Juniperus californica
California juniper | |
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Specimen (middle ground) in Mount Diablo, California | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Gymnospermae |
Division: | Pinophyta |
Class: | Pinopsida |
Order: | Cupressales
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Family: | Cupressaceae |
Genus: | Juniperus |
Section: | Juniperus sect. Sabina
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Species: | J. californica
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Binomial name | |
Juniperus californica | |
Natural range of Juniperus californica | |
Closeup of natural range |
Juniperus californica, the California juniper, is a species of juniper native to southwestern North America.
Description
Juniperus californica is a
The foliage is bluish-gray and scale-like. The juvenile
The
The California juniper is closely related to the Utah juniper (J. osteosperma) from further east, which shares the stout shoots and relatively large cones, but differs in that Utah juniper is largely monoecious. Its cones take longer to mature (two growing seasons), and it is also markedly more cold-tolerant.[citation needed]
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Traumatized shrub form in Riverside County, California
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Shrub in Joshua Tree National Park, California
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Foliage and fruit
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Unripe juniper berries
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Ripe juniper berries
Distribution and habitat
As the name implies, it is mainly in numerous
It grows at moderate altitudes of 750–1,600 m (2,460–5,250 ft). Habitats include: pinyon–juniper woodland with single-leaf pinyon (Pinus monophylla); Joshua tree woodland; and foothill woodlands, in the montane chaparral and woodlands and interior chaparral and woodlands sub-ecoregions.[citation needed]
Conservation
The species is listed by the
Ecology
J. californica provides food and shelter for a variety of native species, such as turkeys, deer, and many others. However, as the species matures, it becomes too tall to provide adequate food and shelter for deer and other ground animals of similar size.[11] is a larval host for the native moth sequoia sphinx (Sphinx sequoiae).
Uses
The plant was used as a traditional Native American
J. californica is cultivated as an
References
- . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ "Juniperus californica Carrière". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved November 13, 2022.
- ^ "Juniperus californica Carrière". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000. n.d. Retrieved November 13, 2022.
- ^ a b c d "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center – The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org.
- ^ Charters, Michael L. (2007): Wildflowers and Other Plants of Southern California: Juniperus californica. Retrieved October 16, 2007.
- ^ "Juniperus californica". in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora. Jepson Herbarium; University of California, Berkeley. 2018. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
- ^ Sullivan, Steven. K. (2018). "Juniperus californica". Wildflower Search. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
- ^ a b Luna-Mendoza, Luciana; Aguirre-Muñoz, Alfonso; Hernández-Montoya, J.C.; Torres-Aguilar, Marisol; García-Carreón, Jacinto; Hernandez, Orlando; Luvianos-Colin, Sergio; Cárdenas, Ana; Méndez Sánchez, Federico (2019). "Ten years after feral goat eradication: the active restoration of plant communities on Guadalupe Island, Mexico". Occasional Paper SSC. 62: 571–575.
- ^ Rebman, J. P.; Gibson, J.; Rich, K. (2016). "Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Baja California, Mexico" (PDF). San Diego Society of Natural History. 45: 23.
- (HTML abstract)
- ^ "Juniperus californica". www.fs.fed.us. Retrieved 2020-11-14.
- ^ "BRIT – Native American Ethnobotany Database". naeb.brit.org.
- ^ Sutton, Mark Q.; Earle, David D. (2017). The Desert Serrano of the Mojave River (PDF). Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly. p. 8.
- ^ "Juniper – California Juniper". mojavedesert.net. Retrieved 2020-11-14.
- ^ "Juniperus californica, California Juniper". www.laspilitas.com.
Further reading
- Adams, Robert P. (1993): 10. Juniperus californica. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (eds.): Flora of North America North of Mexico vol. 2.
- Adams, Robert P. (2004): Junipers of the World: The Genus Juniperus. Trafford Publishing ISBN 141204250X.