Kolašin
Kolašin
Колашин | |
---|---|
Town and municipality | |
UTC+2 (CEST) | |
Postal code | 81210 |
Area code | +382 20 |
ISO 3166 code | ME-09 |
Vehicle registration | KL |
Website | http://www.opstinakolasin.me/ |
Kolašin (
History
Ottoman period
Kolašin, fortress-settlement, was raised by the Turks in the middle of the 17th century in the namesake village in Nikšić district (
In 1651,
It was in 1798 when young Mina Radović, the son of tke Duke Radule, who had been killed by the Turks, ambushed and killed Hasanbeg Mekić, who had come to collect taxes, in the vicinity of
Late modern
Rebecca West visited the town of Kolasin in the 1930s where she learned that in the 18th century, Catholic Albanians and Orthodox Montenegrins lived in peace. In 1858, however, several Montenegrin tribes attacked the town and destroyed all the inhabitants who had kept their Albanian identity or who were Muslim.[1]
There is a document written by Duke Miljan Vukov, who headed the Vasojević tribe in that battle, about the attack on Kolašin in 1858. It was the bloodiest battle in all of Montenegro: I participated in many a battle as ? Flag bearer, captain and warlord – he testified – but none of them had been so fierce and bloody as was the battle for taking Kolašin in 1858, which was, truly, one of the bloodiest that had ever happened in the vicinity of Montenegro.[citation needed]
The victory in that bloody battle established the new borders of Montenegro towards the regions that still remained under the Turkish rule. Fighting for liberation continued on the left bank of the
By the decisions of the
Contemporary
The Bulgarian foreign ministry compiled a report about the five kazas (districs) of the sanjak of the Novi Pazar in 1901-02. According to the Bulgarian report, the kaza of Kolašin was almost entirely populated by Bosniaks. According to it, the kaza of Kolašin had 27 Bosniak villages with 732 households and 5 Serb villages with 75 households.[6]
A year or two after the Congress of Berlin, the Kolašin brigade of Montenegro's people's army was formed. During the World War I, by the end of 1915 and in the beginning of 1916, it played a major part under the command of Serdar Janko Vukotić as part of the Sandžak army. In the famous Battle of Mojkovac, it successfully defended the gates of Mojkovac having repelled all the attack by much more numerous soldiers of the Austro-Hungarian army.
In the liberation wars between 1912 and 1918, the brigade lost more than 1000 soldiers and officers. In the
The town of Kolašin changed hands several times between 1941 and 1944. It was bombarded 18 times by the Germans and Italians. Finally, on December 29, 1944, the town was conquered by the soldiers of the 5th Montenegrin Proletarian Brigade. In the national liberation struggle in the period of 1941–1945, more than 1400 soldiers from the Kolašin region took part and almost 400 died. Around 250 patriots lost their lives in various aggressors' torture chambers and on execution sites, and there were quite a lot of futile victims of fratricidal war.
Climate
The
Climate data for Kolašin (1961–1990, extremes 1947–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 15.1 (59.2) |
19.3 (66.7) |
22.7 (72.9) |
27.2 (81.0) |
33.0 (91.4) |
32.7 (90.9) |
35.2 (95.4) |
37.1 (98.8) |
32.7 (90.9) |
28.4 (83.1) |
25.4 (77.7) |
16.4 (61.5) |
37.1 (98.8) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.6 (36.7) |
4.2 (39.6) |
8.0 (46.4) |
12.5 (54.5) |
17.7 (63.9) |
21.0 (69.8) |
23.8 (74.8) |
23.9 (75.0) |
20.2 (68.4) |
15.1 (59.2) |
9.0 (48.2) |
3.9 (39.0) |
13.5 (56.3) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.1 (28.2) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
2.2 (36.0) |
6.3 (43.3) |
10.9 (51.6) |
13.8 (56.8) |
15.7 (60.3) |
15.2 (59.4) |
11.9 (53.4) |
7.8 (46.0) |
3.5 (38.3) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
7.0 (44.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −6.1 (21.0) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
1.2 (34.2) |
5.0 (41.0) |
7.9 (46.2) |
9.0 (48.2) |
8.4 (47.1) |
6.2 (43.2) |
2.7 (36.9) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
1.9 (35.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | −29.8 (−21.6) |
−23.4 (−10.1) |
−20 (−4) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
1.0 (33.8) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
−21.6 (−6.9) |
−22.8 (−9.0) |
−29.8 (−21.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 234.7 (9.24) |
204.9 (8.07) |
196.5 (7.74) |
198.5 (7.81) |
127.0 (5.00) |
103.5 (4.07) |
73.6 (2.90) |
93.3 (3.67) |
129.3 (5.09) |
198.2 (7.80) |
308.0 (12.13) |
290.5 (11.44) |
2,158 (84.96) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 15 | 15 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 16 | 17 | 172 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
84 | 82 | 79 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 78 | 79 | 82 | 82 | 85 | 86 | 81 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 78.8 | 89.5 | 129.3 | 147.9 | 188.0 | 193.2 | 245.8 | 234.7 | 184.6 | 152.1 | 92.9 | 68.5 | 1,805.3 |
Source: Hydrological and Meteorological Service of Montenegro[8][9] |
Sports
The local football team is former third tier club
Tourism
Kolašin is one of the centres of Montenegro's mountain tourism. Although Žabljak is considered more attractive destination, Kolašin has the advantage of being easily accessible by road and rail.
