban Missile Crisis (Rowman & Littlefield, 1992) p144
  8. ^ "Khrushchev Links 2 Treaty Drives", by Arthur J. Olsen, The New York Times, July 3, 1963, p. 1
  9. ^ "Excerpts From Khrushchev's Berlin Call for Two Agreements", The New York Times, July 3, 1963, p. 4
  10. ^ "7 Killed In Plane Crash", Miami News, July 3, 1963, p4A
  11. ^ "Plane Crashes; 7 Die, 36 Hurt", Chicago Tribune, July 3, 1963, p. 1
  12. ^ Jim Kaplan, The Greatest Game Ever Pitched: Juan Marichal, Warren Spahn, and the Pitching Duel of the Century (Triumph Books, 2013)
  13. ^ Warren N. Wilbert, What Makes an Elite Pitcher?: Young, Mathewson, Johnson, Alexander, Grove, Spahn, Seaver, Clemens, and Maddux (McFarland, 2003) p233
  14. ^ "Cruel Worlds: Forty years ago, promising UW track standouts fell from grace", by Dan Raley, Seattle Post-Intelligencer, May 22, 2003
  15. ^ "Welk, Herman Star at Harah's Tahoe", "Resort Report" column by John L. Scott, Los Angeles Times, July 3, 1963, p. IV-6
  16. ^ "Alicia Patterson Of Newsday Dies", Daily News (New York), July 3, 1963, p. 2
  17. ^ Robert F. Keeler, Newsday: A Candid History of the Respectable Tabloid (Morrow and Company, 1990) p. 317
  18. ^ "Airliner Down; 23 Feared Dead", Miami News, July 3, 1963, p4A
  19. ^ Carol Reardon, Pickett's Charge in History and Memory (UNC Press Books, 2003)
  20. ^ Council of Europe, Yearbook of the European Convention on Human Rights, 1989 (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1993) p117
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. Grimwood, James M.; Hacker, Barton C.; Vorzimmer, Peter J. "PART II (A) Development and Qualification January 1963 through December 1963". Project Gemini Technology and Operations - A Chronology. NASA Special Publication-4002. NASA. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
  22. ^ MacFarquhar, Roderick (1999). The Origins of the Cultural Revolution: The Coming of the Cataclysm 1961–1966. Columbia University Press. p. 351.
  23. ^ Low, Alfred D. (1976). The Sino-Soviet Dispute: An Analysis of the Polemics. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. p. 154.
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  26. Pittsburgh Press
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  27. ^ "Catholic Church", in Encyclopedia Of Cremation, Douglas J. Davies and Lewis H. Mates, eds. (Ashgate Publishing,, 2005) pp113-114, p141.
  28. ^ Dieter Nohlen, et al., Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook (Oxford University Press, 2001) p147
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  35. ^ "JET FALLS IN BOYS' CAMP, 7 DIE", Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, July 8, 1963, p1
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  41. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
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  42. ^ Lees, Gene (1990). The Musical Worlds Of Lerner & Loewe. University of Nebraska Press. p. 212.
  43. ^ "Race Bar Lifted In South Carolina". Miami News. July 11, 1963. p. 1.
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  45. ^ "Army Ousts President Of Ecuador". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. July 12, 1963. p. 1.
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  47. ^ "33 Die in Riverboat Sinking". The Times. No. 55751. London. 12 July 1963. col F, p. 10.
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  54. ^ "Filipinos OK Land Reform". Miami News. July 13, 1963. p. 2.
  55. ^ Singapore Prisons Department: MAJOR PRISON DISTURBANCES: CAUSES AND RESPONSES. Accessed 20 March 2013
  56. ^ Summers, Alison (2010). Girl's Guide to Predators. Macmillan.
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  58. ^ "Soviet plane disaster: 30 die", The Indian Express (Mumbai), July 18, 1963, p. 8
  59. ^ Fay Alailima, New Politics in the South Pacific (University of the South Pacific, 1994) p21
  60. ^ "Carlos Manuel Cecilio Rodríguez Santiago (1918-1963)". Blesseds: Table of the Beatifications during the Pontificate of His Holiness John Paul II. The Holy See. Retrieved 2007-06-04.
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  65. ^ "Redistricting by U.S. Court Ends Rural Domination in Oklahoma", The New York Times, July 18, 1963, p. 9
  66. ^ "About". State Senator Katherine Clark (official website). Archived from the original on September 27, 2013. Retrieved June 29, 2013.
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  77. ^ "Inquiry Into St. Lawrence Collision". The Times. No. 55872. London. 30 November 1963. col A, p. 7.
  78. ^ "Chinese Depart; Feud Lingers". Miami News. July 21, 1963. p. 1.
  79. ^ Effrat, Louis (July 21, 1963). "SU MAC LAD, 9-20, TRIUMPHS IN TROT; Takes $50,000 International and Ties World Record-- Martini II Runner-Up Dutch Horse Last Su Mac Lad Takes International Trot". The New York Times. Retrieved February 17, 2009.
  80. ^ White, Gordon S. Jr. (July 22, 1963). "Nicklaus Rallies With a 68 for 279 and Takes P.G.A. Title by Two Strokes". The New York Times. p. 41.
  81. ^ "Coast Scientist Named to Head Space Agency's Moon Program; NEW CHIEF NAMED FOR MOON PROJECT". The New York Times. 24 July 1963. Page 1, columns 5-6. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
  82. ^ "Liston's Slowing -- Took Him 4 Seconds Longer", Miami News, July 23, 1963, p2B
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  94. ^ "1,000 Feared Dead In Quake". Miami News. July 26, 1963. p. 1.
  95. ^ "El-Hafez Takes Control in Syria— ", The New York Times, July 28, 1963, p. 5
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  108. ^ "Portugal Africa Policy Condemned By U.N.". Miami News. July 31, 1963. p. 1.
  109. Frank Cass Publishers
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  111. Scarecrow Press
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  112. ^ Rajaretnam, M. (1978). Trends in the Philippines II. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 60.
  113. ISBN 978-0-85712-595-8
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