Kadapa

Coordinates: 14°28′N 78°49′E / 14.47°N 78.82°E / 14.47; 78.82
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the Kadapa city. For Kadapa district, see Kadapa district. For other uses, see Kadapa (disambiguation).

Kadapa
Cuddapah
Municipal Corporation
 • BodyKadapa Municipal Corporation Annamayya Urban Development Authority (AUDA)
 • 
Telephone code
08562
Vehicle registrationAP-39 now, (AP-04)before
Websitekadapa.cdma.ap.gov.in

Kadapa is a city in the southern part of

Nallamala and Palkonda Hills lying on the tectonic landscape between the Eastern and Western ghats. Black and Red ferrous soils occupy the region. The city is nicknamed "Gadapa" ('threshold') since it is the gateway from the west to the hills of Tirumala
.

Kadapa has been under different rulers in its history, including the

Cholas, the Vijayanagara Empire and Kingdom of Mysore
.

Etymology

The city's name originated from the Telugu word "Gadapa" meaning threshold or gate. It acquired this name with its relation to the Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala; one had to pass through this city in the olden days to reach Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala. In Telugu, the word Gadapa means a threshold and over time, the name evolved into Kadapa. It was spelled "Cuddapah" but was changed to "Kadapa" on 19 August 2005 to reflect the local pronunciation of the name.[1] Some of the inscriptions found recently have mentioned about this place as Hiranyanagaram as well as there are official records that show it was also called Nekanamabad.dilazak empire

History

Post classical era (200–800 AD)

The history of Kadapa dates back to the second century BC. The evidences of

Pallava. Among all of these dynasties, first one to rule over Kadapa was Pallava dynasty. Pallava kings ruled over the city during the fifth century after penetrating into North of Kadapa. After that Cholas ruled till the eighth century after defeating Pallavas. Later Banas ruled over Kadapa.[2]

Era (8th to 18th centuries AD)

Ancient Kadapa region part of Vijayanagara Empire ruled between 1336 - 1646
Siddhout fort near Kadapa

After Banas,

Telugu Cholas, were the next one to rule Kadapa. Ambadeva
ruled Kadapa in the latter half of the 13th century when he established the capital at Vallur, which is located at a distance of about 15 km from Kadapa.

After the death of Ambadeva, the Kakatiya king

Marathas
took over the city in 1740 after defeating the Nawab of Kurnool and Cuddapah.

Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan also ruled the city (1784-1792) before it fell in the hands of Nizam by the Treaty of Seringapatam[3] in 1792. Tipu's grandmother, Hyder Ali’s mother Fatima Fakhr-un-Nisa was the daughter of Mir Muin-ud-Din, the governor of the fort of Kadapa.

Later the

Sir Thomas Munro. In 2004, Kadapa was recognised as a municipal corporation.[4]

Geography

Topography

Palkonda Hills near Kadapa

Kadapa in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh is located at 14°28′N 78°49′E / 14.47°N 78.82°E / 14.47; 78.82 about 260 km from Chennai, 250 km from Bangalore and 360 km from Vijayawada.[5] The city is situated in the Bugga vanka or Ralla Vanka rivers bordered by the Palakondas to the south and to the east by a patch of hills casting north for the Lankamalas on Penna's other side.[6] It has an average elevation of 138 metres (452 ft).[7] Veligonda hills separates the districts of Nellore and Kadapa.[8]

Climate

Kadapa has a

northeast monsoon. About 615 millimetres or 24.2 inches of the average total annual rainfall of around 770 millimetres or 30.3 inches occurs between June and October. Winters are comparatively milder and the temperatures are lower after the onset of the monsoons. During this time the temperatures range from a minimum of 17 °C or 63 °F and can rise up to a maximum of 32 °C or 90 °F. Humidity is much lower during the winter season, which is the best time to visit the area.[9]

