Kolar district

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This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Kolar.

Kolar district
Precipitation
724 millimetres (28.5 in)
Websitekolar.nic.in

Kolar district (pronunciationⓘ) is a district in the state of Karnataka, India.

Chikballapur district on the north, the Chittoor district and Annamayya district of Andhra Pradesh on the east and the Krishnagiri district of Tamil Nadu
on the south.

On 10 September 2007, it was bifurcated to form the new district of Chikballapur.[1] Due to the discovery of the Kolar Gold Fields, the district has become known as the "Golden Land" of India.

People are citing that still

Kolar District
. However it must have to be confirmed by the state and as well central government authorities.

History

Three pyramidal temples
Tenth-century Nolamba dynasty Ramalingeshvara group of temples in Avani

Kolar, formerly known as Kolahala, Kuvalala and Kolala, was called Kolahalapura during the Middle Ages. In

Cholas in the south. In 1004 AD, the Cholas annexed Kolar until 1116. Vishnuvardhana (1108-1142) freed Gangavadi from the Cholas and, to commemorate his victory, built the Chennakesava Temple at Belur
.

Vijayanagara kings in the 15th century.[2][3] Someswara Temple is an example of 14th-century Vijayanagara
art.

Kolar's early history was compiled by

Nannool
, his treatise on Tamil grammar.

Under the

Raja Raja Chola I and Rajendra Chola I of Kolar, refer to Kolar as Nikarili Cholamandalam and Jayam Konda Chola Manadalam. Inscriptions from Rajendra Chola I also appear on the Kolaramma
Temple. Many Siva temples were built in Kolar during the reign of the Cholas, including the Someshwarar and Sri Uddhandeshwari Temples at Maarikuppam Village, the Eswaran Temple at Oorugaumpet and the Sivan Temple at Madivala Village. Chola rule of Kolar lasted until 1116. The inscriptions are neglected, and some have been vandalised.

In 1117 Kolar became part of the

Hoysala Empire; in 1254 it was bestowed to Ramanatha, one of King Someshwara's two sons. The Hoysala were defeated by the Vijayanagara Empire, which ruled Kolar from 1336 to 1664. During this period, the Sri Someshwara Temple
at Kolar was built.

For 50 years in the 17th century Kolar was under

Province of Sira, with Fateh Mohammed (the father of Hyder Ali) the province's Faujdar. Kolar was then ruled by the Marathas, the Nawab of Cuddapah, the Nizam of Hyderabad and Hyder Ali. It was under British rule from 1768 to 1770 before a brief Maratha rule followed by Hyder Ali. In 1791 Lord Cornwallis conquered Kolar and returned it to the Kingdom of Mysore in the peace treaty of 1792
.

In the Kolar region, inscriptions document the reigns of the Mahavalis (Baanaas), the Pallavas and the Vaidumbaas.[4][5][6][7][8] Benjamin Lewis Rice recorded 1,347 inscriptions in the Kolar District, in the 10th volume of his Epigraphia Carnatica, of the inscriptions, 422 are in Tamil, 211 in Telugu. But the oldest are in Kannada. This was the original language. Tamil came in with the Cholas in the 11th century, and Telugu with Vijayanagar kings after the 15th. The period covered by the inscriptions is from 4th to the 18th century.[9]

List of tourist attractions in Kolar district

List of tourist attractions in Kolar district important temple and tourist attractions details are provided here

Taluks

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 392,651—    
1911 429,193+0.89%
1921 436,066+0.16%
1931 469,811+0.75%
1941 555,545+1.69%
1951 650,807+1.60%
1961 721,822+1.04%
1971 826,563+1.36%
1981 1,044,394+2.37%
1991 1,211,858+1.50%
2001 1,387,062+1.36%
2011 1,536,401+1.03%
Source: District website[10]
Religions in Kolar district (2011)[11]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 84.97%
Islam
 
 13.01%
Christianity
 
 1.74%
Other or not stated
 
 0.28%

In the

districts).[12] The district has a population density of 384 inhabitants per square kilometre (990/sq mi),[12] with a growth rate of 11.04 percent from 2001 to 2011.[12] Kolar's sex ratio is 976 females per 1,000 males.[12] Its literacy rate is 74.33 percent. 31.25% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 30.32% and 5.13% of the population respectively.[12]
The district has 15 towns and a total of 3,321 villages (2,889 inhabited villages and 432 uninhabited).

Languages of Kolar district (2011)[15]

  Kannada (51.51%)
  Telugu (22.67%)
  Urdu (12.88%)
  Tamil (10.99%)
  Others (1.95%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 51.51% of the population spoke Kannada, 22.67% Telugu, 12.88% Urdu and 10.99% Tamil as their first language.[15] Kolar is part of Morasu Nadu, where both Kannada and Telugu language and culture blend. In 2001, Kannada, Telugu and Tamil were spoken by 40.50%, 33.27% and 11.80% of the population respectively.

Culture

The district's primary language is

Theppothsava
, and Dyavara.

Notable people

Media

  • Kolara Patrike - first Kannada daily newspaper
  • Kolaravani - Kannada daily newspaper[16]
  • Kannada Thilaka – Kannada daily newspaper[17]

See also

References

  1. ^ "A Handbook of Karnataka - Administration" (PDF). Government of Karnataka. pp. 354, 355. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
  2. ^ "A green view". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 11 March 2006. Archived from the original on 23 August 2006. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  3. ^ "Temples of Karnataka - Kolar". templenet.com. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  4. ^ a b "Nandiroog". The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society. 9: 298. 1918.
  5. ^ a b Goodwill, Fred (1918). "Nandidroog". The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society. 9–10: 300. Retrieved 27 August 2014.
  6. ^ a b Goodwill, Fred (1921). "The Religious and Military Story of Nudydurga". KGF Mining and Metallurgical Society (5).
  7. ISBN 9781482815078. Retrieved 27 August 2014.[self-published source
    ]
  8. ISBN 9781482855845
    . Retrieved 11 July 2016.
  9. ^ Rice, Benjamin Lewis (1994). Epigraphia Carnatica: Volume X: Inscriptions in the Kolar District. Mangalore, British India: Department of Archeology, Mysore State. p. 20. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  10. ^ "Kolar district at a glance" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 March 2011. Retrieved 22 December 2010.
  11. ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Karnataka". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  12. ^ a b c d e f "District Census Handbook: Kolar" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  13. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Gabon 1,576,665
  14. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 9 August 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Hawaii 1,360,301
  15. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Karnataka". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  16. ^ Kolaravani
  17. ^ Kannada Thilaka

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kolar district.
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