Jund Dimashq
Jund Dimashq (
Abbasid dynasties. It was named after its capital and largest city, Damascus ("Dimashq"), which in the Umayyad period was also the capital of the Caliphate
.
Geography and administrative division
Unlike any other province of the
Later Arab geographers divide the jund of Damascus into the following districts: the
al-Sharah, with capital at Adhruh, sometimes recorded as belonging to Jund Filastin; and al-Jibal.[5] Other principal towns and cities were Beirut, Sidon, Tyre (the tax proceeds of which went to Jund al-Urdunn), Tripoli and Jubail along the coast. The coastal cities and their immediate surroundings formed their own small districts.[6]
In its tribal make-up, the jund of Damascus was chiefly
Yamani, but with a sizeable minority of Qaysi tribes.[3] The annual tax proceeds of the province totalled 450,000 gold dinars according to Ya'qubi, 400,000 according to al-Baladhuri, and 420,000 according to al-Jahshiyari; Qudama ibn Ja'far gives the low number of 110,000 dinars, but this probably reflects the effects of the civil war of the Fourth Fitna.[7] In terms of troops, under the Caliph al-Walid I (r. 705–715), 45,000 men were in the rolls for the jund of Damascus, although presumably not all of them were effectives.[8]
Governors
Umayyad period
- Dahhak ibn Qays al-Fihri (661–680; governed under Caliph Mu'awiya I)[9]
- Abd al-Rahman ibn Umm al-Hakam al-Thaqafi (undetermined period in 685–705 during the rule of Caliph Abd al-Malik)[10]
- Abd al-Aziz ibn al-Walid (undetermined period in 705–715 during the rule of his father Caliph al-Walid I)[11]
- Umar II for an undetermined period)[12]
- Dahhak ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Ash'ari (undetermined period in 717–720; governed under Umar II)[13]
- Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Utba al-Fihri (undetermined period in 720–724; governed under Caliph Yazid II)[14]
- Walid ibn Talid al-Murri (undetermined period in 720–732; governed under Yazid II and continued in office under Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik until being reassigned by the latter to Mosul in 732)[15]
- Hakam ibn Walid ibn Yazid ibn Abd al-Malik (743–744; governed under his father Caliph al-Walid II)[16]
- Abd al-Samad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hajjaj (743–744; a grandson of al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, governed as Hakam ibn Walid's lieutenant)[16]
References
- ^ Cobb 2001, pp. 11–12.
- ^ Blankinship 1994, pp. 47–48.
- ^ a b Cobb 2001, p. 13.
- ^ Blankinship 1994, p. 48.
- ^ Le Strange 1890, pp. 32–35.
- ^ Le Strange 1890, pp. 32–35, 39.
- ^ Blankinship 1994, p. 49.
- ^ Blankinship 1994, pp. 49–50.
- ^ Gundelfinger & Verkinderen 2020, p. 97.
- ^ Crone 1980, p. 124.
- ^ Crone 1980, p. 125.
- ^ Crone 1980, pp. 126–127.
- ^ Crone 1980, p. 127.
- ^ Crone 1980, p. 128.
- ^ Crone 1980, pp. 128–129.
- ^ a b Crone 1980, p. 129.
Sources
- ISBN 978-0-7914-1827-7.
- ISBN 0-521-52940-9.
- Cobb, Paul M. (2001). White Banners: Contention in ‘Abbāsid Syria, 750–880. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-7914-4880-0.
- Gundelfinger, Simon; Verkinderen, Peter (2020). "The Governors of al-Sham and Fars in the Early Islamic Empire - A Comparative Regional Perspective". In Hagemann, Hannah-Lena; Heidemann, Stefan (eds.). Elites — Connecting the Early Islamic Empire. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 255–330. ISBN 978-3-11-066648-9.
- OCLC 1004386.
