Katian

Katian
Katian
453.0 ± 0.7 – 445.2 ± 1.4 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Age
Stratigraphic unit	Stage
Time span formality	Formal
Lower boundary definition	FAD of the graptolite Diplacanthograptus caudatus
Lower boundary GSSP	Black Knob Ridge section, Oklahoma, United States; 34°25′50″N 96°04′29″W / 34.4305°N 96.0746°W
Lower GSSP ratified	2006
Upper boundary definition	FAD of the graptoliteNormalograptus extraordinarius
Upper boundary GSSP	Wangjiawan section, Wangjiawan, Yichang, China; 30°59′03″N 111°25′11″E / 30.9841°N 111.4197°E
Upper GSSP ratified	2006

The Katian is the second stage of the

Upper Ordovician. It is preceded by the Sandbian and succeeded by the Hirnantian Stage. The Katian began 453 million years ago and lasted for about 7.8 million years until the beginning of the Hirnantian 445.2 million years ago.^[7]

During the Katian the climate cooled which started the

Late Ordovician glaciation

.

Naming

The name Katian is derived from Katy Lake (Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States).^[8]

GSSP

The GSSP of the Katian Stage is the Black Knob Ridge Section in southeastern Oklahoma (United States). It is an outcrop of the Womble Shale and the Bigfork Chert, the latter containing the lower boundary of the Katian. The lower boundary is defined as the first appearance datum of the graptolite species Diplacanthograptus caudatus. This horizon is 4.0 m above the base of the Bigfork Chert.^[9]^[10]

References

PMID 10905606
.

doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2007.tb00221.x
.

PMID 28117834
. It has been suggested that the Middle Ordovician meteorite bombardment played a crucial role in the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, but this study shows that the two phenomena were unrelated

^ "Chart/Time Scale". www.stratigraphy.org. International Commission on Stratigraphy.

doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2007/v30i4/002
. Retrieved 13 December 2020.

doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2006/v29i3/004
.

^ "GSSP Table - Paleozoic Era". Geologic Timescale Foundation. Retrieved 2 December 2012.

doi:10.1080/00241160600847439
.

doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2007/v30i4/002
. Retrieved 20 September 2012.

^ "GSSP for Katian Stage". Geologic Timescale Foundation. Retrieved 2 December 2012.

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ka = kiloannum (thousands years ago); Ma = megaannum (millions years ago); Ga = gigaannum (billions years ago).
See also: Geologic time scale • Geology portal • World portal

34°25′50″N 96°04′29″W / 34.4305°N 96.0746°W / 34.4305; -96.0746

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[1] PMID 10905606
.

[2] :10.1111/j.1945-5100.2007.tb00221.x
.

[3] PMID 28117834
. It has been suggested that the Middle Ordovician meteorite bombardment played a crucial role in the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, but this study shows that the two phenomena were unrelated

[4] "Chart/Time Scale". www.stratigraphy.org. International Commission on Stratigraphy.

[5] doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2007/v30i4/002
. Retrieved 13 December 2020.

[6] :10.18814/epiiugs/2006/v29i3/004
.

[GSSP_Table_-_Paleozoic_Era-7] "GSSP Table - Paleozoic Era". Geologic Timescale Foundation. Retrieved 2 December 2012.

[Bergström_2006-8] :10.1080/00241160600847439
.

[Goldman_2007-9] :10.18814/epiiugs/2007/v30i4/002
. Retrieved 20 September 2012.

[GSSP_for_Katian_Stage-10] "GSSP for Katian Stage". Geologic Timescale Foundation. Retrieved 2 December 2012.

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]