Kiyoo Mogi
Kiyoo Mogi | |
---|---|
Born | 1929 |
Died | 6 June 2021 |
Known for | Mogi doughnut hypothesis; Mogi model; Former chair of the Japanese Coordinating Committee for Earthquake Prediction |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Seismology; Seismotectonics |
Institutions | Director, Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo; Professor, Nihon University |
Kiyoo Mogi (茂木 清夫, Mogi Kiyoo, 1929 in
In 1969 Mogi predicted that there was a possibility of a shallow
Nuclear power
Following damage at the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant due to the 2007 Chūetsu offshore earthquake, Mogi called for the immediate closure of the Hamaoka Nuclear Power Plant,[2][3] which was built close to the centre of the expected Tōkai earthquake despite his 1969 prediction. Previously, in 2004, he had stated that the issue 'is a critical problem which can bring a catastrophe to Japan through a man-made disaster'.[5]
Mogi doughnut hypothesis
In 1969 Mogi proposed a hypothesis for earthquake prediction, now known as the 'Mogi doughnut hypothesis', that major earthquakes tend to occur in an unusually seismically calm area surrounded by a ring of unusually high seismic activity.[7][8][9] The Mogi doughnut is one of several pattern hypotheses that have been proposed.[10]
Mogi model
In 1958 Mogi was responsible for a major advance in understanding the dynamics of volcanos.[11] After studying data from several sources, he concluded that a mathematical solution developed by Yamakawa in 1955[12] could be used in the modelling of the deformation of a volcano caused by pressure changes in its magma chamber.[13][14][15] The 'Mogi model' (also known as the 'Mogi-Yamakawa model'[16]) subsequently became the first commonly used quantitative method in volcanology,[11] and is still widely used today.[14]
Bibliography
- Experimental Rock Mechanics (2006)
- Earthquake Prediction (1985)
See also
- Hamaoka Nuclear Power Plant
- Fukushima I nuclear accidents
- Katsuhiko Ishibashi
- Nuclear power in Japan
- Geology of Japan
- Pacific Ring of Fire
References
- ^ 茂木清夫氏死去(東京大名誉教授・地球物理学) (in Japanese)
- ^ a b Nuclear crisis in Japan as scientists reveal quake threat to power plants The Times, published 2007-07-19, accessed 2011-03-18
- ^ doi:10.1038/448392a, published 2007-07-25, accessed 2011-03-18
- New York Times, published 1998-01-13, accessed 2011-03-18
- ^ a b c d Two grave issues concerning the expected Tokai Earthquake Kiyoo Mogi, Earth Planets Space, Vol. 56 (No. 8), pp. li-lxvi, published 2004, accessed 2011-03-11
- , published 1994-06-17, accessed 2011-03-18
- ^ The Mogi Donut Archived 2010-07-02 at the Wayback Machine Alaska Science Forum, published July 9, 1979-07-07, accessed 2011-03-18
- , published 2009-01-30, accessed 2011-03-18
- ^ Mogi Donut - There's a hole in this possible earthquake pattern Los Angeles Times, published 2010-07-18, accessed 2011-03-18
- ^ Pattern Dynamics and Forecast Methods in Seismically Active Regions Archived 2017-08-12 at the Wayback Machine K.F. Tiampo, J.B. Rundle, S. McGinnis, W. Klein; CIRES, University of Colorado; accessed 2011-03-24
- ^ a b Earthquake and Volcano Deformation, P Segall, Princeton University Press;
ISBN 978-0-691-13302-7; published 2010
- ^ On the strain produced in a semi-infinite elastic solid by an interior source of stress N Yamakawa, Journal of the Seismological Society of Japan, (II), 8, 84-98, published 1955
- ^ Relations between the eruptions of various volcanoes and the deformations of the ground surfaces around them. K Mogi. Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, vol 36, 99-134, published 1958
- ^ ; published 2006
- ^ On the Dynamics of Rhyolite Dome Emplacement: Densities and Deformation Fields Th Agustsdottir, Master's thesis; Faculty of Sciences, University of Iceland; published 2009, accessed 2011-03-25
- ^ Calculations of Elliptical Pressure Source Models by FEM Archived 2012-03-15 at the Wayback Machine T Sakai, T Yamamoto, K Fukui, K Fujiwara, A Takagi, accessed 2011-03-25