Kolomenskoye

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Church of the Ascension, Kolomenskoye
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Ascension Church (1535)
LocationMoscow, Russia
CriteriaCultural: ii
Reference634
Inscription1994 (18th Session)
WebsiteOfficial site
Coordinates55°40′10″N 37°40′08″E / 55.66944°N 37.66889°E / 55.66944; 37.66889
Kolomenskoye is located in European Russia
Kolomenskoye
Location of Kolomenskoye in European Russia
Kolomenskoye is located in Europe
Kolomenskoye
Kolomenskoye (Europe)
Church of John the Baptist in Dyakovo
A modern reconstruction of the Wooden palace (2011)
Panorama of Kolomenskoye, 18th century. Watercolor from the original drawing of Giacomo Quarenghi
View of Kolomenskoye by Fyodor Alexeyev (19th century)

Kolomenskoye (

Moskva River
. It became a part of Moscow in the 1960s.

The White Column of Kolomenskoye

Kolomenskoye village was first mentioned in the

Ivan the Terrible. Being the first stone church of tent-like variety, the uncanonical "White Column" (as it is sometimes referred to) marked a stunning break from the Byzantine tradition
.

The church reaches toward the sky from a low cross-shaped podklet (ground floor), followed by a prolonged chetverik (octagonal body, and then an octagonal tent, crowned by a tiny dome. The narrow

World Heritage List
in 1994.

The great palace and other structures

Elizabeth Petrovna was born in the palace in 1709, and Tsar Peter the Great spent part of his youth here. Upon the departure of the court for St. Petersburg, the palace fell into disrepair, so that Catherine II
refused to make it her Moscow residence. On her orders the wooden palace was demolished in 1768, and replaced with a much more modest stone-and-brick structure.

Detailed plans of the Alexis I palace survived. The Moscow Government completed a full-scale reconstruction in 2010. The rebuilt palace stands approximately 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) to the south of its original location near the White Column, in order to preserve the historic foundations. The palace erected by Catherine the Great in 1768 was demolished in 1872, and only a few gates and outside buildings remain.

Kolomenskoe Museum-Reserve in Moscow. Wooden St. George Church.
Aerial view of Kolomenskoye

During the early Soviet period, under the initiative of architect and restorer Pyotr Baranovsky, old wooden buildings and various artifacts were transported to Kolomenskoye from different parts of the USSR for preservation, so currently Kolomenskoye Park hosts an impressive set of different constructions and historical objects.

Local buildings

  • Church of John the Baptist in Dyakovo, 16th century. The church stands on the Dyakovo hill, located southwest from the Kolomenskoye hill. The church has five tent-like structures, and was probably constructed around 1547, reputedly by architect Postnik Yakovlev, the author of Saint Basil's Cathedral on the Red Square.
  • Church of
    St. George
    , 16th century
  • Standalone
    belltower
    for the church of St. George, 16th century
  • Standalone refectory for the church of St. George, 16th century
  • Church of Our Lady of Kazan, 17th century
  • Watertower, 17th century
  • Front gates, 1671–73
  • Polkovhichyi chambers, 17th century
  • Prikaznye chambers, 17th century
  • Sytny yard, 17th century
  • Back gates, 17th century
  • Park pavilion, 1825
  • Park gates, 19th century

Constructions and artifacts brought from elsewhere

  • Barbican church of the Nikolo-Korelsky Monastery
  • Bratsk Stockade Tower
  • Boris stone from Belarus
  • Polovtsian
    burial mound
  • Chasovoy pole, 17th century
  • Tower from the Sumskoy Ostrog fortress, 17th century
  • Memorial pole from Shaydorovo village, 19th century
  • Mead making facility, 18th century
  • Peter the Great house (18th century) from the Northern Dvina
  • Lion's Gates from the
    Moscow Kremlin
    (surviving fragments)

Reconstructions

Natural features

  • Oak-trees grove (one of the oldest oaks in Moscow)
  • Golosov Ravine with sacred stones and springs in it
  • Streams:
  • Zhuzha River, emerging from underground
  • Kolomenskoye Stream, in Golosov Ravine
  • Kolutushkin Stream, in the ravine of that name
  • Dyakovskaya Stream, in the ravine of that name, into which several other ravines empty (all on the left: Vospenkov, Lekseev, Bazarihin, Radyushin)

Archeological sites

See also

References

  • Dixon, Simon. Catherine the Great (Profiles in Power). Harlow, UK: Longman, 2001 (paperback, ).

External links