Lake Charles, Louisiana
Lake Charles, Louisiana | ||
---|---|---|
City Council[2] Members list | ||
Area Area Code | 337 | |
FIPS code | 22-41155 | |
Website | www |
Lake Charles (French: Lac Charles) is the fifth-most populous city in the U.S. state of Louisiana, and the parish seat of Calcasieu Parish, located on Lake Charles, Prien Lake, and the Calcasieu River. Founded in 1861 in Calcasieu Parish, it is a major industrial, cultural, and educational center in the southwest region of the state. As of the 2020 U.S. census, Lake Charles's population was 84,872.[5]
The city and metropolitan area of Lake Charles is considered a regionally significant center of petrochemical refining, gambling, tourism, and education, being home to McNeese State University and Sowela Technical Community College. Because of the lakes and waterways throughout the city, metropolitan Lake Charles is often called the Lake Area.
History
On March 7, 1861, Lake Charles was incorporated as the town of Charleston, Louisiana.[6]
Lake Charles was founded by merchant and tradesman
The town was first incorporated in 1857 as Charleston, after an early settler, Charles Sallier. Ten years later, on March 16, 1867, Charleston was reincorporated as the City of Lake Charles.[7] The Great Fire of April 1910 devastated much of the city.[8]
Lake Charles soon rebuilt, grew and expanded in the twentieth century. The Charleston Hotel was completed in 1929, during the administration of Mayor Henry J. Geary.[9] During and after World War II, Lake Charles experienced industrial growth with the arrival of petrochemical refineries. The city grew to a high of some 75,000 people in the early 1980s, but with local economic recession, the population declined and stagnated. In 1985, the city was identified as a potential Strategic Homeport to support Navy Secretary John Lehman's desire for a 600-ship Navy.[10] Support ships were to be operated from the new Naval Station Lake Charles; but with the tailing-off of the Cold War, the 1988 Base Realignment and Closure Commission recommended it be closed. By 1991, the incomplete base was dropped from the program and shuttered.
In 2005, the city was heavily damaged by Hurricane Rita. In 2020, it was battered by two hurricanes, Category 4 Hurricane Laura on August 26–27, and Hurricane Delta on October 9, 2020.[11][12]Lake Charles after the hurricane was described as if “20 tornadoes came in and wiped the city”.
The southern portion of the city was damaged by an EF2 tornado on October 27, 2021.[13]
Geography
Lake Charles, located on a level plain about 30 miles (48 km) from the Gulf of Mexico, has an elevation of approximately 13 feet (4.0 m) above sea level,[14] and is located on the banks of the Calcasieu River in southwestern Louisiana. It borders both Lake Charles and Prien Lake. Contraband Bayou, Henderson Bayou, and English Bayou flow through the city. Oak trees and pine trees dot the landscape; the lumber industry was once the main economic engine of the area. The Calcasieu Ship Channel, which allows large ocean-going vessels to sail up from the Gulf, also borders the city. The 2010 census recorded Lake Charles total land size was 48.6 sq miles was to 2023 census records Lake Charles being 61.35 sq miles in total size. According to the United States Census Bureau,[15] the city has a total area of 44.8 square miles (116.0 km2), of which 42.0 square miles (108.9 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.1 km2), or 6.12%, is water.[16]
Climate
Lake Charles is tied with Port Arthur, Texas, and Astoria, Oregon, as the most humid city in the contiguous United States, and the second-most humid measured location behind unincorporated Quillayute, Washington. The average relative humidity in Lake Charles is 90% in the morning, and 72% in the afternoon.[17] Average annual precipitation is also high among U.S. cities, at 57.49 inches (1,460 mm) per year.
