Kingdom of Arles
Kingdom of Burgundy Regnum Burgundiae ( Latin) | |||||||||||||||||
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933–1378 [citation needed] | |||||||||||||||||
Status |
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Capital | King | | |||||||||||||||
• 912–937 (first) | Rudolph II | ||||||||||||||||
• 1346–1378 (last) | Charles IV | ||||||||||||||||
Historical era | High Middle Ages | ||||||||||||||||
933 | |||||||||||||||||
• Rudolph III pledged succession to King Henry II of Germany | May 1006 | ||||||||||||||||
• Rudolph III died without issue; kingdom inherited by Emperor Conrad II | 6 September 1032 | ||||||||||||||||
• Emperor Charles IV detached the County of Savoy | 1361 | ||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1378 [citation needed] | ||||||||||||||||
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Today part of |
The Kingdom of Burgundy, known from the 12th century[1]: 140 as the Kingdom of Arles, also referred to in various context as Arelat, the Kingdom of Arles and Vienne, or Kingdom of Burgundy-Provence,[2] was a realm established in 933 by the merger of the kingdoms of Upper and Lower Burgundy under King Rudolf II. It was incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire in 1033 and from then on was one of the empire's three constituent realms, together with the Kingdom of Germany and the Kingdom of Italy.[1] By the mid-13th century at the latest, however, it had lost its concrete political relevance.[2]: 35
Its territory stretched from the Mediterranean Sea to the High Rhine River in the north, roughly corresponding to the present-day French regions of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Rhône-Alpes and Franche-Comté, as well as western Switzerland. Until 1032 it was ruled by independent kings of the Elder House of Welf.[3]
Carolingian Burgundy
Since the conquest of the First Burgundian kingdom by the Franks in 534, its territory had been ruled within the Frankish and Carolingian Empire. In 843, the three surviving sons of Emperor Louis the Pious, who had died in 840, signed the Treaty of Verdun which partitioned the Carolingian Empire among them: the former Burgundian kingdom became part of Middle Francia, which was allotted to Emperor Lothair I (Lotharii Regnum), with the exception of the later Duchy of Burgundy, the present-day Bourgogne, which went to Charles the Bald, king of West Francia. King Louis the German received East Francia, comprising the territory east of the Rhine River.
Shortly before his death in 855, Emperor Lothair I in turn divided his realm among his three sons in accordance with the Treaty of Prüm. His Burgundian heritage would pass to his younger son Charles of Provence (845–863). Then in 869 Lothair I's son, Lothair II, died without legitimate children, and in 870 his uncle Charles the Bald and Louis the German by the 870 Treaty of Meerssen partitioned his territory: Upper Burgundy, the territory north of the Jura mountains (Bourgogne Transjurane), went to Louis the German. The rest went to Charles the Bald. By 875, all of the sons of Lothair I had died without heirs, and the other Burgundian territories were held by Charles the Bald.
Formation of the kingdom
In the confusion after the death of Charles' son Louis the Stammerer in 879, the West Frankish count Boso of Provence established the Kingdom of Lower Burgundy (Bourgogne Cisjurane) at Arles. In 888, upon the death of the Emperor Charles the Fat, son of Louis the German, Count Rudolph of Auxerre, Count of Burgundy, founded the Kingdom of Upper Burgundy at Saint-Maurice which included the County of Burgundy, in northwestern Upper Burgundy.
In 933,
In 993, Conrad was succeeded by his son Rudolph III, who in 1006 was forced to sign a succession treaty in favor of the future Emperor Henry II. Rudolph attempted to renounce the treaty in 1016 without success.
Imperial kingdom
In 1032, Rudolph III died without any surviving heirs, and, in accordance with the 1006 treaty, the kingdom passed to Henry's successor,
The
A stillborn attempt to revive the kingdom of Burgundy/Arles was made by
On 4 June 1365,
See also
- Kings of Burgundy
References
- ^ a b Grosse, Rolf (2014). Du royaume franc aux origines de la France et de l'Allemagne 800–1214 (in French). Presses Universitaires du Septentrion.
