Kangla fort

Coordinates: 24°48′29″N 93°56′24″E / 24.808°N 93.940°E / 24.808; 93.940
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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Kangla Fort
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Kangla
Kangla Sha dragon, the emblem of Manipur
Map
Alternative name
  • Kangla Fort
  • Kangla Palace
Location
Kangleipak (Meitei for 'Manipur')
Coordinates24°48′29″N 93°56′24″E / 24.808°N 93.940°E / 24.808; 93.940
Typecapital city (historical)
Part of
  • Kingdom of Manipur
    (historical)
  •  India (present)
History
Periods
Classical Antiquity
CulturesMeitei culture
Associated with
Events
Anglo Manipur War
Site notes
Conditionprotected
Ownership Government of Manipur
ManagementKangla Fort Board
Public accessyes
Architecture
Architectural stylesMeitei architecture

The Kangla,[1] officially known as the Kangla Fort,[2] is an old fortified palace at Imphal, in the Manipur state of India.[3][4][5] It was formerly situated on both sides (western and eastern) of the bank of the Imphal River, now remaining only on the western side in ruined conditions. Kangla means "the prominent part of the dry land" in old Meetei.[6] It was the traditional seat of the past Meetei rulers of Manipur.[7][8]

Guide map of the Kangla displayed to the public

Kangla (Imphal) was the ancient capital of pre-modern Manipur.[9] The Kangla is a revered spot for the people of Manipur, reminding them of the days of their independence. It is a sacred place to the Meiteis.[10]

The Kangla is being proposed to be declared as a

Indian Parliament.[11][12]

History

The Kangla was the seat of administration of the

Meitei rulers of the Ningthouja dynasty (33 CE to 1891 CE).[14]

Flora and fauna

A tree of Koubilla (Grevillea robusta) species growing inside the Kangla

The Kangla possesses a sobriquet, "Lungs of Imphal" as it is heavily forested, providing oxygen at a massive level in the heart of the metropolis of Manipur.[15][16][17] Unfortunately, due to some developmental construction activities in the last few years, some minor but significant deforestation occurred inside the Kangla.

In the year 2009, the Kangla Herbal Garden was set up by the Kangla Fort Board, in order to carry out the plan of planting medicinal plants inside the Kangla into action. The responsibility for bringing up the botanical garden was held by the Lamphel based sub-branch of the North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat (NEIST).[18] In the year 2010, the

Manipur Government.[19]

During the month of June in 2019, around 700 indigenous fruit-bearing tree saplings were planted inside the Nura Heikol (

fruit garden' / 'Ladies' orchard'), formerly known as "Biodiversity Park" of the Kangla) of the Kangla by the Government of Manipur, under the initiative of Green Manipur Mission.[20][21][22]

During the month of September in 2019, around 120 trees, including mayokfa, agar, uningthou, teak, chahui and samba, were planted inside the Kangla by the editorial board and the management team of "The Sangai Express" (TSE), a newspaper daily of Manipur, on its 20th foundation day.[23][24]

There's another garden named "Engellei Leikol" (formerly known as "Rock Garden" of the Kangla) located in the southern part of the Kangla.[25][26][27]

During the month of May in 2022, around 50 fruit-bearing plants were planted inside the Kangla by the Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD).[28][29][30]

There's a plan for planting 10,000 saplings of fruit bearing trees inside the Kangla by the Kangla Fort Board, under the leadership of

Chief Minister of Manipur.[31][32]

