Karol Olszewski
Karol Olszewski | |
---|---|
Galicia | |
Nationality | Polish |
Education | Jagiellonian University in Kraków Heidelberg University PhD |
Occupation | Scientist |
Known for | First to liquefy oxygen and nitrogen. First Polish X-ray Photographs |
Title | Professor |
Karol Stanisław Olszewski (Polish pronunciation: in 1883.
Life and career
He was born in 1846 in
Olszewski defended his doctoral dissertation at
In 1883,
In 1884, in his Kraków laboratory, Olszewski was the first to liquefy hydrogen in a dynamic state, achieving a record low temperature of −225 °C (48 K). In 1895 he liquefied argon. He then failed only to liquefy the newly discovered helium element.[3]
In January 1896, on hearing of Wilhelm Röntgen's work with X-rays, within a few days Olszewski replicated it. Later on, in early February he provided an X-ray image of a luxated elbow thus initiating the university's department of radiology.[4][5]
He died on 24 March 1915 and was buried at the Rakowicki Cemetery in Kraków. In 2018, his ashes were transferred to one of Poland's National Pantheons located at the Church of Saints Peter and Paul in the Old Town district of Kraków.[6]
According to physicist Andrzej Kajetan Wróblewski, Olszewski is among the greatest Polish physicists of the 20th century alongside Marie Curie, Marian Smoluchowski, Jerzy Pniewski, and Marian Danysz.[7]
See also
- Timeline of low-temperature technology
- Timeline of hydrogen technologies
- List of Poles
Notes
- ^ "Polish Ministry of Culture, Science and Media website". Retrieved 2008-03-05.
- ^ "A Tribute to Wróblewski and Olszewski" (PDF). Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- Encyklopedia Polski, p. 464.
- ^ "Krakow Chair of Radiology History". Archived from the original on 2012-02-10. Retrieved 2008-03-05.
- ^ Stanisław Leszczyński and Andrzej Urbanik. "History of Polish Radiology". Archived from the original on 2008-07-25. Retrieved 2008-03-05.
- ^ "Kraków: szczątki prof. Karola Olszewskiego złożono w Panteonie Narodowym". Retrieved 29 February 2020.
- ^ "Fizyka w Polsce wczoraj, dziś i jutro". labfiz.uwb.edu.pl. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
References
- "Olszewski, Karol Stanisław," Encyklopedia Polski, p. 464.