Kurchatov Institute
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Established | February 11, 1943 |
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Field of research | |
Director | Alexander Blagov |
Address | 1 Kurchatov Square |
Location | Moscow, Moscow Oblast, Russia |
Website | www |
The Kurchatov Institute (Russian: Национальный исследовательский центр «Курчатовский Институт», National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute") is Russia's leading research and development institution in the field of nuclear energy. It is named after Igor Kurchatov and is located at 1 Kurchatov Square, Moscow.
In the Soviet Union it was known as I. V. Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy (Russian: Институт Атомной Энергии им. И.В. Курчатова), abbreviated KIAE (Russian: КИАЭ). Between 1991 and 2010, it was known as the Russian Scientific Centre "Kurchatov Institute" (Роcсийский научный центр «Курчатовский Институт») before its name was changed to National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute".
History
Until 1955 known under a secret name "Laboratory No. 2 of the
Since 1955 it was also the host for major scientific experimental work in the fields of
In the 1980s Kurchatov Institute employees and computer engineers played a very important role in establishing computer culture through participating in the development of the DEMOS operating system. It led to the spread of the internet in Russia and contributed to the dissolution of the Soviet Union.[3]
Until 1991, the Ministry of Atomic Energy oversaw the Kurchatov Institute's administration. After the transformation into the State Scientific Center in November 1991, the institute became subordinated directly to the
The Kurchatov Institute is also in charge of coordinating Russia's participation in international large-scale projects such as the X-ray laser research facility European XFEL in Hamburg and the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt, both Germany, the international fusion reactor project ITER in Cadarache and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble (both France) and the particle physics research center CERN in France and Switzerland.[4]
Shortly after the start of the
Projects
The institute is involved in:
Reactors
Reactors were designed by researchers of the institute, such as:
References
- ^ NRCKI Official website[dead link]
- ^ Токамак in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969–1978 (in Russian)
- ^ "Вышла биография основателя Рунета Антона Носика. Беседуем с автором книги". Российская газета. 30 November 2022. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
- ^ "International Megaprojects". Kurchatov Institute. Archived from the original on 24 January 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
- ^ "Учёным России" (in Russian). Kurchatov Institute. 4 March 2022. Archived from the original on 15 March 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2022.