Climate data for Lake Charles Regional Airport, Louisiana (1991–2020 normals,[18] extremes 1895–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 88 (31) |
88 (31) |
94 (34) |
95 (35) |
100 (38) |
106 (41) |
103 (39) |
109 (43) |
105 (41) |
103 (39) |
92 (33) |
89 (32) |
109 (43) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 76.5 (24.7) |
78.1 (25.6) |
82.2 (27.9) |
86.4 (30.2) |
91.5 (33.1) |
95.4 (35.2) |
96.9 (36.1) |
98.1 (36.7) |
95.7 (35.4) |
90.5 (32.5) |
83.5 (28.6) |
78.6 (25.9) |
99.1 (37.3) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 63.0 (17.2) |
66.7 (19.3) |
73.1 (22.8) |
79.0 (26.1) |
85.4 (29.7) |
90.5 (32.5) |
92.2 (33.4) |
92.8 (33.8) |
89.4 (31.9) |
82.1 (27.8) |
72.2 (22.3) |
65.3 (18.5) |
79.3 (26.3) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 53.2 (11.8) |
56.9 (13.8) |
63.1 (17.3) |
69.1 (20.6) |
76.4 (24.7) |
82.1 (27.8) |
83.9 (28.8) |
84.0 (28.9) |
80.1 (26.7) |
71.3 (21.8) |
61.4 (16.3) |
55.3 (12.9) |
69.7 (20.9) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 43.4 (6.3) |
47.1 (8.4) |
53.1 (11.7) |
59.3 (15.2) |
67.3 (19.6) |
73.7 (23.2) |
75.6 (24.2) |
75.1 (23.9) |
70.7 (21.5) |
60.4 (15.8) |
50.6 (10.3) |
45.3 (7.4) |
60.1 (15.6) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 26.7 (−2.9) |
31.5 (−0.3) |
35.0 (1.7) |
42.9 (6.1) |
53.8 (12.1) |
66.0 (18.9) |
70.5 (21.4) |
69.4 (20.8) |
57.9 (14.4) |
43.3 (6.3) |
33.7 (0.9) |
29.9 (−1.2) |
25.1 (−3.8) |
Record low °F (°C) | 12 (−11) |
3 (−16) |
14 (−10) |
30 (−1) |
40 (4) |
51 (11) |
60 (16) |
59 (15) |
45 (7) |
30 (−1) |
23 (−5) |
11 (−12) |
3 (−16) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 5.89 (150) |
3.26 (83) |
3.67 (93) |
4.44 (113) |
5.40 (137) |
6.54 (166) |
5.69 (145) |
6.19 (157) |
5.18 (132) |
4.80 (122) |
4.13 (105) |
4.56 (116) |
59.75 (1,518) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 9.3 | 8.8 | 7.8 | 7.2 | 7.9 | 10.8 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 8.7 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 9.5 | 108.3 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
78.8 | 76.5 | 76.3 | 76.1 | 77.3 | 78.2 | 80.1 | 79.8 | 79.4 | 75.9 | 77.3 | 79.0 | 77.9 |
Source: |
Hurricanes
Hurricane Laura devastated the city in 2020.[23] The National Weather Service called the storm surge "unsurvivable" with one-minute sustained wind speeds of 150 mph (240 km/h). Numerous trees were blown down. The Lake Charles Regional Airport saw a gust of 128 miles per hour (206 km/h) as well as multiple hangars destroyed.[24] Another gust in the city reached 137 miles per hour (220 km/h). Many windows were blown out of Capital One Tower downtown. A communications tower collapsed onto the KPLC studio building (which had been evacuated) and part of a sky bridge was blown out. The radar at the NWS Lake Charles forecast office (whose staff evacuated, with the office's operations transferred to the Brownsville, Texas office) was destroyed around the time of landfall, with its dome and much of its internal equipment sheared from the radar tower's base. A few weeks later, Hurricane Delta also hit Lake Charles.[25]
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1880 | 838 | — | |
1890 | 3,442 | 310.7% | |
1900 | 6,680 | 94.1% | |
1910 | 11,449 | 71.4% | |
1920 | 13,088 | 14.3% | |
1930 | 15,791 | 20.7% | |
1940 | 21,207 | 34.3% | |
1950 | 41,272 | 94.6% | |
1960 | 63,392 | 53.6% | |
1970 | 77,998 | 23.0% | |
1980 | 75,226 | −3.6% | |
1990 | 70,580 | −6.2% | |
2000 | 71,757 | 1.7% | |
2010 | 71,993 | 0.3% | |
2020 | 84,872 | 17.9% | |
U.S. Decennial Census |
Lake Charles is the principal city of the Lake Charles metropolitan statistical area, which had a population of 202,040 as of 2013.[26] It is the larger principal city of the Lake Charles-Jennings combined statistical area, with a population of 225,235. The 2010 population of the five-parish region of Southwest Louisiana was 292,619.[27] For the city proper of Lake Charles at the 2020 census, it had a population of 84,872, with a population density of 1,890 people per square mile among 38,434 housing units.[28] In 2010, the population was 71,993,[29] reflecting a rebound from its 1990 population of 70,580.