- ^ a b c d e f g Jean-Marie Moeglin (2011). L'Empire et le Royaume : Entre indifférence et fascination 1214–1500 (in French). Presses Universitaires du Septentrion.
- ^ a b The New Columbia Encyclopedia 1975, 150
- ^ Runciman, Steven. "The Sicilian Vespers, p. 282. 1958: Cambridge University Press
- ^ Stephanie Crowley (2011). "Charles IV: Religious Propaganda and Imperial Expansion". Florida State University.
- ^ Jana Fantysová-Matějková (2012), "The Holy Roman Emperor in the Toils of the French Protocol: The Visit of Charles IV to France", Imago Temporis: Medium Aevum, 6: 223–248 [229]
Literature
- Chiffoleau, Jacques (1994). "I ghibellini nel regno di Arles". In Pierre Toubert; Agostino Paravicini Bagliani (eds.). Federico II e le città italiane. Palermo. pp. 364–88.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Chiffoleau, Jacques (2005). "Arles, regno di". Federico II: enciclopedia fridericiana. Vol. 1. Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana.
- Cope, Christopher (1987). Phoenix Frustrated: The Lost Kingdom of Burgundy. Constable.
- Cox, Eugene L. (1967). The Green Count of Savoy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
- Cox, Eugene L. (1974). The Eagles of Savoy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
- Cox, Eugene L. (1999). "The Kingdom of Burgundy, the Lands of the House of Savoy and Adjacent Territories". In David Abulafia (ed.). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume V: c. 1198–c. 1300. Cambridge University Press. pp. 358–74.
- Davies, Norman (2011). Vanished Kingdoms: The History of Half-Forgotten Europe. Penguin.
- Font-Réaulx, Jacques de (1939). "Les diplômes de Frédéric Barberousse relatifs au royaume d'Arles à propos d'un livre récent". Annales du Midi. 51 (203): 295–306. .
- Fournier, Paul (1886). Le royaume d'Arles et de Vienne et ses relations avec l'empire: de la mort de Frédéric II à la mort de Rodolphe de Habsbourg, 1250–1291. Paris: Victor Palmé.
- Fournier, Paul (1891). Le royaume d'Arles et de Vienne (1138–1378): Étude sur la formation territoriale de la France dans l'Ést et le Sudest. Paris: Alphonse Picard.
- Fournier, Paul (1936). "The Kingdom of Burgundy or Arles from the Eleventh to the Fifteenth Century". In C. W. Previté-Orton; Z. N. Brooke (eds.). The Cambridge Medieval History, Volume VIII: The Close of the Middle Ages. Cambridge University Press. pp. 306–31.
- Heckmann, Marie-Luise (2000). "Das Reichsvikariat des Dauphins im Arelat 1378: vier Diplome zur Westpolitik Kaiser Karls IV". In Ellen Widder; Mark Mersiowsky; Maria-Theresia Leuker (eds.). Manipulus florum: Festschrift für Peter Johanek zum 60. Geburtstag. Münster: Waxmann. pp. 63–97.
- Jacob, Louis (1906). Le royaume de Bourgogne sous les empereurs franconiens (1038–1125): Essai sur la domination impériale dans l'est et le sud-est de la France aux XIme et XIIme siècles. Paris: Honoré Champion.
- Poole, Reginald(1913). "Burgundian Notes, III: The Union of the Two Kingdoms of Burgundy". English Historical Review. 28 (109): 106–12.
- Poupardin, René (1907). Le royaume de Bourgogne (888–1038): étude sur les origines du royaume d'Arles. Paris: Honoré Champion.
- Previté-Orton, Charles William (1912). The Early History of the House of Savoy (1000–1233). Cambridge University Press.
- Viard, Paul (1911). "La dîme ecclésiastique dans le royaume d'Arles et de Vienne aux XIIe et XIIIe siècles". Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Kanonistische Abteilung. 1 (1): 126–59. S2CID 180419125.
- Wilson, Peter (2016). Heart of Europe: A History of the Holy Roman Empire. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.