Places

Image(s) Name Description(s)
Western Kangla Gate (Meitei: ꯀꯪꯂꯥ ꯁꯅꯊꯣꯡ, romanized: kangla santhong, lit.
'Golden Door of the Kangla')
The grand royal entrance gate to the Kangla from the western side
Kanglasha (Meitei: ꯀꯪꯂꯥꯁꯥ, lit.
'Dragons of the Kangla')
A pair of sculptures dedicated to the lion god
Nongshaba
.
Kangla Museum (Meitei
: ꯀꯪꯂꯥ ꯃꯤꯎꯖꯤꯌꯝ)
A museum that showcases the lifestyle of Meitei rulers of the
Kangleipak (Meitei for 'Manipur
'))
Kangla Uttra Shanglen (Meitei: ꯀꯪꯂꯥ ꯎꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯁꯪꯂꯦꯟ, lit.'Royal Office Building of the Kangla') A religious office building of Sanamahism (traditional Meitei religion), built in the traditional Meitei architectural style. The most significant and the holiest element is the chirong (literally, "horns"), which is the V-shaped design adorned on the roof of the building.
Sanggai Yumpham (Meitei: ꯁꯪꯒꯥꯏ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ, lit.'Royal residence') A fortified
royal residence
inside the Kangla.
Inner Polo Ground (Meitei
: ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯡꯖꯩꯕꯨꯡ, romanized: manung kangjeibung)
Ningthouja dynasty polo field located to the south west of the citadel inside the Kangla
Manūng Thāngapāt (Meitei: ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯡꯒꯄꯥꯠ, lit.'inner moat') Manung Thangapat is the Inner Moat of the Kangla Fort, encircling and protecting the Sanggai Yumpham as a second line of defense.
Statue of Meidingu Nara Singh (Meitei: ꯃꯩꯗꯤꯡꯉꯨ ꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡꯍꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯝ, romanized: meidingu narasinghgi mitam) The grand bronze sculpture of King
Manipuri pony
.
The tomb of King Bodhchandra (Meitei: ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯕꯣꯙꯆꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯪꯂꯦꯟ, romanized: ningthou bodhchandragi manglen) The site where the mortal remains of Maharaja Bodhchandra Singh (Manglen of Ningthou Bodhchandra or Samadhi of Maharaja Bodhchandra), the last ruler of sovereign state of
Manipur Kingdom
, was consigned to flames in 9 December 1955.
Chīngkhei Īkon (Meitei: ꯆꯤꯡꯈꯩ ꯏꯀꯣꯟ, lit.'Northeastern pond') or Chingkhei Pukhri. A sacred pond in the northeastern corner of the Sanggai Yumpham.
Kangla Boatyard (Meitei
: ꯍꯤꯖꯒꯥꯡ, romanized: hijagāng)
The boatyard houses traditional Meitei royal boats (hiyang hiren) and commoners' boats (tanna hee).
Pakhangba
')
A temple dedicated to the god Pakhangba of Sanamahism.
Archaeological Museum, Kangla (Meitei
: ꯑꯥꯔꯀ꯭ꯌꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯤꯎꯖꯤꯌꯝ)
A museum housing Stone Age tools and historical stone inscriptions, coins and other artefacts of the Ningthouja dynasty.
Site for Meitei Heritage Park A Heritage Park dedicated to the Meitei people, the largest ethnicity of Manipur. It is also known as Meitei Heritage Park.

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^ Sharma, H. Surmangol (2006). "Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary.Kangla". dsal.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
  2. .
  3. .
  4. .
  5. .
  6. .
  7. .
  8. .
  9. .
  10. .
  11. . Retrieved 8 February 2023.
  12. ^ "Kangla as a World Heritage Site". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
  13. .
  14. .
  15. ^ "CM leads plantation drive inside Kangla". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  16. ^ "Manipur CM Leads Mass Tree Plantation Drive at 'Sacred Kangla'". India Today NE (in Hindi). 26 June 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  17. ^ "Manipur CM leads plantation drive at Kangla fort; announces indigenous names for gardens - Eastern Mirror". easternmirrornagaland.com. 26 June 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  18. ^ Press, Imphal Free (14 November 2012). "Kangla herbal garden in dire straits | KanglaOnline". Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  19. ^ Press, Imphal Free (14 November 2012). "Kangla herbal garden in dire straits | KanglaOnline". Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  20. ^ "CM leads plantation drive inside Kangla". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  21. ^ "Manipur CM Leads Mass Tree Plantation Drive at 'Sacred Kangla'". India Today NE (in Hindi). 26 June 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  22. ^ "Manipur CM leads plantation drive at Kangla fort; announces indigenous names for gardens - Eastern Mirror". easternmirrornagaland.com. 26 June 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  23. ^ "TSE takes up tree plantation drive at Kangla on 20th foundation day: 12th sep19 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  24. ^ "TSE takes up tree plantation drive at Kangla on 20th foundation day". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  25. ^ "CM leads plantation drive inside Kangla". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  26. ^ "Manipur CM Leads Mass Tree Plantation Drive at 'Sacred Kangla'". India Today NE (in Hindi). 26 June 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  27. ^ "Manipur CM leads plantation drive at Kangla fort; announces indigenous names for gardens - Eastern Mirror". easternmirrornagaland.com. 26 June 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  28. ^ "50 fruit bearing plants planted inside Kangla Fort in Imphal". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  29. ^ "Saplings planted at Kangla Fort". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  30. ^ "Tree Plantation Programme at Kangla 20220507". e-pao.net. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  31. ^ Gurumayum, William (25 June 2019). "CM leads mass plantation drive at Kangla 10,000 fruit bearing trees will be planted inside Kangla: CM - Imphal Times". www.imphaltimes.com. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  32. ^ "10 thousand fruit bearing tree saplings to be planted in Kangla Fort complex | Pothashang News". Pothashang. 6 June 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2023.

External links