In 2010, the median income for a household in the city was $36,001. The
Race and ethnicity
Race | Number | Percentage |
---|---|---|
American Indian and Alaska Native
|
340 | 0.4% |
Asian
|
2,244 | 2.6% |
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)
|
39,199 | 46.2% |
Latino
|
4,772 | 5.6% |
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
|
82 | 0.1% |
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
35,143 | 41.4% |
Some Other Race
|
2,205 | 2.6% |
Two or More Races
|
4,744 | 5.6% |
White (non-Hispanic)
|
36,058 | 42.5% |
The 2010 census determined that the racial and ethnic makeup for the city was 47%
Religion
In common with most of the
Additionally, outside of Christianity, there were an estimated 354 adherents of
Crime
In 2018, the violent crime rate in the Lake Charles area was of the highest in the United States, across communities of all sizes (both large and small). Violent offenses tracked include rape, murder and non-negligent manslaughter, armed robbery, and aggravated assault, including assault with a deadly weapon.[35] Lake Charles is safer than 13% of cities in the United States. For every 100,000 people, 13.11 daily crimes occur in Lake Charles. Year over year, crime in Lake Charles has decreased by 25%.[36]
Economy
The top employer, the Calcasieu Parish School System, employs approximately 5,000 workers. The second-largest employer is L'Auberge Casino Resort, which has 2,400 workers.
Industry and manufacturing
Several petrochemical plants and an oil refinery are located nearby along the
Commerce and retail
With small businesses, big box stores, and a regional mall, Lake Charles serves as the shopping and retail hub of the five-parish area. Prien Lake Mall, which serves nearly 300,000 people is anchored by three department stores.[41] The Lake Charles Power Center is a shopping area that has 1,000,000 square feet (93,000 m2) of shopping space.[42] The Cottage Shop District supports approximately a dozen small businesses.[43]
Casinos
Lake Charles has Louisiana's biggest casino market.
While
Arts and culture
Lake Charles has a
The city has its own symphony orchestra, the Lake Charles Symphony. It was founded in 1938 and hosts concerts at the Rosa Hart Theatre,[48] which has a capacity of over 2,000.[49]
The Lake Charles Little Theatre was founded in 1927 and is the second oldest community theater in Louisiana.[50]
Lake Charles is home to a number of museums and art galleries. The largest, the Imperial Calcasieu Museum, features a permanent historical exhibit with artifacts and an art gallery.[51] Its grounds are home to the Sallier oak tree, which is around 400 years old.[52] The Historic City Hall Arts and Cultural Center is used as exhibition space; moving art exhibits are displayed at this public art gallery each month.[53] It also hosts the Charlestown Farmers' Market, which provides a venue for local farmers and merchants to sell goods.[54]
The Central School Arts and Humanities Center, located in the historical Charpentier District, is owned by the city. Charpentier is French for "carpenter", a reference to the carpenter-architects who built the mixed-style homes in the district. Central School features the Black Heritage Art Gallery, which is on the Louisiana African American Heritage Trail,[55] as well as the Mardi Gras Museum of Imperial Calcasieu, which features extravagant costumes and an interactive float. It has the largest collection of Mardi Gras memorabilia in the South.[56] Other studios and cultural activities include the Art Associates Gallery, Studio 347 Gallery, the Lake Charles Symphony, and the Lake Charles Community Band.
McNeese State University produces the annual Banners Series of various musical and theatrical performances. Banners also hosts lectures and presentations from notable persons and academics. Local theaters include the Lake Charles Little Theatre, the Artists Civic Theatre and Studio (ACTS), and the Children's Theatre.
Louisiana Pirate Festival
Many festivals are held at the Civic Center. The most popular, the Louisiana Pirate Festival (formerly Contraband Days), is hosted on the Civic Center grounds and lakefront. The festival is a twelve-day annual festival held during the first two weeks of May. The celebrations are filled with savory Cajun food, family fun, and live entertainment, including several national acts. The festival is regularly attended by more than 200,000 people, making it one of the largest celebrations in Louisiana. In a reference to the legends of piracy on the lake and Contraband Bayou, the festival begins when the pirate Jean Lafitte[6] and his crew capture the city and force the mayor to walk the plank.
Mardi Gras
Mardi Gras in Lake Charles has a long history dating back to 1882, when Momus, King of Mardi Gras, landed his royal yacht at the foot of Pujo Street downtown. Throughout the two World Wars, Mardi Gras was downsized which led to a lack of participation by the area's youth. However, an interest in redeveloping the festivities arose, and the first Mardi Gras Ball in Lake Charles was staged in 1964. The full revival of Mardi Gras in Lake Charles was not realized until 1979, when several Krewe captains formed the "Krewe of Krewes", with the primary purpose of parading and promoting Mardi Gras for local residents. In 1985, Mardi Gras of Imperial Calcasieu, Inc. was formed by a group of civic-minded volunteers to further aid in the preservation of this festival.[57] Mardi Gras in Lake Charles regularly draws in crowds of 150,000.
