Lanao del Sur

Coordinates: 8°00′N 124°17′E / 8°N 124.28°E / 8; 124.28
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Lanao del Sur
Vice Governor
Mohammad Khalid R. Adiong (Lakas–CMD)
 • LegislatureLanao del Sur Provincial Board
Area
 • Total3,872.89 km2 (1,495.33 sq mi)
 • Rank33rd out of 81
Highest elevation2,815 m (9,236 ft)
Population
 (2020 census)[2]
 • Total1,195,518
 • Rank24th out of 81
 • Density310/km2 (800/sq mi)
  • Rank32nd out of 81
Divisions
 • Independent cities0
 • Component cities
1
 • Municipalities
39
  • Amai Manabilang
  • Bacolod-Kalawi
  • Balabagan
  • Balindong
  • Bayang
  • Binidayan
  • Buadiposo-Buntong
  • Bubong
  • Butig
  • Calanogas
  • Ditsaan-Ramain
  • Ganassi
  • Kapai
  • Kapatagan
  • Lumba-Bayabao
  • Lumbaca-Unayan
  • Lumbatan
  • Lumbayanague
  • Madalum
  • Madamba
  • Maguing
  • Malabang
  • Marantao
  • Marogong
  • Masiu
  • Mulondo
  • Pagayawan
  • Piagapo
  • Picong
  • Poona Bayabao
  • Pualas
  • Saguiaran
  • Sultan Dumalondong
  • Tagoloan II
  • Tamparan
  • Taraka
  • Tubaran
  • Tugaya
  • Wao
 • 
ZIP code
9300–9321, 9700–9716
IDD:area code+63 (0)63
ISO 3166 codePH-LAS
Spoken languages
Income classification1st class

Lanao del Sur (Tagalog: Timog Lanao; Maranao and Iranun: Pagabagatan Ranao), officially the Province of Lanao del Sur, is a province in the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). The capital is the city of Marawi, and it borders Lanao del Norte to the north, Bukidnon to the east, and Maguindanao del Norte and Cotabato to the south. To the southwest lies Illana Bay, an arm of the Moro Gulf.

Situated in the interior of Lanao del Sur is

Lanao Lake, the largest in Mindanao
.

Etymology

"Lanao" means "lake", derived from ranao. The province, situated at basin of Lake Lanao, is known as the land of the "Maranaos" (which means "the "people of the lake").[3]

History

Early history

Prior to the arrival of Islam, the region already had a sophisticated culture, as embodied in various Maranao epics, chants, and recorded history. The people of Lanao used to adhere to Hinduism, polytheist animism, and Buddhism. During this era, various cultural icons developed, such as the torogan, the singkil dance, the darangen epic, the unique Maranao gong and metal craft culture, the sarimanok, the okir motif, and an indigenous suyat script.[4][5]

Spanish colonization era

Lanao was first explored by the Spaniards in 1689, upon which they discovered a well-settled community named Dansalan at the lake's northern end. Lanao was the seat of the Sultanate of Lanao.[3]

During the Pre-Spanish time, there were 4 important boundaries which held the power of appointing a new sultan namely: Bakayawan, Dalama, Madamba and Sawer. In appointing a new sultan the permission of these four boundaries are needed to validate the new sultan appointed to his position.

Japanese occupation era

In 1942, it was occupied by the

Barong and Kampilan
swords against the Japanese forces in the Battle of Lanao.

Philippine independence

In 1956,

Republic Act No. 1552 changed the name Dansalan to Marawi, taken from the word rawi, referring to the reclining lilies abundant in the Agus River.[6]

Lanao province map in 1918

Division

In 1959, Lanao was divided into two provinces, Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur, under Republic Act No. 2228. Marawi was designated as the capital of Lanao del Sur.[7] The city was renamed the "Islamic City of Marawi" in 1980, and is currently the Philippines' only city having a predominantly Muslim population.[3]

Proposed Maranaw province

In 1971, Republic Act No. 6406, which sought to create a new province out of eastern Lanao del Sur (now corresponding to the province's

Bumbaran), with the chartered city of Marawi serving as the new provincial capital.[8] The division never took place due to the declaration of Martial law in the Philippines
on September 21, 1972, which disrupted the elections for 1973.

Inclusion to the ARMM

In a 1989

plebiscite, Lanao del Sur voted to join the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM), but the city of Marawi voted to remain outside the ARMM.[3]
It later joined ARMM in 2001 following the plebiscite that sought to expand the autonomous region.

