Government of Kerala

The Government of Kerala (abbreviated as GoK), also known as the Kerala Government, is the administrative body responsible for governing Indian state of Kerala. The government is led by a chief minister, who selects all the other ministers. The chief minister and their most senior ministers belong to the supreme decision-making committee, known as the cabinet.

Ministers of the Kerala government are

The city of Thiruvananthapuram serves as the administrative headquarters of Kerala.

Kerala Council of Ministers

Like in other Indian states, the executive arm of the state is responsible for the day-to-day management of the state. It consists of the governor, the chief minister and the Council of Ministers. The chief minister and the council of ministers also have been appointed by the governor. The governor summons prorogues and dissolves the legislature. He can close the legislative assembly on the recommendation of the chief minister. Judiciary has been separated from the executive in Kerala like other Indian states.

The executive authority is headed by the Chief Minister of Kerala, who is the de facto head of state and is vested with most of the executive powers; the Legislative Assembly's majority party leader is appointed to this position by the Governor. The present Chief Minister is Pinarayi Vijayan, who took office on 25 May 2016. Generally, the winning party decides the chief minister. In many cases, the party focuses a chief ministerial candidate during the election.

The Council of Ministers, which answers to the Legislative Assembly, has its members appointed by the Governor; the appointments receive input from the Chief Minister. They are collectively responsible to the legislative assembly of the State. Generally, the winning party and its chief minister chooses the ministers list and submit the list for the Governor's approval.

Governor

The governor is appointed by the

Arif Mohammad Khan is the present governor.

The governor enjoys many different types of powers:

• Executive powers related to administration, appointments, and removals
• Legislative powers related to lawmaking and the state legislature
• Discretionary powers to be carried out according to the discretion of the governor

Council of Ministers

The incumbent chief minister of Kerala is serving his second consecutive term, and was sworn into power on 20 May 2021. The oath-taking ceremony was held at the Central Stadium. The Kerala Governor administered the oath of office and secrecy to the new members. In December 2023, the Kerala Cabinet underwent a reshuffle as part of a mutual agreement among member parties. The reshuffling is in accordance with a pre-election agreement within the Left Democratic Front (LDF) coalition. Transport Minister Antony Raju and Ports and Archaeology Minister Ahmed Devarkovil resigned, leading to the appointment of K.B Ganesh Kumar as the new Minister for Transport and Kadannappalli Ramachandran as the Minister for Registration and Archeology.^[3]

