LATAM Airlines
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Founded | March 5, 1929 | (as Línea Aeropostal Santiago-Arica)||||||
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Commenced operations |
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Parent company | LATAM Airlines Group | ||||||
Headquarters | Las Condes, Santiago, Chile | ||||||
Key people | Roberto Alvo (CEO) | ||||||
Founder | Arturo Merino Benítez | ||||||
Revenue | US$5.7 billion (2011) | ||||||
Net income | US$320.2 million (2011) | ||||||
Website | www |
LATAM Airlines (formerly known as LAN Chile) is a Chilean multinational airline based in Santiago and one of the founders of the LATAM Airlines Group, the largest airline holding company in Latin America. Its main hub is Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport in Santiago, with secondary hubs in São Paulo, Lima, Bogotá, Quito, Guayaquil and Asunción.[3]
LAN was the flag carrier of Chile until its privatization in the 1990s; it is the predominant airline in Chile, Ecuador and Peru, and the second-largest carrier in Colombia, through its local subsidiaries. LATAM is the largest airline in Latin America, serving Latin America, North America, the Caribbean, Oceania, Asia, and Europe. The carrier was a member of the Oneworld airline alliance from 2000 until 2020.[4]
LATAM Airlines Group was formed after the takeover by LAN of Brazilian airline
History
Early years
The airline was founded by Chilean Air Force Commodore Arturo Merino Benítez (after whom Santiago International Airport is named), and began operations on March 5, 1929, as Línea Aeropostal Santiago-Arica (English: Postal Air Line Santiago-Arica), under the government of President Carlos Ibáñez del Campo. In 1932 It was rebranded as Línea Aérea Nacional de Chile (English: National Air Line of Chile), using the acronym LAN Chile as its commercial name. LAN Chile's first fleet consisted of de Havilland Moth planes.[9]
Merino Benitez was a strong defender of Chilean carriers exclusivity on domestic routes, differing from most Latin American countries which easily granted the authorization on domestic flights to US-based
In 1940, given the restrictions imposed during WWII on access to spare parts for the Junker's
Post-war and international service expansion
On August 23, 1945, LAN Chile became a member of the newly formed
In December 1954, LAN Chile made its first commercial flight to Lima, Perú. On December 22, 1956, a LAN Chile
LAN Chile entered the jet era in 1963, purchasing three French Sud Aviation Caravelle VI-R, which initially flew to Miami, Guayaquil, Lima, Panama City and within Chile to Punta Arenas, Puerto Montt and Antofagasta.[13]
In 1966, LAN Chile purchased its first
In 1969, LAN Chile expanded its destinations to Rio de Janeiro, Asunción and Cali with new Boeing 727s.[14] In 1970, with Boeing 707s, LAN Chile opened its first transatlantic routes to Madrid–Barajas Airport, Frankfurt Airport and Paris-Orly.
Since its inception and until 1970, the airline had its headquarters, main hub and maintenance center at Los Cerrillos Airport, in southwest Santiago.[16] The restrictions imposed by the growing metropolitan area of Santiago and the need for modern, jet-era airport facilities that could safely accommodate both domestic and intercontinental flights, drove the need to relocate the Chilean capital's principal airport from Los Cerrillos in the denser southwest metropolitan region of Santiago to the more rural northwest metropolitan area. For this reason, Santiago International Airport in Pudahuel was built between 1961 and 1967, fully moving LAN Chile's flights to this new airport in 1970.