Climate data for Kadapa (1981–2010, extremes 1901–2007)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 37.8
(100.0) 		41.5
(106.7) 		43.5
(110.3) 		45.3
(113.5) 		46.1
(115.0) 		45.7
(114.3) 		40.6
(105.1) 		40.0
(104.0) 		39.8
(103.6) 		39.5
(103.1) 		36.5
(97.7) 		35.6
(96.1) 		46.1
(115.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 32.1
(89.8) 		35.3
(95.5) 		38.8
(101.8) 		40.8
(105.4) 		40.5
(104.9) 		37.1
(98.8) 		34.8
(94.6) 		33.7
(92.7) 		33.8
(92.8) 		32.7
(90.9) 		31.2
(88.2) 		30.6
(87.1) 		35.1
(95.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 18.9
(66.0) 		20.9
(69.6) 		24.2
(75.6) 		27.1
(80.8) 		27.8
(82.0) 		26.7
(80.1) 		25.6
(78.1) 		25.1
(77.2) 		24.7
(76.5) 		23.8
(74.8) 		21.1
(70.0) 		18.9
(66.0) 		23.7
(74.7)
Record low °C (°F) 10.0
(50.0) 		12.0
(53.6) 		12.6
(54.7) 		17.2
(63.0) 		18.0
(64.4) 		17.6
(63.7) 		16.2
(61.2) 		16.0
(60.8) 		14.6
(58.3) 		16.0
(60.8) 		13.8
(56.8) 		10.6
(51.1) 		10.0
(50.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 2.6
(0.10) 		0.8
(0.03) 		6.6
(0.26) 		16.5
(0.65) 		51.6
(2.03) 		76.9
(3.03) 		122.7
(4.83) 		119.0
(4.69) 		156.2
(6.15) 		139.5
(5.49) 		60.0
(2.36) 		18.1
(0.71) 		770.4
(30.33)
Average rainy days 0.2 0.1 0.5 1.0 2.3 4.2 6.9 6.9 7.6 6.6 4.2 1.3 41.7
Average
relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST
) 		50 39 31 30 34 46 52 56 58 63 65 60 49
Source: India Meteorological Department[10][11]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1871 16,307—    
1891 18,307+12.3%
1901 16,432−10.2%
1911 17,807+8.4%
1961 49,027+175.3%
1971 66,195+35.0%
1981 103,125+55.8%
1991 121,463+17.8%
2001 287,093+136.4%
2011 344,893+20.1%
Source: [12][bare URL]
Religion in Kadapa (2011)[13]
Hinduism
 
 65.42%
Islam
 
 31.65%
Christianity
 
 1.81%
Other or not stated
 
 1.12%

The population of Kadapa was first counted in 1871 during the first census of India, which was held until 1911[14] (pg 176). However, after no historical records are available until 1961. Kadapa is one of the largest and fastest developing cities in Andhra Pradesh. As per the 1991 census the population of the town was 1,21,463. It didn't increase much as per the 2001 census which recorded 1,26,505 lakhs for 20 wards population with an average decadal growth rate of 0.36 per cent.[

Municipal Corporation in 2005. As per provisional data of 2011 census, Kadapa urban agglomeration has a population of 344,078, out of which males are 172,969 and females are 171,109. The literacy rate is 79.34 per cent. The religious population has 65% Hindus, 32% Muslims and 2% Christians.[15][16]

Languages

Languages of Kadapa (2011)[17]

  Telugu (67.37%)
  Urdu (31.04%)
  Others (1.59%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 67.37% of the population spoke Telugu and 31.04% Urdu as their first language.[17]

Administration

Local government

A 4 Lane Service road, NGO Colony Kadapa

The

corporator through direct election, who in turn elects the Mayor.[18]
The District court is located in the city itself.

Culture

The city has rich culture and heritage with the influence of different dynasties. There are different rituals, customs and traditions with the existence of different religions such as, Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism and Jainism. The city is known for its historic Devuni Kadapa and Ameen Peer Dargah.