S.No	Name	Portrait	Constituency	Designation	Department	Party	State Car Number
Chief Minister
1.	Pinarayi Vijayan		Dharmadom	Chief Minister	Chief Minister Home Vigilance General Administration All India Services (IAS, IPS, IFS) Planning and Economic Affairs Science, Technology and Environment Pollution Control Scientific Institutes Personnel and Administrative Reforms Election Integration Information Technology Sainik Welfare Distress Relief State Hospitality Airports Metro Rail Inter - State River Waters Coastal Shipping and Inland Navigation Kerala State Inland Navigation Corporation Information and Public Relations Non- Resident Keralites’ Affairs Administration of Civil and Criminal Justice Fire and Rescue Services Prisons Printing and Stationery Environment Disaster Management Other departments not allocated to any Minister.	CPI(M)	1
Cabinet Ministers
2.	Adv. K. Rajan		Ollur	Minister for Revenue and Housing	Land Revenue Survey and Land Records Housing Land Reforms	CPI	2
3.	Roshy Augustine		Idukki	Minister for Water Resources	Irrigation Command Area Development Authority Ground Water Department Water Supply and Sanitation	KCM	3
4.	K. Krishnankutty		Chittur	Minister for Electricity	Electricity ANERT	JD(S) Kerala	4
5.	A. K. Saseendran		Elathur	Minister for Forest and Wildlife	Forests Wild life Protection	NCP	5
6.	Kadannappalli Ramachandran		Kannur	Minister for Registration,Museum Archaeology & Archives	Registration Museums Archaeology Archives	Congress (S)	6
7.	K. B. Ganesh Kumar		Pathanapuram	Minister for Transport	Road Transport Motor Vehicles Department State Water Transport Department KSRTC	KC(B)	7
8.	V. Abdurahiman		Tanur	Minister for Sports, Wakf and Haj Pilgrimage, Minority welfare	Sports Wakf and Haj Pilgrimage Post and Telegraphs Railways Minority Welfare
9.	G. R. Anil		Nedumangad	Minister for Food and Civil Supplies	Food and Civil Supplies Consume Affairs Legal Metrology	CPI	19
10.	K. N. Balagopal		Kottarakkara	Minister for Finance	Finance National Savings. Stores Purchase. Commercial Taxes. Treasuries.Lotteries. State Audit. Kerala Financial Corporation. KSFE.State Insurance. Stamps And Stamp Duties.	CPI(M)	10
11.	R. Bindu		Irinjalakuda	Minister for Higher Education and Social Justice	Collegiate Education Technical Education Universities (Except Agriculture, Veterinary, Fisheries, Medical and Digital Universities) Entrance Examinations National Cadet Corps Additional Skill Acquisition Programme (ASAP) Social Justice	CPI(M)	18
12.	J. Chinchu Rani		Chadayamangalam	Minister for Animal Husbandry and Dairy Development	Animal Husbandry Dairy Development, Milk Co-operatives Zoos Kerala Veterinary & Animal Sciences University	CPI	14
13.	M.B Rajesh		Thrithala	Minister for Local Self Governments, Rural Development and Excise	Local Self Governments Excise Kerala Institute of Local Administration.	CPI(M)	9
14.	P. A. Mohammed Riyas		Beypore	Minister for Public Works and Tourism	Public Works Department Tourism	CPI(M)	17
15.	P. Prasad		Cherthala	Minister for Agriculture	Agriculture Soil Survey & Soil Conservation Kerala Agriculture University Warehousing Corporation	CPI	13
16.	K Radhakrishnan		Chelakkara	Minister for Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes and Devaswoms	Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes Devaswoms Parliamentary Affairs.	CPI(M)
17.	P Rajeev		Kalamassery	Minister for Law, Industries and Coir	Law Industries (Including Industrial co-operatives) Commerce Mining and Geology Handlooms and Textiles Khadi and Village Industries Coir Cashew Industry Plantation Directorate	CPI(M)	11
18.	V. Sivankutty		Nemom	Minister for General Education and Labour	General Education Literacy Movement Labour Employment and Training Skills, Rehabilitation Factories and Boilers Insurance Medical Service Industrial Tribunals Labour Courts	CPI(M)	16
19.	V. N. Vasavan		Ettumanoor	Minister for Co-operation	Co-operation Port	CPI(M)
20.	Veena George		Aranmula	Minister for Health and Woman and Child Development	Health Family Welfare Medical Education Medical University Indigenous Medicine AYUSH Drugs Control Woman & Child Welfare	CPI(M)	20

Legislative branch

The

The normal term of the legislative assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting. But while a proclamation of state of emergency is in operation, the said period will be extended by Parliament by Laws for a period not exceeding one year at a time.^[4]

Administrative divisions

For administrative convenience, Kerala State has been divided into 14 districts, 27 revenue divisions, 75 taluks, 152 CD blocks, and 1453 revenue villages. For local governance, the state has 941 gram panchayats, 152 block panchayats, 14 district panchayats, 6 corporations, and 87 municipalities.^[6]

Departments

The business of the state government is transacted through the various secretariat departments based on the rules of business. Each department consists of secretary to the government, who is the official head of the department and such other deputy secretaries, under secretaries, junior secretaries, officers, and staffs subordinate to him/her. The Chief secretary superintending control over the whole secretariat and staff attached to the ministers.

The department is further divided into sections, each of which is under the charge of a section officer. Apart from these sections, dealing with the subjects allotted to them, there are other offices sections, assigned with specific duties. When there is more than one secretary in a department, there shall be a clear separation of work.^[7]

At present there are 44 Secretariat Departments as below:

