Kinneret Farm

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Coordinates: 32°43′18″N 35°34′3″E / 32.72167°N 35.56750°E / 32.72167; 35.56750
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Kinneret Farm
חוות כנרת, Havat Kinneret
Kinneret Farm is located in Northeast Israel
Kinneret Farm
Kinneret Farm
Coordinates: 32°43′18″N 35°34′3″E / 32.72167°N 35.56750°E / 32.72167; 35.56750
Country Israel
DistrictNorthern
Founded1908
Founded byZionist Organisation, Arthur Ruppin

Kinneret Farm (

public health care system, a national paramilitary
organisation. From 1949 on, after the establishment of the State of Israel, the courtyard served different lesser military and civilian purposes, was abandoned, then restored as a heritage site, and it 2007 it was opened as a museum and educational centre.

Name

Main article: Moshavat Kinneret

In the Hebrew Bible, the Sea of Galilee is named Yam Kinneret, the Sea of Kinneret.

History

Kinneret Farm

Established in 1908, the Kinneret farm has been active for four decades in preparing Jewish Zionist farmers for settling and working the land.

establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, for the next 25 years the place was used as a military camp by Nahal's 902nd Battalion.[3] After being abandoned for a decade and reaching an advanced state of decay, the farm's buildings and courtyard have been in a process of restoration and rehabilitation of another almost three decades.[3]

Under Ottomans and Mandate (1908-1948)

Kinneret, the moshava (parallel rows of buildings marked in black) and farm (buildings south of moshava marked in red), ca. 1941
Inside the "khan" building, the isolation bed for the sick

The farm was created in June 1908 as an experiment by the Palestine Bureau [he] of the Zionist Organisation, and although it shared infrastructure and some activities with the moshava (health, security, cultural life), it was separate and autonomous from it as it served different practical and sometimes ideological purposes.

The new Kinneret village and the farm standing at its southern extremity were built on site known in Arabic as Mallāha.

public health care system, and last not least the Haganah paramilitary organisation. The Farm residents also had a major role in establishing and shaping the Histadrut labor union (overview see below
).

In its early years it was joined by local Jewish farmers from the surrounding villages, and very soon after by the very young pioneers of the

A.D. Gordon, a man morally influenced by ideas he had brought with him from his native Russia, the agrarianism of the Narodniks and Tolstoy's spirituality.[9]

"Maidens' Farm"

"Maidens' Farm" apprentice in the courtyard

Beit Ha'almot or Havat Ha'almot (lit. the Maidens' House or Maidens' Farm), an agricultural training farm for women, was established within the colony in 1911; it had to be closed in 1917 due to the hardships of World War I.[1]

Kkvutza, kibbutz, moshav, agriculture

Pioneers from the Kinneret Farm founded the first kvutzot or small farming communes, Degania in 1910 and Kvutzat Kinneret in 1913, as well as the first large farming commune or kibbutz, Ein Harod, and the first communal agricultural village or moshav, Nahalal, both in 1921. One of the founders of the Kinneret Farm, Ben-Zion Israeli [he] (1887–1984), helped reintroduce date palms to Palestine by travelling to Iraq, Iran, Kurdistan and Egypt in the 1930s where he identified suitable varieties of which he bought and adventurously brought back large quantities of saplings.

In 1919, Kvutzat Hashishim ('the Group of 60') joined the farm. Their combination of farming and contract work inspired Kinneret member Shlomo Lavi's concept of the large kibbutz.[1]

In 1929, the Kinneret Group moved from the Farm where it had been based since 1913 to its permanent location, and the farmhouse became a temporary residence for different other groups before they too settled in their permanent localities.[1]

National projects initiated at the Farm

Many of the initiatives had to do with the activity of Berl Katznelson.

  • The kvutza type of communal settlement[7]
    • Degania, the first kvutza, est. 1909 by pioneers trained at Kinneret Farm
  • The kibbutz type of communal settlement[7]
    • Ein Harod, the first kibbutz, est. 1921 by pioneers trained at Kinneret Farm
  • The moshav type of communal settlement[7]
    • Nahalal, the first moshav, est. 1921 by pioneers trained at Kinneret Farm
  • The women's rights movement in pre-state Israel[7]
    • Beit Ha'almot or Havat Ha'almot agricultural training farm for women, active 1911–1917 at Kinneret Farm[7]
    • The first assembly of women farmers (1914)[7]
  • HaMashbir cooperative for the sale of affordable food during World War I, est. 1916[7]
  • Tnuva cooperative for milk and dairy products, est. 1926
  • Solel Boneh construction company, est. as Batz in 1921; emerged from the Work Battalion
  • Bank Hapoalim workers' bank, est. 1921
  • kupat holim
    public health care system
  • Haganah paramilitary organisation: at the 2nd assembly of the Ahdut HaAvoda party held at the Farm in June 1920, the agenda included the founding of the Haganah[1]

The Farm residents also had a major role in establishing and shaping the labor union of pre-state Israel:

After the establishment of the state

In 1949, the courtyard became a military camp of the IDF.[1] From 1950 to 1974, the farm served as an base before being abandoned.[citation needed]

When the IDF base was dismantled in the late 1970s, the location was named a national historic site.[1] It was declared a "national conservation site", eventually restored, and opened to visitors in 2007.[citation needed] It now serves as a museum and educational center.[citation needed]

Notable residents

Cemetery

Main article: Moshavat Kinneret § Cemetery

Across the road from the restored Kinneret Farm, is the historic

Avraham Herzfeld and Shmuel Stoller
.

Visit

Visitors can see the farm buildings set around a courtyard, with the dining room, barn, agricultural training farm for women, the main building improperly known as the

khan, and can watch a video about the poet Rachel.[10] Opening hours, entrance fees, contact details etc. at the Conservation Council website.[10]
The cemetery on the lake shore has received a large parking lot for visitors.

See also

External links

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "Kinneret Courtyard". Archived from the original on 2014-08-19.
  2. ^ "Moshav (sic!) Kinneret". Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2020-08-09.
  3. ^ a b c d "The renewed Kinneret Farm". Ha'Iton Atarim ("Sites Newspaper") (in Hebrew). No. 50, February 2012. Council for Conservation of Heritage Sites in Israel. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  4. ^ "Palestine 1:20,000 map (Pal 1157). Sheet: 20-23, 21-23 "Samakh"". Jaffa: Survey of Palestine. 1941. Retrieved 25 January 2021 – via National Library of Israel, Eran Leor Map Collection.
  5. ^ "Palestine map 1:20,000". Jaffa: Survey of Palestine. 1940s. Retrieved 5 December 2020 – via Palestine Open Maps.[permanent dead link]
  6. ^
    ISBN 978-1-107-67177-5
    . Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h Szeskin, Leon Aryeh (2008). Hamashbir Hamerkazi. The Gale Group. Retrieved 9 August 2020 – via Jewish Virtual Library. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  8. ^
    ISBN 978-0-520-20401-0
    . Retrieved 17 August 2008.
  9. ^ Kaplan, Jonathan (27 April 2015). "Second Aliyah". The Origins of Israeli Society: Formative Groups and Ideologies. The Jewish Agency. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g Kinneret Courtyard, at the Council for Conservation of Heritage Sites in Israel website, in Hebrew. Accessed 9 August 2020.
  11. ISBN 9789004112339. Retrieved 23 May 2016. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help
    )
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