Kolašin is located on the foot of Bjelasica and Sinjajevina mountains, which offer great conditions for skiing. Because of Kolašin's altitude (954 m), the town is considered an air spa.
Biogradska Gora national park is in the town's vicinity, and is considered a premium tourist attraction. The development of Kolašin as a tourist destination is bolstered by opening of Bianca Resort & Spa, a luxury resort in town's center.
Transport
Kolašin is connected with rest of Montenegro by two-laned motorways. It is situated on the main road connecting Montenegro's coast and Podgorica with northern Montenegro and Serbia (E65, E80).
Kolašin is also a station on Belgrade–Bar railway.
Podgorica Airport is 80 km (50 mi) away, and has regular flights to major European destinations.
Media
Notable people
- Slavko Labović, a Danish Serbian actor
- Veljko Vlahović, Montenegrin communist politician
- Vlado Šćepanović, a Montenegrin professional basketball coach and former player
- Gavrilo V, Serbian Patriarch, 41st Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church
- Milovan Jakšić, a former football goalkeeper
- Amfilohije Radović, Serbian Orthodox metropolitan bishop
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Kolašin is
- Lovech, Bulgaria[11]
- Prijepolje, Serbia
- Slovianoserbsk, Ukraine
See also
References
- ^ ANDRÉ-LOUIS SANGUIN, SANGUIN (2011). MONTENEGRO IN REBECCA WEST'S BLACK LAMB AND GREY FALCON: THE LITERATURE OF TRAVELLERS AS A SOURCE FOR POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY CRNA GORA U DJELU REBECCE WEST BLACK LAMB AND GREY FALCON: PUTOPISI KAO IZVOR PODATAKA U POLITIČKOJ GEOGRAFIJI. 1Sveučilište Paris-Sorbonne / University of Paris-Sorbonne. p. 257. Retrieved 26 March 2020.
- ISBN 978-0-333-66612-8. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
- ^ Instituti i Kulturës Popullore (1991). Kultura popullore (in Albanian). Akademia e Shkencave e RSH. p. 25. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
Translation:118/5000 the process of expelling Albanians from their lands in Koloshin, Niksic Field, Zabjak and elsewhere.
- ^ Maloku, Enver (1997). Dëbimet e shqiptarëve dhe kolonizimi i Kosovës (1877-1995) (in Albanian). Qendra për Informim e Kosovës. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
Montenegrin army violence and property theft forced them to flee from Kolasin, Niksic, Spuz, ...
- ISBN 978-1-4008-4776-1.
- ^ Bartl 1968, p. 63:Die Kaza Kolašin zählte 5 serbische Dörfer mit 75 Häusern und 27 albanische Dörfer mit 732 Häusern.
- ^ Climate Summary for Kolašin
- ^ "Climate: Kolašin" (in Montenegrin). Hydrological and Meteorological Service of Montenegro. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
- ^ "Dnevni prosjeci i ekstremi" (in Montenegrin). Hydrological and Meteorological Service of Montenegro. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
- ^ "Bratimljenje" (PDF). database.uom.me (in Montenegrin). Zajednica opština Crne Gore. January 2013. p. 33. Retrieved 2019-12-29.
- ^ "Kolašin i Bugarski grad Loveč potpisali Sporazum o saradnji". opstinakolasin.me (in Montenegrin). Kolašin. 2019-05-12. Retrieved 2019-12-29.
Works cited
- Bartl, Peter (1968). Die albanischen Muslime zur Zeit der nationalen Unabhängigkeitsbewegung (1878-1912). Otto Harrassowitz Verlag.