• Agricultural Development and Farmers Welfare Department^[8]
• Animal Husbandry Department
• Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy
  AYUSH
  ) Department
• Archaeology Department
• Backward Communities Development Department
• Department of Coastal Shipping and Inland Navigation
• Co-operation Department
• Department of Consumer Affairs
• Department of Cultural Affairs
• Department of Diary Development
• Department of Environment
• Department of Election
• Department of Electronics and Information Technology
• Excise Department
• Finance Department
• Fisheries and Ports Department
• Forests and Wildlife Department
• Food and Civil Supplies Department
• General Education Department
• General Administration Department
• Higher Education Department
• Home Department
• Health and Family Welfare Department
• Housing Department
• Industries and Commerce Department
• Information & Public Relations Department
• Labour and Skills Department
• Law Department
• Local Self-Government Department
• Minority Welfare Department
• Non Resident Keralites Affairs (NORKA) Department^[10]
• Planning and Economic Affairs Department
• Personnel & Administrative Reforms Department
• Parliamentary Affairs Department
• Power Department
• Public Works Department
• Registration Department
• Revenue Department
• Sainik Welfare Department
• Science & Technology Department
• Social Justice Department
• Sports & Youth Affairs Department
• Scheduled Castes Development Department
• Scheduled Tribes Development Department
• Stores Purchase Department
• Taxes Department
• Tourism Department
• Transport Department
• Vigilance
  Department
• Water Resources Department^[11]
• Women and Child Development Department
• Western Ghats Cell

Out of these 44 Secretariat Departments, 42 (aside from the Finance and Law Departments) are commonly referred to as Administrative Departments and are referred to as Administrative Secretariat collectively for administrative convenience and in light of the functions that are distributed among them. The Secretaries in charge of various departments are typically All India Service officers who are members of the

In addition to the Secretariat department, the State Government operates various field departments that function under the purview of their respective Secretariat department. These field departments form an integral part of the administrative structure, working in conjunction with the Secretariat to effectively implement government policies and initiatives at the grassroots level. Line departments (field departments) which are distinct from the Secretariat but operate under almost the same name as the Secretariat dept are commonly known as Directorates and Commissionerates.

State insignias

The

Elections to the state assembly are held every five years. Elections are generally held for

Politics

Kerala has a unique position in India as one of the most politicised states. It has the nation's largest politically aware population, which actively participates in state politics.

Politics in Kerala is dominated by two political fronts: the

The Bharatiya Janata Party (the Party that currently leads the Government of India) is also active in Kerala, but is not part of either coalition. It does not have any elected Parliament member, and has lost its one Legislative Assembly member in the 2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election and selected members in all the Corporations, several Municipal Councils and a large number of Local Panchayats. The party enjoys popularity in the districts of Thiruvananthapuram and Kasaragod.

Other popular regional parties are:

• The
  Idukki and Pathanamthitta
  . Today, most of Kerala Congress parties are with the UDF.
• The
  Kasargod
  . They form the second largest party within the UDF.
• Socialist groups, consisting of several small fragmented parties like the
  Congress-S
  , are mainly centre-left socialist parties having very limited influence in a few pocket areas. Most of the socialist groups are with the LDF, though in a few instances, some of them changed their loyalties to the UDF.
• Communist parties consist of various groups which have broken away from the CPIM. They are mostly centre-left parties, though a few are extreme-left. While a few centre-left parties like the RSP have joined with the UDF, those that broke away from the CPIM, like the CMP and JSS, led by erstwhile CPIM veterans who were expelled from CPIM, have joined with the UDF.
• The
  National Democratic Alliance
  .

Awards and honours

Kerala was declared as the first complete digitally administered state of India on 27 February 2016.^[14] The India Corruption Survey 2019 by Transparency International declared Kerala the least-corrupt state in India.^[15] The state topped in the country to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals according to the annual report of NITI Aayog published in 2019.^[16] The Public Affairs Index-2020 released by the Public Affairs Centre, India, designated Kerala as the best governed Indian state.^[17]

References

Further reading

• Chief Ministers, Ministers, and Leaders of Opposition of Kerala (PDF), Thiruvananthapuram: Secratriat of Kerala Legislature, 2018
• Chandran, VP (2018). Mathrubhumi Yearbook Plus - 2019 (Malayalam Edition). Kozhikode: P. V. Chandran, Managing Editor, Mathrubhumi Printing & Publishing Company Limited, Kozhikode.
• Menon, A. Sreedhara (2007). A Survey of Kerala History. DC Books.
  ISBN 9788126415786
  .

• Official website