Kota Bharu
Kota Bharu
Koto Baru | |
---|---|
Hanyu Pinyin) | |
• Tamil | கோத்தா பாரு Kōttā Pāru (Transliteration) |
MST) | |
• Summer (DST) | Not observed |
Postcode | 15xxx |
Area code | +60-09-7 |
Website | mpkbbri |
Kota Bharu (
The town is home to many
Etymology
Kota Bharu means "new city" or "new castle/fort" in Malay. Occasionally, the name of the city is written as Kota Baharu.
History
Kota Bharu was founded during the late 19th century. Before the establishment, Kota Bharu was home to Kelantan's Royal Palace, then established by Sultan Muhammad II of Kelantan in 1844 as Kelantan's state capital who wanted the new state capital built in his honour.[2] Prior to this, Kota Bharu was known as Kuala Kelantan. Before Kota Bharu assumed the role, the Kelantanese capital was divided into two which were Kota Kubang Labu and Kota Pengkalan Datu.[3] During the 19th century, Kelantan was a prosperous and populous state with a population of around 30,000 to 50,000 people including a thousand Chinese. Production from within the state include gold, tin ore, black pepper, areca nut, rice, rattan, bamboo, agarwood and songket. Kota Bharu acts as entrepot for goods due to its strategic location beside the Kelantan River.[4]
During World War II, Pantai Sabak, about 10 km (6.2 mi) from Kota Bharu, was the initial landing point of the Japanese invasion forces on 8 December 1941, beginning the
Kota Bharu was declared as the "Cultural City" on 25 July 1991 by the late Sultan Ismail Petra on the basis of two important aspects – the history of Kota Bharu and the uniqueness of its local arts and cultures. Kota Bharu was rebranded as the "Islamic City" (Malay: Bandar Raya Islam) by the Kelantan State Government on 1 October 2005 through its "Developing With Islam" (Malay: Membangun Bersama Islam) policy.[6]
Government
Islamic City of Kota Bharu Municipal Council Majlis Perbandaran Kota Bharu Bandar Raya Islam مجليس ڤربندرن كوتا بهارو بندراي اسلام | |
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Local authority | |
History | |
Founded | 1 January 1978 |
Leadership | |
President | Rosnazli Bin Haji Amin |
Municipal Secretary | Mohd Shaifudeen Md Salleh |
Meeting place | |
Jalan Hospital, 15000 Kota Bharu, Kelantan | |
Website | |
mpkbbri |
Kota Bharu Municipal Council, officially known as the Islamic City of Kota Bharu Municipal Council (
Real Estate Market
Residential properties in Kota Bharu have shown a median price of RM 345,000, with a price per square foot (PSF) of RM 145.73, based on 536 transactions[9]. Commercial properties, on the other hand, have a median price of RM 500,000, with a PSF of RM 623.64, based on 39 transactions.[10] These figures represent the past subsale transaction data[11] available for the latest 12 months from NAPIC (National Property Information Centre) source.
Demographics
The vast majority of Kota Bharu's population is ethnically
Religion
Kota Bharu town's population is 93% Muslim, with the remainder consisting of Buddhists, Hindus and Christians. The predominantly urban local Chinese community mainly practices Buddhism.
Culture
The Kelantanese culture is highly distinctive as compared to other states of Malaysia but also with some influences from Thailand due to its geographical proximity.
Food
Climate
Kota Bharu features a tropical monsoon climate bordering on a tropical rainforest climate. Kota Bharu does not have a true dry season although the city experiences noticeably heavier rainfall from August through January. Also, Kota Bharu experiences slightly cooler temperatures between December and February than during the rest of the year.The city sees on average about 2,600 millimetres (100 in) of precipitation annually.
Climate data for Kota Bharu (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 33.4 (92.1) |
33.0 (91.4) |
34.9 (94.8) |
35.6 (96.1) |
36.4 (97.5) |
35.6 (96.1) |
35.7 (96.3) |
35.2 (95.4) |
34.8 (94.6) |
34.8 (94.6) |
33.6 (92.5) |
32.4 (90.3) |
36.4 (97.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.5 (85.1) |
30.4 (86.7) |
31.4 (88.5) |
32.6 (90.7) |
33.0 (91.4) |
32.7 (90.9) |
32.3 (90.1) |
32.2 (90.0) |
31.9 (89.4) |
31.1 (88.0) |
29.8 (85.6) |
29.2 (84.6) |
31.3 (88.3) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.3 (79.3) |
26.7 (80.1) |
27.4 (81.3) |
28.4 (83.1) |
28.5 (83.3) |
28.1 (82.6) |
27.7 (81.9) |
27.5 (81.5) |
27.3 (81.1) |
27.0 (80.6) |
26.4 (79.5) |
26.3 (79.3) |
27.3 (81.1) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.6 (74.5) |
23.5 (74.3) |
24.0 (75.2) |
24.7 (76.5) |
24.9 (76.8) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.3 (75.7) |
24.0 (75.2) |
23.9 (75.0) |
24.0 (75.2) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.8 (74.8) |
24.1 (75.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | 16.7 (62.1) |
17.8 (64.0) |
17.8 (64.0) |
18.3 (64.9) |
21.7 (71.1) |
21.1 (70.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
21.1 (70.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
20.6 (69.1) |
18.9 (66.0) |
18.9 (66.0) |
16.7 (62.1) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 149.9 (5.90) |
69.0 (2.72) |
140.3 (5.52) |
92.5 (3.64) |
115.8 (4.56) |
137.7 (5.42) |
155.0 (6.10) |
157.9 (6.22) |
163.3 (6.43) |
267.4 (10.53) |
676.9 (26.65) |
572.4 (22.54) |
2,697.9 (106.22) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 9.5 | 4.7 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 8.5 | 9.6 | 10.2 | 12.5 | 12.2 | 15.7 | 20.5 | 18.4 | 134.3 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
84 | 84 | 83 | 82 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 84 | 84 | 86 | 88 | 87 | 84 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 161 | 190 | 207 | 214 | 194 | 186 | 184 | 187 | 187 | 174 | 139 | 130 | 2,153 |
Source 1: World Meteorological Organization[12] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Ogimet[13] Deutscher Wetterdienst (humidity)[14] |
Transportation
Public transportation
Kota Bharu is serviced by Sultan Ismail Petra Airport, the busiest airport in east coast of Peninsular Malaysia (IATA: KBR).
