Labor Party (Mexico)

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The Labor Party (Spanish: Partido del Trabajo, pronounced [paɾˈtiðo ðel tɾaˈβaxo], PT; also known as the Workers Party) is a political party in Mexico. It was founded on 8 December 1990. The party is currently led by Alberto Anaya.

Following the elections of 2018, the PT became the third-largest political party in the Chamber of Deputies with 61, after Morena with 191 and PAN with 81. Political maneuvering briefly established PRI as the third force in August 2020, although it later turned out that PT and PRI were tied with 46 seats each after doubtful PRD deputy defections in favor of PRI^[2][3][4]

It received 3.25% of the total votes cast in the federal elections of 2021,^[5] placing it as the seventh national political force. The Congress of the Union has 33 federal deputies and 4 senators in its LXV legislature.^[6][7]

History

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Foundation

Initial History

Following the coordination of several social groups, including the Independent Teachers' Movement, the National Union of Agricultural Workers (UNTA), the National Coordinator "Plan de Ayala," the Popular Front of Struggle of Zacatecas, the Popular Front "Tierra y Libertad" of Monterrey, the Popular Defense Committees of Durango and Chihuahua, and the Popular Union of Agricultural Workers, the PT formed.^[8]

The party first participated in federal elections in 1991, but it failed to win 1.5 percent of the vote (the amount necessary to be recognized as a national party). In 1994, Cecilia Soto became the presidential candidate.

1998 - 2006

In 1998 the PT allied with the larger

The PT ran separately from the PRD in the

In November 2005, the PT endorsed the PRD's candidate for

In October 2006, the PT further allied itself with the PRD and the Convergence Party to form the Broad Progressive Front (FAP for its Spanish initials), which was granted the register by the Federal Electoral Institute.

2012 Mexican general election

In 2012 the PT supported PRD presidential candidate Andrés Manuel López Obrador.

2018 Mexican general election

The

At first, there was speculation about the possibility of a front grouping all the leftist parties: MORENA, PRD, PT and Citizens' Movement (MC). However, Andrés Manuel López Obrador rejected any kind of agreement due to political differences, especially after the elections in the State of Mexico, when the candidates of the PRD and MC continued with their campaigns refusing to support the candidate of MORENA.^[13] At the end of November 2017, the leaders of MORENA and the PES announced that they were in talks to form a possible alliance. In this sense, Hugo Eric Flores Cervantes, President of PES, said, "We don't negotiate with the PRI, we have two options, go alone or with MORENA."^[14]

Confirmation

On December 13, the coalition between Morena, the PT and the PES was formalized under the name Juntos Haremos Historia (English: Together we will make history).^[15] Following the signing of the agreement, Andrés Manuel López Obrador was appointed as a pre-candidate for the three political formations.^[16] It is a partial coalition that will promote López Obrador as a presidential candidate and, with respect to the legislative elections: MORENA will have to choose candidates in 150 federal electoral districts and 32 districts to the Senate; 75 deputies and 16 senators for PT and 75 deputies and 16 senators for the PES.^[17][18]

The alliance has received criticism as it is a coalition between two leftist parties (MORENA and the PT) with a formation related to the evangelical right (PES).^[19] In response, the national president of MORENA, Yeidckol Polevnsky, mentioned that her party believes in inclusion, joint work to "rescue Mexico" and that they will continue to defend human rights,^[20] while Hugo Eric Flores Cervantes, national president of the PES, mentioned that "the only possibility of real change in our country is the one headed by Andrés Manuel López Obrador "and that his party had decided to put" on the right side of history."^[21]

Platform

The current party platform seeks to maintain the policies of the so-called "4T" these policies include, deepen federalism, and decentralize federal government duties. It encourages a mixed economy as an alternative to neo-liberalism. It advocates for judicial reform, including the election of ministers by popular vote. To reform the educational system, they seek to incorporate socialist, left-wing, and progressive organizations. Through its relationships with the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, it aims to advance Latin Americanism in international politics; Furthermore, recognize the State of Palestine formally.^[22]

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Election year	Candidate	# votes	% vote	Result	Note
1994	Cecilia Soto González	970,121	2.75	N Defeated
2000	N/A				support PRD Candidate; Coalition: Alliance for Mexico
2006	Andrés Manuel López Obrador (PRD)				support PRD Candidate; Coalition: Coalition for the Good of All
2012					support PRD Candidate; Coalition: Broad Progressive Front
2018	Andrés Manuel López Obrador (MORENA)	24,127,451	52.96	Y Won	support MORENA Candidate; Coalition: Juntos Haremos Historia
2024	Claudia Sheinbaum (MORENA)				support MORENA Candidate; Coalition: Juntos Hacemos Historia

Congressional elections

Chamber of Deputies

Election year	Constituency		PR		# of seats	Position	Presidency		Note
	votes	%	votes	%
1994	896,426	2.7	909,251	2.7	10 / 500	Minority	Ernesto Zedillo
1997	748,869	2.6	756,125	2.6	7 / 500
2000	see: Party of the Democratic Revolution				7 / 500		Vicente Fox		Coalition: Alliance for Mexico
2003	640,724	2.5	642,290	2.5	6 / 500
2006	see: Party of the Democratic Revolution				12 / 500		Felipe Calderón		Coalition: Coalition for the Good of All
2009	1,264,210	3.7	1,268,125	3.7	13 / 500
2012	77,233	0.01	2,219,228	4.55	15 / 500		Enrique Peña Nieto		Coalition: Broad Progressive Front
2015	665,597	1.76	1,134,439	2.84	6 / 500
2018	51,260	0.09	2,164,442	3.82	61 / 500		Andrés Manuel López Obrador		Coalition: Juntos Haremos Historia
2021	538,832	1.10	1,594,828	3.24	38 / 500				Coalition: Juntos Hacemos Historia

Due to a number of party changes among legislators, in September 2020 PT became tied for the third most biggest political party in the Chamber, after MORENA and PAN, but tied with PRI, with 34 seats each.^[23]

Senate elections

Election year	Constituency		PR		# of seats	Position	Presidency		Note
	votes	%	votes	%
1994			977,072	2.9	0 / 128	Minority	Ernesto Zedillo
1997			745,881	2.6	1 / 128
2000	see: Party of the Democratic Revolution				1 / 128		Vicente Fox		Coalition: Alliance for Mexico
2006	see: Party of the Democratic Revolution				0 / 128		Felipe Calderón		Coalition: Coalition for the Good of All
2012			2,339,923	4.9	4 / 128		Enrique Peña Nieto		Coalition: Broad Progressive Front
2018			2,164,442	3.82	6 / 128		Andrés Manuel López Obrador		Coalition: Juntos Haremos Historia

References

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