Kalkriese

Coordinates: 52°24′29″N 8°07′44″E / 52.408°N 8.129°E / 52.408; 8.129
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Suspected site of the final Battle of the Teutoburg Forest

Kalkriese is a village now administratively part of the city of Bramsche in the district of Osnabrück, Lower Saxony, Germany. It is on the northern slope of the Wiehen Hills, a ridge-like range of hills, north of Osnabrück. The Kalkrieser Berg or Schmittenhöhe, a hill with a height of 157 m (515 ft), is considered by archaeologists to be the likely site of the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest.

The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (

Germanic tribes ambushed and decisively destroyed three Roman legions and their auxiliaries, led by Publius Quinctilius Varus. The anti-Roman alliance was led by Arminius
, an officer of Varus' auxiliary forces who had acquired Roman citizenship and received a Roman military education.

The Romans' saltus Teutoburgiensis (Teutoburg Pass) is taken to refer to the strip of cultivated land with a width of 220 m (720 ft) which lies between the

Since the start of official explorations in 1988 more than 5,500
chainmail hooks, and fragments of armor.[1] Among the most significant items is the earliest known Imperial face-mask.[2]

Other items include locks, keys, razors, a scale, weights, chisels, hammers, pickaxes, buckets, finger rings, surgical instruments, seal boxes, a stylus, cauldrons, casseroles, spoons, and amphorae. Jewelry, hairpins, and a disk brooch suggest the presence of women.

fabricii; property of Marcus Aius of cohort I, centuria of fabricii").[3] A coin struck to commemorate Augustus's adoption of his grandsons Lucius and Gaius in 2 BC has also been found at Kalkriese.[3] In 2016, an archaeological investigation found eight aurei close together at the site, adding to the seven Roman gold coins previously found and tending to corroborate the identification of Kalkriese as the site of the battle.[4][5]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c "Kalkriese". Archived from the original on 2007-02-19. Retrieved 2007-07-20.
  2. ^ a b Christian Ziehe. "Clades Variana". Archived from the original on 2007-07-04. Retrieved 2007-07-20.
  3. ^ a b "The battle in the Teutoburg Forest". Retrieved 2007-07-20.
  4. University of Osnabrück
    .
  5. ^ "Gold coins discovered at German site where Roman legions were massacred". Archaeology News Network. 2016-07-02.

External links

52°24′29″N 8°07′44″E / 52.408°N 8.129°E / 52.408; 8.129