On February 10, 1974, a LAN-Chile Boeing 707 flown by captain Jorge Jarpa Reyes made the world's first transpolar non-stop flight between South America (
In 1980, the company replaced its Boeing 727s with the
In 1985, LAN-Chile implemented a program of flights around the world called Cruceros del Aire ("Air Cruises"), pioneers and unique in Latin America. The initial version included two flights per year (April 26 and September 26) on a Boeing 707 named Three Oceans because it crossed the Atlantic, Indian and South Pacific oceans, visiting 18 different places. The aircraft was specially prepared for these flights. It had 80 seats in first class, thus providing passengers with ample room for their comfort. Eighty tourists were selected for a 31-day tour that included visits to the main cities of Africa, Asia and Oceania. Such flights were made until 1989, marketed according to their route under various names such as "Around the World", "Three Oceans", "Three Continents", "Mediterranean","East-West China", etc.[18]
In June 1986,
In 1988, LAN Chile started construction of its maintenance center at Santiago Airport and added a
Privatization and internationalization
In September 1989, the Chilean government privatized the carrier, selling a majority stake in the company to Icarosan and Scandinavian Airlines (49%), which subsequently sold its stake a few years later to local investors. Since 1994, major shareholders have been the Cueto Family and businessman Sebastián Piñera (until 2010), who sold his shares when taking office as President of the Republic of Chile.
The approval from the Chilean Anti-Trust Authority resulted in the acquisition of the country's second-largest airline
In 1998 LAN Airlines established a joint venture with Lufthansa called LLTT (Lufthansa-LAN Technical Training S.A.) with the aim to satisfy the needs for aircraft maintenance training in Latin America. LLTT is based at LAN's hangars in Arturo Merino Benítez Airport.[19] LLTT is the only A320 Maintenance Simulator (CMOS) training provider in Latin America.[20]
In 2000,
In 2002, LAN Chile started its internationalization process through
In March 2004, LAN-Chile and its subsidiaries,
In March 2005, LAN opened its subsidiary
As of August 1, 2006, LAN merged first and business classes of service into a single class, named Premium Business.
On October 28, 2010, LAN acquired 98% of the shares of
Since May 5, 2016, LAN has been operating as LATAM Airlines. The airline opened many routes during 2017, one of them being the longest flight in their history: Santiago to Melbourne, which started operating October 5 of that year.
LATAM Airlines Group
On August 13, 2010, LAN Airlines signed a non-binding agreement with Brazilian airline
During the first half of 2018, the airline struggled due to the
Corporate affairs
The airline has its headquarters on the 20th floor of the 5711 Avenida Presidente Riesco Building in
Subsidiaries
- LATAM Brasil
- LATAM Colombia
- LATAM Ecuador
- LATAM Chile
- LATAM Paraguay
- LATAM Perú
Cargo branches
Former subsidiaries
- Aeroasis
- Ladeco
- LAN Dominicana
- LATAM Argentina
- Fast Air Carrier
- Florida West International Airways
- Mas Air
Destinations
LATAM operates in 30 international destinations in 16 countries along with 17 domestic in Chile.[
On October 5, 2017, LATAM inaugurated their direct route between Santiago and Melbourne, a 15-hour (westbound) and 11,300 kilometres (6,100 nmi) flight. It is currently the southernmost commercial point-to-point flight. The flight's great circle passes south of the Antarctic Circle, at a distance of approx 800 km off the Antarctic mainland. The flight numbers are LA805 (westbound) and LA804 (eastbound).[28]
In November 2017, the company announced the opening of a direct air route to the continent of Asia.
LATAM codeshares with the following airlines:[30]
Fleet
Current fleet
As of July 2023[update], LATAM operates the following aircraft:[33]
Aircraft | In service |
Orders | Passengers | Notes | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
J | W | Y | Total | ||||
Airbus A319-100
|
15 | — | – | – | 144 | 144 | 7 operated for LATAM Colombia .
|
Airbus A320-200
|
73 | — | – | – | 168 | 168 | 26 operated for LATAM Express .
|
174 | 174 | ||||||
180 | 180 | ||||||
Airbus A320neo
|
6 | — | – | – | 174 | 174 | 2 operated for LATAM Perú .
|
Airbus A321-200
|
18 | — | – | – | 220 | 220 | 9 operated for LATAM Express .
