L-xylulose reductase

L-xylulose reductase
ExPASy		NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
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dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase
Chr. 17 q25.3
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Dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase, also known as carbonyl reductase II, is an enzyme that in human is encoded by the DCXR gene located on chromosome 17.

Structure

The DCXR gene encodes a membrane protein that is approximately 34 kDa in size and composed of 224 amino acids. The protein is highly expressed in the kidney and localizes to the cytoplasmic membrane.^[1]

Function

DCSR catalyzes the reduction of several L-xylylose as well as a number of pentoses, tetroses, trioses, alpha-dicarbonyl compounds. The enzyme is involved in carbohydrate metabolism, glucose metabolism, the uronate cycle and may play a role in the water absorption and cellular osmoregulation in the proximal renal tubules by producing xylitol.^[2]

In

xylitol + NADP⁺ ${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }$ L-xylulose + NADPH + H⁺

Thus, the two

.

• 
  Xylulose
• 
  Xylitol (Note conversion of ketone to alcohol)

This enzyme belongs to the superfamily of short-chain oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is xylitol:NADP⁺ 2-oxidoreductase (L-xylulose-forming).

Clinical significance

A deficiency is responsible for

disease characterized by excessive urinary excretion of L-xylulose.

Over-expression and ectopic expression of the protein may be associated with

References

External links

• L-xylulose+reductase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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