The closest railway station is the Wakaf Bharu station on the other side of the river, 6 km from the city centre.
The under construction MRL East Coast Rail Link will have a station at Kota Bahru. The Kota Bharu station will be located near Kampung Tunjong.
Roadways
Education
Notable educational establishments include Open University Malaysia, Universiti Tun Abdul Razak, MSU College and Wadi Sofia International School. However, the most plentiful type of school are national schools,[16] which include
- Private schools
- Islamic religious schools
- National schools
- Chinese Type Primary and Secondary School
- Technical secondary schools: Sekolah Menengah Teknik (SMT)
- MRSM and SBP
Shopping
The most famous shopping destination in Kota Bharu is Siti Khadijah Market. Most of its sellers are women. Next to Central Market is the Kota Bharu Trade Centre (KBTC) which was opened in August 2009, with Parkson as the anchor tenants for the mall.
Other shopping centres in Kota Bharu are the KB Mall, Kota Seri Mutiara, G-Orange Mall, Pantai Timur and Platinum Mall. A
store at Bandar Baru Tunjong by 2021.Tourism
Beaches
Strong surf threatens all major beaches in the vicinity of Kota Bharu with substantial erosion. The community has been implementing wave breakers by piling up massive amounts of boulders in an effort to protect the coastline. Regular beach activity has become impossible as visitors frequent beaches further south. In terms of tourism, the most famous beach in Kota Bharu is Pantai Cahaya Bulan.
Wreck diving
Diving in Kota Bharu is a relatively new activity. At present, only one dive shop operates in the area. Trips out to the wreck of the
Notable people
- Academician & Corporate Figures
- Athletes
- Kelantan FA
- Hafiz Hashim, former national badminton player.
- Khairul Fahmi Che Mat, national football goalkeeper
- KV Kortrijk
- Mohd Hashim Mustapha, former footballer
- Roslin Hashim, former national badminton player.
- Sidique Ali Merican, former sprinter.
- Entertainers
- Bienda
- Izzue Islam
- Issey Fazlisham
- Misha Omar
- Julia Rais
- Nelydia Senrose
- Neelofa
- Saharul Ridzuan
- Politics
- Asri Muda
- Khalid Samad
- Mohamed Nasir
- Ng Yen Yen
- Nga Kor Ming
- Nik Ahmad Kamil
- Nik Aziz Nik Mat
- Tan Seng Giaw
- Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah
- Zaid Ibrahim
- Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat
International relations
Sister city
As of 2018[update], Kota Bharu has two sister city:
- Kasaoka, Japan.[19]
- Linxia Hui ,China
References
- ^ "TABURAN PENDUDUK MENGIKUT PBT & MUKIM 2010". Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Retrieved 15 December 2017.
- ^ "Kota Bharu Municipal Council official website". Retrieved 20 May 2016.
- ^ "Pusat Internet 1 Malaysia". Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
- ^ "The Historical Development of the Malay Peninsula Economic And Malay Society Economic Nature Pre-Colonial Era" (PDF). International Journal of the Malay World and Civilisation. 2015. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
- ^ "Malaysian Armed Forces Official Website". Archived from the original on 20 January 2007. Retrieved 4 February 2007.
- ^ Harun, Siti Norlizaiha. "The Changing Image And Identity Of Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia From Cultural City To Islamic City". International Journal of Social Planning and Development. Retrieved 5 June 2022.
- ^ "Background". MPKB BRI Kelantan Gov My.
- ^ "Kota Bharu to become an Islamic City?". The Malaysian Bar. 18 August 2005. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
- ^ "Residential Transaction Prices in Kota Bahru, Kelantan | Propertygenie.com.my". Property Genie | Transaction and Statistics. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
- ^ "Commercial Transaction Prices in Kota Bahru, Kelantan | Propertygenie.com.my". Property Genie | Transaction and Statistics. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
- ^ "Property Genie | Transaction and Statistics". Transaction and Statistics | Property Genie. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
- ^ "CLIMAT summary for 48615: Kota Bharu (Malaysia) – Section 2: Monthly Normals". CLIMAT monthly weather summaries. Ogimet. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
- ^ "Klimatafel von Kota Bharu / Malaysia" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 September 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
- ^ "Grab Now Provides the Widest Rides Network in Malaysia with its Expansion into Four New Cities - Grab MY". 20 April 2017. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
- ^ "Secondary Schools in Kelantan, Malaysia". 2007. Retrieved 10 December 2007.
- ^ "GCH Retail to upgrade Giant hypermarkets". www.thesundaily.my.
- ^ "A giant among men". 15 August 2015.
- ^ "友好握手都市<コタバル市(マレーシア)/モービィロンガコミューン(スウェーデン)>" (in Japanese). Kasaoka City. 1 March 2011. Archived from the original on 21 December 2015. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
External links
- Official website
- Daily life in Kota Bahru on YouTube
- Kelantan at Tourism Malaysia