Arts and crafts

Shilparamam is a crafts village situated in the outskirts of Kadapa.[19]

Cuisine

Kadapa is well known for its spicy and culinary food which is very similar to the South Indian food. Karam dosa is one of the most favourite item of kadapa citizens. People have

Ragi sangati with chicken curry is the staple food in Kadapa and is also one of the most famous dishes in the city. Many other varieties of dishes can also be found in the local restaurants. Like many other cities of India fast food is also increasing its reach in the city.[20]

Economy

Employees' Provident Fund Organisation, Kadapa

The economy of city is largely based on Agriculture crops like ground nut, cotton, red gram, Bengal gram are grown here and Mining. Being a district headquarters all types of Government departments are situated within the city. For most of the families the source of income is through the Government jobs and Private sector jobs in various departments including Business Shops, Hospitality industry, Marketing . Apart from these Tourism also forms a part of economy to the city. Kadapa is one of the 49 metropolitan clusters selected by McKinsey & Company as growth hotspots in India.[21]

Education

The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools of the School Education Department of the state.[22][23]

Institutions

RIMS Medical College Entrance

Transport

Kadapa City is well connected by Road, Rail and Air.

Roadways

Pulivendula-Kadapa 4 lane road near Pulivendula
Kadapa Bus Station view

Kadapa has good road connectivity to the other major places like Tirupati, Bangalore, Chennai, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Rajahmundry, Kakinada, Nellore, Kurnool, Anantapur.

APSRTC provides bus services to various destinations of the Kadapa district and other cities across South India. The city has a total road length of 803.84 km.[24]

Railways

Long View of Station Building
Kadapa Airport Terminal

Kadapa has its own railway station in the city. It is one of the Earliest Railway station in the state opened around 1866. The

Bengaluru
from Kadapa, although occasional special trains and diverted trains do connect them. Neither are flights to Bengaluru available earlier, however, Indigo started its operations at Kadapa airport connecting the city to Bengaluru(along with Chennai, Hyderabad, Vizag). Kadapa is well connected by road so bus services are widely used.

Airways

Kadapa Airport was opened for air traffic on 7 June 2015. It's located at a distance of 12 km north west of the city.

Airlines and Destinations – Kadapa Airport
Airlines Destinations
Indigo Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam

See also

References

  1. ^ "It will be 'Kadapa' henceforth". The Hindu. 18 August 2005. Archived from the original on 10 July 2010. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
  2. ^ "Kadapa Municipal Corporation About Kadapa". Kadapa Municipal Corporation. Archived from the original on 14 February 2016. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
  3. ^ "History of Kadapa". kadapaonline.in.
  4. ^ "Brief about Kadapa Municipal Corporation". Municipal Administration & Urban Development Department, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original on 16 November 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
  5. ^ "redirect to /world/IN/02/Cuddapah.html". fallingrain.com.
  6. ^ "Geography of Cuddapah, Climate of Cuddapah, Rivers in Kadapa". kadapaonline.in.
  7. ^ Hussain (18 December 2010). "Kadapa City". kadapacityrayalseema.blogspot.com.
  8. ^ Prasad, P. V. (14 June 2018). "Railways building South India's longest tunnel". www.thehansindia.com. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  9. ^ "KADAPA Weather, Temperature, Best Season, Kadapa Weather Forecast, Climate". mustseeindia.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  10. ^ "Station: Cuddapah Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 213–214. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
  11. ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
  12. ^ Kadapa Municipal Corporation
  13. ^ "C-01 Population By Religious Community: Andhra Pradesh". Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  14. ^ Brackenbury, C. F. (10 May 1915). Madras Districts Gazetteers: Cuddapah District. Superintendent Government Printing, Madras – via dspace.gipe.ac.in.
  15. ^ "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  16. ^ "Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  17. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population By Mother Tongue (Town level): Andhra Pradesh". Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  18. ^ ":: KADAPA MUNICIPAL CORPORATION". ap.gov.in. Archived from the original on 22 June 2014. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  19. ^ "Y.S.R.-District Panchayat". appr.gov.in.
  20. ^ "Cuisine of Kadapa". kadapaonline.in.
  21. ^ "McKinsey identifies 49 metropolitan clusters that could be growth hotspots". 30 October 2014.
  22. ^ "School Education Department" (PDF). School Education Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 December 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  23. ^ "The Department of School Education – Official AP State Government Portal | AP State Portal". www.ap.gov.in. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  24. ^ "DETAILS OF ROADS IN EACH ULB OF ANDHRA PRADESH". Archived from the original on 1 August 2016.

External links

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