|
224 | 224 | ||||||
Airbus A321neo | 1 | 32 | TBA | To be delivered by 2023.[34][35] | |||
Airbus A321XLR
|
— | 5 | TBA | To be delivered from 2025 to 2026.[36] | |||
Boeing 767-300ER
|
9 | — | 20 | – | 211 | 231 | Some are to be converted into freighters.[37] |
213 | 234 | ||||||
218 | 238 | ||||||
Boeing 787-8
|
10 | — | 30 | – | 217 | 247 | |
Boeing 787-9
|
24 | 15 | 30 | 57 | 216 | 303 | |
– | 283 | 313 | |||||
Total | 150 | 62 |
Fleet development
LAN was the launch customer for the
In May 2008, LAN Chile retired its last 737 from service and was replaced by the Airbus A320s. In addition to its A320 family aircraft and Boeing 767, LATAM purchased the
In 2012, LAN Chile became the launch customer in the Americas of the
In 2021, LATAM acquired four
Former fleet
LATAM has formerly operated the following aircraft;
Aircraft | Total | Introduced | Retired | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Airbus A318-100
|
15 | 2007 | 2013 | Used on domestic routes All aircraft sold to CFM56 .
|
Airbus A330-200
|
2 | 2019 | 2019 | Wet-leased from Wamos Air |
Airbus A340-300
|
5 | 2000 | 2015 | |
Airbus A350-900
|
13 | 2015 | 2020 | Retired During The Pandemic[41] |
BAe 146–200
|
3 | 1990 | 1997 | |
Boeing 707-320
|
11 | 1967 | 1994 | Operated first scheduled international flight to Frankfurt. (via Madrid and São Paulo )
|
Boeing 727-100
|
5 | 1968 | 1979 | |
Boeing 737-200
|
33 | 1980 | 2008 | |
Boeing 747-100
|
1 | 1989 | 1990 | Leased from Aer Lingus |
Boeing 747-400 | 1 | 2018 | 2018 | Wet-leased from Wamos Air[42] |
Boeing 757-200[43]
|
1 | 1996 | 1997 | Leased from ILFC
|
Boeing 767-200ER
|
6 | 1986 | 1997 | |
Boeing 777-200ER
|
2 | 2018 | 2019 | Leased from Boeing Capital |
Consolidated PBY Catalina | 1 | Unknown | Unknown | |
Convair 340
|
4 | 1961 | 1965 | |
Curtiss T-32 Condor II | 3 | 1935 | 1942 | |
de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter | 6 | 1974 | 1974 | |
de Havilland DH.60 Moth | 2 | 1929 | Unknown | |
de Havilland DH.104 Dove | 12 | 1949 | 1955 | |
Douglas C-47 Skytrain | 18 | 1946 | 1979 | |
Douglas DC-6B
|
10 | 1955 | 1973 | Operated first long-haul flight to Miami (via Lima and Panama City) |
Fairchild FC-2 | 7 | 1932 | 1939 | |
Ford 5-AT-DS Trimotor | 3 | 1930 | 1938 | |
Hawker Siddeley HS 748 | 9 | 1967 | 1978 | |
Junkers W.34
|
1 | Unknown | Unknown | |
Junkers Ju 52 | 1 | 1938 | 1938 | |
Junkers Ju 86 | 4 | 1938 | 1940 | |
Lockheed Model 10A Electra
|
6 | 1941 | 1955 | |
Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar | 2 | 1943 | 1944 | |
Martin 2-0-2 | 4 | 1947 | 1958 | |
McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30
|
5 | 1980 | 1986 | |
Potez 56 | 11 | 1936 | 1943 | |
Sud Aviation Caravelle | 3 | 1964 | 1975 | Operated first long-haul flight to New York City (via Lima, Bogotá and Montego Bay) |
Sikorsky S-43 | 2 | 1936 | Unknown |
LATAM Pass
LATAM Pass is the airline's frequent flyer program to reward customer loyalty. There are currently over four million members. Members earn miles every time they fly with LATAM Chile, an affiliated airline or by using the services of any LATAM Pass-associated business around the world.[44]
The LATAM Pass program has five membership categories:[45]
- Gold
- Gold Plus
- Platinum
- Black
- Black Signature
On May 5, 2016, LANPASS was rebranded as LATAM Pass, once LAN Chile fully transitioned into LATAM Chile.
