Khanate of Sibir

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History
• Established	1468
• Abu'l-Khayr Khan becomes Khan of Sibir	1428
• Ibak Khan is Khan of Sibir	1468
• Conquered by the Tsardom of Russia	1598
Preceded by Succeeded by Golden Horde Tsardom of Russia
Today part of	Russia

The Khanate of Sibir (Siberian Tatar: Сыбыр ҡанныҡ, Искәр йорт;^[2] Russian: Сибирское царство, Сибирский юрт)^[3] was a Siberian Tatar^[4] Khanate in western Siberia, founded at the end of the 15th century, following the break-up of the Golden Horde.^[5] Throughout its history, members of the Shaybanid and Taibugid dynasties often contested the rulership over the Khanate between each other; both of these competing tribes were direct patrilineal descendants of Genghis Khan through his eldest son Jochi and Jochi's fifth son Shayban (Shiban) (died 1266).^{[citation needed]} The area of the Khanate had once formed an integral part of the Mongol Empire, and later came under the control of the White Horde and the Golden Horde of 1242–1502.

The Khanate of Sibir had an ethnically diverse population of

Aristocracy

The Sibir Khanate was administered by

Islam was the professed religion of the Sibir Khanate; it was the religion of the ruling Khan of Tyumen and Sibir. Grand mosques, palaces and fortified walls were constructed by the ruling class in both Tyumen and Sibir.^{[citation needed]}

Islam was professed by not only the Khan but also the Mirzas, who were often educated in famous Islamic centers in Central Asia like Bukhara and Samarkand. However, shamanism and other traditional beliefs were practiced by much of the masses. Some groups practiced a form of Islam that incorporated elements of shamanism.^[6]

The leading

The Khanate of Sibir had extensive trading connections with Central Asia and the Khanate of Kazan.^[5]

History

The area was originally inhabited by mainly

The Khanate of Sibir was founded in the fifteenth century, at a time when the Mongols of the house of Jochi were generally in a state of decline. The original capital of the Khans was Chimgi-Tura. The first Khan was Taibuga, who was a member of the Borjigin. He was succeeded by his son Khoja or Hoca, who was in turn succeeded by his son Mar.

The Taibugids' control of the region between the Tobol and middle Irtysh was not uncontested. The Shaybanids, descendants of Jochi, frequently claimed the area as their own. Ibak Khan, a member of a junior branch of the Shaybanid house, killed Mar and seized Chimgi-Tura. A Taibugid restoration occurred when Mar's grandson Muhammad fled to the eastern territories around the Irtysh and killed Ibak in battle in c. 1493. Muhammad decided not to remain at Chimgi-Tura, but chose a new capital named Iskar (or Sibir) located on the Irtysh. The

Conquest of Sibir

Kuchum attempted to convert the Siberian Tatars, who were mostly

Over the next fourteen years, however, the