Kullervo Manner
Kullervo Manner | |
---|---|
Chairman of the Finnish People's Delegation of the Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic | |
In office 29 January 1918 – 25 April 1918 | |
Preceded by | Position established |
Succeeded by | Position abolished |
Speaker of the Parliament | |
In office 4 April 1917 – 31 October 1917 | |
Preceded by | Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg |
Succeeded by | Johannes Lundson |
Leader of the Finnish Communist Party | |
In office 1920–1935 | |
Preceded by | Yrjö Sirola |
Succeeded by | Hannes Mäkinen |
Leader of the Finnish Social Democratic Party | |
In office 1917–1918 | |
Preceded by | Matti Paasivuori |
Succeeded by | Väinö Tanner |
Personal details | |
Born | Kullervo Achilles Manner 12 October 1880 Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
Political party | SDP SKP |
Spouse | Olga Arjanne[1] |
Kullervo Achilles Manner (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈkulːerʋo ˈmɑnːer], Russian Куллерво Густавович Маннер, Kullervo Gustavovich Manner; 12 October 1880 – 15 January 1939) was a Finnish and Soviet politician and one of the leaders of the Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic.
Manner was a member of the Finnish parliament, serving as its Speaker in 1917. He was also chairman of the
Early life
Manner was born a minister's son in
Manner married Olga Arjanne (Seger until 1906) on 26 October 1908, at the local register office of Porvoo. From 1906 they worked at the same time in the Työläinen's editorial office and lived in the house where the editorial office was located.[1]
Civil War
On 28 January 1918, during the
In the USSR
After the Civil War, Manner fled to
Imprisonment and death
In 1935, Manner was arrested and sentenced to ten years hard labor. Manner was taken to a Gulag labor camp in Ukhta-Pechora in Komi Republic, where he died on 15 January 1939. The official cause of death was tuberculosis. According to professor of history Alexander Popov, the real cause of death could be attributed to radiation sickness, which Manner could have received, since he worked with water containing radium.[8]
Rehabilitation
Manner was rehabilitated in 1962.
Political and military offices
See also
- Eero Haapalainen
- Otto Wille Kuusinen
- Red Finland
Sources
- Veli-Pekka Leppänen: Herraspojan harharetki päättyi joukkohautaan Uralilla (in Finnish) – Helsingin Sanomat, July 18, 2017. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
References
- ^ ISBN 978-952-5330-84-7.
- ^ "Manner, Kullervo – Svinhufvud". Finland100.fi. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
- ^ Flakin, Nathaniel (26 May 2019). "When the North Star Turned Red: Against Reconciliation". Left Voice. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
- ^ SDP:n puheenjohtaja halusi punadiktaattoriksi, mutta kuoli Stalinin vankileirillä (in Finnish)
- ^ The National Biography of Finland(in Finnish). Retrieved 14 January 2021.
- ^ Keränen et al. 1992, pp. 91–101
- ^ Upton 1980, pp. 390–515, Keränen et al. 1992, pp. 80–89, Manninen 1993b, pp. 96–177, Manninen* 1993c, pp. 398–432, Westerlund 2004b, pp. 175–188, Tikka 2014, pp. 90–118
- ^ "Tiedonkierto 2003". www.tyovaenperinne.fi. Retrieved 6 April 2021.
Works cited
- Keränen, Jorma; Tiainen, Jorma; Ahola, Matti; Ahola, Veikko; Frey, Stina; Lempinen, Jorma; Ojanen, Eero; Paakkonen, Jari; Talja, Virpi; Väänänen, Juha (1992), Suomen itsenäistymisen kronikka, Jyväskylä: Gummerus, ISBN 951-20-3800-5
- Manninen, Ohto (1993b), Taistelevat osapuolet. In: Manninen, O. (ed.) Itsenäistymisen vuodet 1917–1920, II Taistelu vallasta, Helsinki: Valtion painatuskeskus, pp. 96–177, ISBN 951-37-0728-8
- Manninen*, Turo (1993c), Tie sotaan. In: Manninen, O. (ed.) Itsenäistymisen vuodet 1917–1920, I Irti Venäjästä, Helsinki: Valtion painatuskeskus, pp. 398–432, ISBN 951-37-0727-X
- Tikka, Marko (2014), Tepora, T.; Roselius, A. (eds.), "Warfare & Terror in 1918", The Finnish Civil War 1918: History, Memory, Legacy, Leiden: Brill, pp. 90–118, ISBN 978-90-04-24366-8
- Upton, Anthony F. (1980), Vallankumous Suomessa 1917–1918, I, Jyväskylä: Gummerus, ISBN 951-26-1828-1
- Westerlund, Lars (2004b), Venäläissurmat Suomessa 1914–1922, 2.1. Sotatapahtumat 1918–1922, Helsinki: VNKJ 2/2004, Edita, ISBN 952-5354-44-X