Lounges
LATAM Airlines operates lounges at the following airports:[46]
- Mistral Lounge at Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport, in Santiago de Chile
- Neruda Lounge at Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport, in Santiago de Chile
- Ezeiza International Airport, in Buenos Aires, Argentina
- El Dorado International Airport, in Bogotá, Colombia
- Miami International Airport
- São Paulo–Guarulhos International Airport
These lounges are accessible for passengers travelling in Premium Business, Business and Premium Economy, as well as selected members of the LATAM PASS program who are Black or Platinum members.
The newly renovated LATAM lounges were designed by Chilean architect Mathias Klotz and Olivia Putman.
Accidents and incidents
- On April 3, 1961, C.D. Green Cross. All four crew members and all twenty passengers on board were killed.[47]
- On February 6, 1965, a
- On April 28, 1969 LAN Chile Flight 160 crashed short of runway at Colina, Chile. None of the 60 passengers and crew were injured in the accident.[49]
- On December 5, 1969, a El Tepual Airport, Puerto Montt. The aircraft was operating a cargo flight; all three people on board survived.[50]
- On May 25, 1972, a Sir Donald Sangster International Airport after a pipe bomb exploded on board. The aircraft was operating a passenger flight from Tocumen International Airport to Miami International Airport; there were no fatalities or injuries.[51]
- On August 3, 1978, a Boeing 707 registered as CC-CCX was approaching Ministro Pistarini International Airport in thick fog when it struck trees in a gentle descent, some 2500 metres short of the runway threshold and 300 metres out of line with the runway centreline. All 63 people on board the aircraft survived the accident.[52]
- On August 4, 1987, a Boeing 737-200, while on the approach at El Loa Airport, landed short of the displaced threshold of runway 27. The nosegear collapsed and the aircraft broke in two. A fire broke out 30 minutes later and destroyed the aircraft. The threshold was displaced by 880m due to construction work. There was one fatality.[53]
- On February 19, 1991, a chartered the runway on landing at Puerto Williams in southern Chile and sank in the nearby waters. Of the 73 people aboard, 20 perished.[54][55][56]
- On May 18, 2013, an Airbus A340 departing for Sydney from Auckland Airport lined-up on what was thought to be the centre line of the runway. Instead, it was actually the lights on the edge of the runway and the crew took off without noticing it. The damage wasn't discovered until a runway inspection was made.[57][58]
- On 26 October 2022, LATAM Chile Flight 1325, an Airbus A320-214, was on approach to Silvio Pettirossi International Airport when the aircraft encountered a hail storm. The aircraft lost most of its nose radome, suffered damage to its windshield and lost both engines which led to the Ram Air Turbine being deployed. The aircraft made an emergency landing at Asunción with no injuries aboard.[59][60]
- On 18 November 2022, LATAM Perú Flight 2213, an Airbus A320-271N operated by LATAM Chile, struck a fire truck during its rejected takeoff roll at runway 16 of Jorge Chávez International Airport. The right main landing gear of the aircraft collapsed and the right hand engine separated from the collision, which started a fire. Everyone aboard the aircraft survived with 24 people sustaining injuries, however both firefighters aboard the fire truck were killed.[61][62]
- On 14 August 2023, LATAM Chile Flight 505, a Boeing 787–9 Dreamliner, was cruising 120 miles north of Panama City when the captain became incapacitated and collapsed in the restroom. The relief captain and first officer diverted the aircraft to Panama City's Tocumen International Airport. The captain was pronounced dead by medical crews on landing.[63]
- On 11 March 2024, LATAM Airlines Flight 800, a Boeing 787–9 Dreamliner on its way to Auckland, New Zealand, from Sydney, Australia experienced what was described as a technical event during the flight which caused strong movement before landing at Auckland Airport. As a result 50 people on board were injured, of which 12 were hospitalized and one received possible serious injuries.[64][65][66]
See also
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{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ISBN 0-89886-860-2.
- ^ Shoddy take-off destroyed runway lights – report. by Dan Lake
(Newshub (New Zealand), March 24, 2016)
- ^ Airline says sorry for damage. by John Weekes (NZME, March 24, 2016)
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