Kalachuris of Kalyani

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For other Kalachuris dynasties, see Kalachuri dynasty (disambiguation).
Kalachuri dynasty of Kalyani
1164CE–1181 CE
Coinage of the Kalachuris of Kalyana, from the time of Bijjala of Kalachuri
Coinage of the Kalachuris of Kalyana, from the time of Bijjala
CapitalKalyani (
Basavakalyana)
Common languagesKannada
Religion
Shaivism , Vaishnavism
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy
History 
• Established
1164CE
• Disestablished
1181 CE
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Western Chalukyas
Seuna
Hoysala
Hero stone with 1160 CE Old Kannada inscription from the rule of Kalachuri King Bijjala in the Kedareshvara temple at Balligavi, Shimoga district, Karnataka state
Old Kannada inscription of Rayamuri Sovideva dated 1172 CE at the Jain temple in Lakkundi, Gadag district, Karnataka state
Sangamanatha temple at Kudalasangama, North Karnataka

The Kalachuris of Kalyani, also Southern Kalachuris, were a 12th-century Indian dynasty, who ruled over parts of present-day northern Karnataka and Maharashtra. This dynasty rose to power in the Deccan region between 1156 and 1181 CE (25 years).

The rulers of the dynasty traced their origins to one Krishna, who is said to have conquered

Virashaiva sect was founded during these times in a time extent of 25 years.[1]

A unique and purely native form of

Vachanas
were called Vachanakaras (poets). Many other important works like Virupaksha Pandita's Chennabasavapurana, Dharani Pandita's Bijjalarayacharite and Chandrasagara Varni's Bijjalarayapurana were also written.

Origin

The Kalachuris of Kalyani overthrew the

Badami Chalukyas, the Kalachuris of Mahishmati had carved out an extensive empire covering areas of Gujarat, Malwa, Konkan and parts of Maharashtra. However, after their crippling defeat at the hands of Chalukya Mangalesha, they remained in obscurity for a prolonged period of time. Subsequently, the Kalachuris of Tripuri
and their branches rose to power in central India.

An 1174 CE record says the Kalyani Kalachuri dynasty was founded by one Soma who grew beard and moustache to save himself from the wrath of Parashurama, and thereafter the family came to be known as "Kalachuris", Kalli meaning a long moustache and churi meaning a sharp knife. They migrated to the south and made Magaliveda or Mangalavedhe (Mangalavada) their capital. They titled themselves Kalanjara-puravaradhisvara ("Lord of

Haihaya
(or Heheya).

The later records of the dynasty claim that they descended from Brahma, the Creator of the universe.

As feudatories of Chalukyas

The first notable chief of the Kalachuri family of

Chalukya king by matrimony.[3]

Decline

The Southern Kaluchuri kingdom went into decline after the assassination of Bijalla. The rulers who followed were weak and incompetent, with the exception of Sovideva, who managed to maintain control over the kingdom. Western Chalukyas ended the Kalachuri Dynasty. Many Kalachuri families migrated to Kanara districts of Karnataka. The Kalachuris are the principal characters in the Andhra epic Palnati Veera Charitra, as the in-laws of the king Malidevaraju.[4][5][6][7]

Rulers

Part of a series on the
History of Karnataka
Topics
Polities
Categories
  • Uchita
  • Asaga
  • Kannam
  • Kiriyasaga
  • Bijjala I
  • Kannama
  • Jogama
  • Permadi
  • Bijjala II (1130–1167): proclaimed independence in 1162.
  • Sovideva (1168–1176)
  • Mallugi; overthrown by brother Sankama
  • Sankama (1176–1180)
  • Ahavamalla (1180–1183)
  • Singhana (1183–1184)

Inscriptions and coinage

As per the 1163 CE inscription which records a religious offering (mahadana) in the presence of Hampi Lord Virupaksha by Bijjala the Kalachuri King.[8]

The Southern Kalachuri kings minted coins with Kannada inscriptions on them.

Notes

  1. ^ Students' Britannica India By Dale Hoiberg, Indu Ramchandani.
  2. ^ "Chalukyas of Kalyana (973- 1198 CE)". Retrieved 31 March 2009.
  3. ^ "43. Rayamurari Sovideva". Great History Of Mudiraja Caste.
  4. ISBN 978-81-212-0958-8
    .
  5. ^ Palnati Veera Charitra. VENKAT RAMA & CO EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS. 22 January 2003.
  6. ISBN 978-1-64678-733-3
    .
  7. ^ "43. Rayamurari Sovideva". Great History Of Mudiraja Caste.
  8. ^ "The cosmic site of Vijayanagara". ABHA NARAIN LAMBAH. Retrieved 1 April 2009.

References

  • Dr. Suryanath U. Kamath (2001). A Concise History of Karnataka from pre-historic times to the present, Jupiter books, MCC, Bangalore (Reprinted 2002)

External links

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