Lacto vegetarianism

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Lacto-vegetarians consume dairy products, but not eggs or meat.
Comparison of selected vegetarian and semi-vegetarian diets (view template)
Plants Dairy Eggs Seafood Poultry All other animals
Vegetarianism
Ovo-lacto vegetarianism
 Yes Yes Yes No No No
Ovo vegetarianism Yes No Yes No No No
Lacto vegetarianism Yes Yes No No No No
Veganism Yes No No No No No
Semi-vegetarianism
 Flexitarianism Yes Yes Yes Sometimes Sometimes Sometimes
Pollotarianism Yes Maybe Maybe Maybe Yes No
Pescetarianism Yes Maybe Maybe Yes No No

A lacto-vegetarian (sometimes referred to as a lactarian; from the

eggs, while still consuming dairy products such as milk, cheese (without animal rennet i.e., from microbial sources), yogurt, butter, ghee, cream, and kefir. [1]

History

The concept and practice of lacto-vegetarianism among a significant number of people comes from

ancient India.[2]

An early advocate of lacto-vegetarianism was the Scottish physician

treat obesity and other health problems in the early 18th century.[3][4]

During the 19th century, the diet became associated with naturopathy. German naturopaths Heinrich Lahmann and Theodor Hahn promoted lacto-vegetarian diets of raw vegetables, whole wheat bread, and dairy products such as milk.[5][6][7]

In the 20th century, lacto-vegetarianism was promoted by the American biochemist Elmer McCollum and the Danish physician and nutritionist Mikkel Hindhede.[7][8] In 1918, McCollum commented that "lacto-vegetarianism should not be confused with strict vegetarianism. The former is, when the diet is properly planned, the most highly satisfactory plan which can be adopted in the nutrition of man."[9]

Hindhede became a food advisor to the

National Socialist movement.[10]

The uric-acid free diet of Alexander Haig was lacto-vegetarian. On this diet only cheese, milk, nuts, certain vegetables, and white bread could be eaten.[11][12][13]

Mahatma Gandhi was a notable lacto-vegetarian, who drank milk daily.[14] In 1931, Gandhi commented that:

I know we must all err. I would give up milk if I could, but I cannot. I have made that experiment times without number. I could not, after a serious illness, regain my strength, unless I went back to milk. That has been the tragedy of my life.[14][15]

In 1936, Narasinh Narayan Godbole authored Milk: The Most Perfect Food, a book defending lacto-vegetarianism and promoting the consumption of dairy products in opposition to meat.[16][17]

Religion

See also:
Ethical vegetarian, and Environmental vegetarianism

Lacto-vegetarian diets are popular with certain followers of the

Eastern religious traditions such as Jainism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Sikhism. The core of their beliefs behind a lacto-vegetarian diet is the law of ahimsa, or non-violence.[citation needed
]

Hinduism

According to the Vedas (Hindu holy scriptures), all living beings are equally valued.[18][19] Hindus believe that vegetarianism is vital for spiritual progress.[20] It takes many more vegetables or plants to produce an equal amount of meat,[21] many more lives are destroyed, and in this way more suffering is caused when meat is consumed.[22] Although some suffering and pain is inevitably caused to other living beings to satisfy the human need for food, according to ahimsa, every effort should be made to minimize suffering.[22] This is to avoid karmic consequences and show respect for living things, because all living beings are equally valued in these traditions,[19] a vegetarian diet rooted in ahimsa is only one aspect of environmentally conscious living, relating to those beings affected by our need for food.[22] However, this does not apply to all Hindus; some do consume meat, though usually not any form of beef.

In India, lacto vegetarian is considered synonymous to vegetarian, while eggs are considered a meat product.

ovo lacto vegetarianism instead, allowing eggs into the diet.[24]

ISKCON encourages devotees to adopt a lacto-vegetarian diet and gives agriculture as the ideal economic basis of society.[citation needed
]

Many Hindu wrestlers are strict lacto-vegetarians and follow a Sattvic diet. A large part of their diet is milk, ghee, almonds and chickpeas.[25]

Jainism

In the case of

bee hives and bee eggs and bee larvae inside it. [27]

Sikhism

The

gelatine.[32]

Lacto-vegetarians and vegans

The primary difference between a vegan and a lacto-vegetarian diet is the avoidance of dairy products. Vegans do not consume dairy products, believing that their production causes the animal suffering or a premature death,[33] or otherwise abridges animal rights.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Becoming a vegetarian". Harvard Health. Oct 2009. Archived from the original on 2017-06-09. Retrieved 18 Nov 2017.
  2. ISBN 1-85702-078-2
    .
  3. ISBN 0-521-40215-8
  4. ISBN 978-1-84893-308-8
  5. ISBN 978-07456-2913-1
  6. ISBN 978-0-313-37556-9
  7. ^
    ISBN 978-1-107-18802-0
  8. ^
    ISBN 0-275-97519-3
  9. ^ McCollum, Elmer Verner (1918). The Newer Knowledge of Nutrition. Macmillan Company. p. 52.
  10. ^
    LCCN 2016021306
    .
  11. ^ "Reviewed Work: Uric Acid As A Factor In The Causation Of Disease by Alexander Haig". The British Medical Journal. 2 (2483): 263. 1908.
  12. PMID 11614819
    .
  13. ISBN 90-5183-818-2
  14. ^
    ISBN 978-1-59056-106-5
  15. ^ "The Moral Basis of Vegetarianism". Speech delivered by Gandhi at a Social Meeting organised by the London Vegetarian Society, 20 November 1931.
  16. JSTOR 24204292
    .
  17. Journal of Dairy Science
    . 21 (9): 242.
  18. ^ Bhagavad Gita 5.18 Archived 2009-09-17 at the Wayback Machine "The humble sages, by virtue of true knowledge, see with equal vision a learned and gentle brahmana, a cow, an elephant, a dog and a dog-eater [outcaste]."
  19. ^ a b "Animals in Hinduism, second paragraph". Hinduwebsite.com. Retrieved 2014-03-14.
  20. S2CID 211301067
    .
  21. ^ "U.S. could feed 800 million people with grain that livestock eat". News.cornell.edu. 1997-08-07. Retrieved 2014-03-14.
  22. ^ a b c Gabriel Cousens, Spiritual Nutrition: Six Foundations for Spiritual Life and the Awakening of Kundalini, North Athlantic Books, page 251
  23. ^ "Eggs off menu at schools in Hindu row". thetimes.co.uk. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
  24. PMID 31690027
    .
  25. ISBN 978-0520076976
  26. ISBN 978-81-208-1938-2
    .
  27. ^ "VEGETARIAN-FOOD AND JAIN-CONDUCT, Honey".
  28. ISBN 978-1134499700
  29. ^ "Vegetarianism". namdhari-world.com. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  30. ^ "A Namdhari Sikh's Testimony". ivu.org. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  31. doi:10.1558/rosa.v9i1.22123
    .
  32. ^ a b "The Fools Argue about Flesh and Meat’: Sikhs and Vegetarianism". damdamitaksal.com. Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  33. ISBN 9781590133446
    .

External links

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