Kazan Cathedral, Moscow
Kazan Cathedral | |
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Казанский собор | |
Russian |
Kazan Cathedral (
The original cathedral
Upon recovering Moscow from the armies of the
Kazan Cathedral was considered one of the most important churches in Moscow.[1] Annually on the anniversary of the liberation of Moscow from Poland-Lithuania, a solemn parade led by the Patriarch and the Tsar carried a processional cross from the Kremlin. By the end of the 17th century, the church building was expanded and received a bell tower and a redesigned entrance. Numerous other renovations of the cathedral were undertaken during the imperial period, notably during 1801, 1805, and 1865, and much of the original design was lost behind later additions.
The history of the cathedral was tempestuous, as evidenced by the fact that its archpriest Avvakum led the party of religious dissenters, or Old Believers.
The distinguished Russian restorer
In 1936, when Red Square was being prepared for holding the military parades of the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin ordered the square cleared of churches[citation needed]. Although efforts were made by Baranovsky to save it, he could not prevent the Kazan Cathedral from being demolished (though Baranovsky did manage to save another of Red Square's cathedrals, Saint Basil's Cathedral, from destruction). In its place, initially a temporary building housing offices for the Communist International was erected. It was later used as a summer café. A temporary chapel marking the original site of the church was built in 1990 as part of the church restoration project, shortly before the collapse of the USSR.
The rebuilding
After the fall of the Soviet Union, the Kazan Cathedral was the first church to be completely rebuilt after having been destroyed by the
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The church in 1802
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The church in 1904
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The church in 2016
Architectural features
The Kazan Cathedral is typical for the first half of the XVII century type of a square in the plan of a single-domed church with a hill of corbel arches, dating back to the old cathedral of the Donskoy Monastery. Among constructions of Moscow suburb, the church of Saint Nicholas on the Arbat belonged to this type. The cathedral is surrounded on three sides by open galleries, which lead to the hipped bell tower at the northwest corner and to the northeast aisle of Abercius of Hieropolis.[2]
According to the comment of the historian of the Old Russian architecture Pavel Rappoport, the location and the combination of large corbel arches with small ones showed the desire of Russian architects to enrich the bright, major composition with more fractional details - a harbinger of the advent of the era of "uzorochie".[3]
References
- ^ "Kazan Cathedral - history and interesting facts". Archived from the original on 2020-09-29. Retrieved 2019-04-18.
- )
- OCLC 30350210.
External links
- (in Russian) Kazan Cathedral, Moscow