Kesiraja
Kesiraja | |
---|---|
Born | 13th century CE |
Died | 13th or 14th century CE |
Occupation(s) | Kannada grammarian, poet and writer |
Works | Shabdamanidarpana |
Parent |
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Kēśirāja, also spelled Keshiraja (
Early life
Kesiraja was born in a literary family, comprising several well-known
Noted Kannada poets and writers in Hoysala Empire (1100-1343 CE) | |
Nagachandra | 1105 |
Kanti | 1108 |
Rajaditya | 12th. c |
Harihara | 1160–1200 |
Udayaditya | 1150 |
Vritta Vilasa | 1160 |
Kereya Padmarasa | 1165 |
Nemichandra | 1170 |
Sumanobana | 1175 |
Rudrabhatta | 1180 |
Aggala | 1189 |
Palkuriki Somanatha | 1195 |
Sujanottamsa(Boppana) | 1180 |
Kavi Kama | 12th c. |
Devakavi | 1200 |
Raghavanka | 1200–1225 |
Bhanduvarma | 1200 |
Balachandra Kavi | 1204 |
Parsva Pandita | 1205 |
Maghanandycharya | 1209 |
Janna | 1209–1230 |
Puligere Somanatha | 13th c. |
Hastimalla | 13th c. |
Chandrama | 13th c. |
Somaraja | 1222 |
Gunavarma II | 1235 |
Polalvadandanatha | 1224 |
Andayya | 1217–1235 |
Sisumayana | 1232 |
Mallikarjuna | 1245 |
Naraharitirtha
|
1281 |
Kumara Padmarasa | 13th c. |
Mahabala Kavi | 1254 |
Kesiraja | 1260 |
Kumudendu | 1275 |
Nachiraja | 1300 |
Ratta Kavi | 1300 |
Nagaraja | 1331 |
Noted Kannada poets and writers in the Seuna Yadava Kingdom | |
Kamalabhava | 1180 |
Achanna | 1198 |
Amugideva | 1220 |
Chaundarasa | 1300 |
Shabdamanidarpana
The text of Shabdamanidarpana begins with poetry ehalting earlier generations of writer who are cited by Kesiraja as authoritative examples:
The expert way (sumārgam) of Gajaga, Gunanandi, Manasija, Asaga, Candrabhatta, Gunavarma, Srivijaya, Honna (Ponna), Hampa (Pampa), Sujanōttamsa – these provide the illustrative instances (lakshya) in this work. In Shabdamanidarpana, about twenty poets and thirty different works are cited, and almost every rule is explained with quotations. This work points out the Kannada language development through the preceding three centuries.
— Kesiraja (translated)
An attempt at vocabulary building is provided in several parts of the work. There is a list of verbal roots and words containing ḷ and ḹ sounds. There is also a chapter called "PrayŌgasāra" where Kesiraja has quoted a number of rare words along with their meanings.[8]
Passion for grammar
Kesiraja had a passion for grammar, which is evident from his writings through his work Shabdamanidarpana.
Through grammar (correct) words originate; through the words of that grammar, meaning (originates); through meaning the beholding of truth; through the beholding of truth, the desired final beatitude; this (final beatitude) is the fruit for the learned.
— sūtra 10 of the Preface, Shabdamanidarpana – Kesiraja[9]
Literary works
Apart from his extant grammar Shabdamanidarpana, Kesiraja authored several other writings in Kannada, though they are deemed lost:[7]
- Prabodhachandra (ಪ್ರಬೋಧಚಂದ್ರ)
- Chorapalaka Charitam (ಚೋರಪಾಲಕ ಚರಿತ)
- Kiratam (or Kiratarjuniyam) (ಕಿರಾತ)
- Shubhadraharana (ಸುಭದ್ರಾ ಹರಣ)
- Sri Chitramale (ಶ್ರೀ ಚಿತ್ರಮಾಲೆ)
Notes
- ^ Pollock 2003, p. 364.
- ^ Rice 1982, p. 44–45.
- ^ "Chapter 6: Chalukyas of Badami" (PDF). Maharashtra State Gazetteer. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 March 2011.
- ^ Kamat, Jyotsna. "History of the Kannada Literature -III". Kamat's Potpourri. Retrieved 1 May 2008.
- ^ a b Rice 1982, p. 111.
- ^ Sastri 2002, p. 359.
- ^ ISBN 81-260-1194-7.
- ^ Bal Govind Misra. Lexicography in India : Proceedings of the First National Conference on Dictionary Making in Indian Languages. p. 82.
- ^ Kittel 1903, p. 4.
References
- ISBN 3-7648-0898-5.
- ISBN 0-520-22821-9.
- Rice, Edward P. (1982) [1921]. Kannada Literature. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. ISBN 81-206-0063-0.
- ISBN 0-19-560686-8.