Cultural events
Some of the city's cultural events include Chuck Fest, Martin Luther King Festival, Livestock Show & Rodeo, Black Heritage Festival, Garden Festival, Palm Sunday Tour of Homes, Downtown at Sundown, Memorial Day Avenue of Flags, Crawfish Festival, Asian/American Culturefest, Cajun French, Creole, Zydeco Music & Zydeco Trail Rides, Food Festivals, Marshland Festival, Gatorman Triathlon, Music & Food Festival, Arts Fest, and Riverside Fall Festival.[58][59][60][61]
Libraries
Lake Charles has four libraries. The largest, with over 400,000 volumes, is Frazar Memorial Library, on the McNeese State University campus.
Sports
Lake Charles is home to the
Lake Charles has been home to the
Golf is popular at the city's Mallard Cove Golf Course. Other golf courses include Gray Plantation Golf Course, Lake Charles Country Club Golf Course, the Contraband Bayou Golf Club, and the Country Club at Golden Nugget. Gray Plantation Golf Course is featured on Louisiana's Audubon Golf Trail.[66]
South Lake Charles Little League has had nationally winning teams televised on ESPN.
Parks and recreation
The city has 31 parks, many of which include playground equipment, athletic facilities, and walking paths.
Government
Lake Charles has a
The
The Lake Charles City Court's jurisdiction covers the city and Ward 3 in
Lake Charles is represented by Clay Higgins of Louisiana's 3rd congressional district. Most of the city is represented by Senator Jeremy Stine of District 27 in the Louisiana State Senate, though Mark Abraham's District 25 includes some neighborhoods of south Lake Charles.
Education
Universities and colleges
The city has one university and one community college.
Primary and secondary schools
Lake Charles's public schools are operated by the
Media
The most widely distributed, daily newspaper is The American Press. Other popular periodicals include Lagniappe Magazine, The Jambalaya News, Gumbeaux Magazine, and Thrive Magazine. The Contraband is McNeese State University's student newspaper.
Television
Major television network affiliates include
Radio
Infrastructure
Roads
The city's streets are laid out primarily in a
Interstate 210 is an interstate highway bypass that loops through the southern portion of the city. The curving Israel LaFleur Bridge goes over the Calcasieu Ship Channel. This bridge has a 96% rating even after withstanding recent hurricanes. The loop has served Lake Charles commuters for 40 years, and carries about 40,000 vehicles per day.[86]
Other major highways include
Airports
Lake Charles is served by two airports.
Seaports
The
Public transportation
Utilities
Electrical needs are provided by the energy company Entergy. The city provides drinking water and sewage service to residents within city limits. Water is treated at six water treatment facilities in the city.[92]
Healthcare and medicine
Lake Charles is served by two hospitals with multiple locations. Christus St. Patrick Hospital operates the Lake Area Medical Center campus in south Lake Charles, and Lake Charles Memorial Hospital operates a birthing hospital called Lake Charles Memorial Hospital for Women.
In popular culture
- The musical Tony Awardfor Best Musical in 2004, is set in Lake Charles.
- Lake Charles is mentioned in Jack Kerouac's On the Road. After leaving Sal Paradise in Mexico, Dean Moriarty's car breaks down in Lake Charles.
- Lucinda Williams, singer and songwriter, wrote the song "Lake Charles" about her hometown.[93]
- Lake Charles is mentioned as the traveler's destination in the song "Up on Cripple Creek" by The Band.
Films
Lake Charles is featured or mentioned in .
- In the 1969 film Easy Rider, the as-yet unfinished I-210 Israel LaFleur Bridge can be seen in the background of a motorcycle scene with Dennis Hopper and Peter Fonda traveling west through Lake Charles on the I-10 Interstate.
Sister cities
- Sioux City, Iowa, United States (1995)[98]
- Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales, France (1993)[99]
- Cobh, County Cork, Ireland (2008)
See also
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- The Huffington Post. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
- ^ "Blue Vinyl". IMDb.com. Retrieved September 1, 2018.
- ^ "Mercy". IMDb.com. Retrieved September 1, 2018.
- ^ "Good Boy". IMDb.com. Retrieved September 1, 2018.
- ^ "IMDb: Most Popular Titles With Location Matching "Lake Charles, Louisiana, USA"". IMDb.com. Retrieved September 1, 2018.
- ^ "Welcome". Krewe de Charlie Sioux. Retrieved September 1, 2018.
- ^ Sister City directory Archived June 29, 2007, at the Wayback Machine