Contemporary

The

Battle of Marawi
began and ended in 2017. The battle was against ISIL-affiliated militants, a number of which were Malaysian citizens. The battle destroyed most of the cityscape of Marawi and killed hundreds of civilians and Filipino soldiers.

A petition was released in support for the usage of the

Maranao cultural skyline. The petition advocates a Warsaw-style Rehabilation Effect, where the culture and styles of a particular area is used as foundation for rehabilitation of built heritage and landscape. Among the local architectural styles that may be used under the Warsaw-style are the okir, sarimanok, and inspirations from the torogan. The Warsaw-style is also foreseen to boost tourism in the city in the long-run due to the cultural aesthetics it would bring.[citation needed
]

Governors after People Power Revolution

Geography

Lanao Lake
, situated entirely within the province

Lanao del Sur is bounded on the north by Lanao del Norte, on the east by Bukidnon, on the west by Illana Bay, and on the south by Maguindanao and Cotabato. The landscape is dominated by rolling hills and valleys, placid lakes and rivers.

Located within the province is

Lanao Lake, the second largest in the country, its waters drained by the Agus River which eventually empties into Iligan Bay.[3]

The climate in the province is characterized by even distribution of rainfall throughout the year, without a distinct summer season. The province is located outside the typhoon belt.[3]

Administrative divisions

Lanao del Sur comprises 39

municipalities and 1 city
.

Political divisions
  •  †  Provincial capital and component city
  •   Municipality

Demographics

Population census of Lanao del Sur
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 13,811—    
1918 65,531+10.94%
1939 144,010+3.82%
1948 212,312+4.41%
1960 378,327+4.93%
1970 455,508+1.87%
1975 499,882+1.88%
1980 404,971−4.12%
1990 599,637+4.00%
1995 686,193+2.56%
2000 800,162+3.35%
2007 1,138,544+4.98%
2010 933,260−6.98%
2015 1,045,429+2.19%
2020 1,195,518+2.67%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[10][11][12]

The population of Lanao del Sur in the 2020 census was 1,195,518 people,[2] with a density of 310 inhabitants per square kilometre or 800 inhabitants per square mile.

The majority of people in the province are

Sama
.

Maranao is the most commonly spoken language in the province.[3] Iranun is the native language of most of the inhabitants of the municipality of Kapatagan. Also spoken are Maguindanao, Cebuano, and Chavacano followed by Tagalog and English. Minority languages such as Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Kapampangan, Higaonon are also spoken

Religion

Most of the people of Lanao del Sur are practitioners of Islam.[3] The majority of them are Sunni. The number of Muslims in this province is 872,678 or 94.00% of the total population of the province of Lanao Del Sur.[13]

Economy


Schools/universities

  • Dansalan College
  • Adiong Memorial Polytechnic State College
  • Gandamatu Private Hospital, located in Macadar (Patka Apo)
  • Lumbatan
  • Mindanao State University (Main Campus)
  • Jamiatu Muslim Mindanao (Arabic - English)
  • Tamparan Populace Islamic College (TPIC)
  • Philippine Muslim Teachers' College (PMTC)
  • Al Khwarizmi International College (AKIC)
  • Philippine Integrated School Foundation Inc. (PISFI)
  • Philippine Engineering and Agro-Industrial College, Inc. (PEACI)

UNESCO Designations in Lanao del Sur

World Heritage List once proper documentation and restoration has been completed. Two torogans have been bought by a controversial heritage resort company, Las Casas Filipinas de Acuzar, and were transported to Bataan, sparking a provincial campaign to get back the two royal houses to their ancestral homeland.[21]

Hospitals

  • Amai Pakpak Medical Center
  • Former Libyan Hospital
  • Dr. Abdullah Hospital

References

  1. ^ Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Department of Agriculture: Lanao del Sur Archived January 19, 2015, at the Wayback Machine (There are major discrepancies among authoritative sources: 4121.3 km² (NAMRIA); 1,349,437 ha (NSCB, this value seems unreasonable and must be assumed as erroneous, see Talk:Lanao del Sur#Area))
  2. ^ a b c Census of Population (2020). Table B - Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City, and Municipality - By Region. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
  3. ^ . Retrieved December 25, 2015.
  4. ^ "National Commission for Culture and the Arts".
  5. ^ "The Traditional Dance of Lanao del Sur, on the Spotlight in Teleserye Wildflower – Choose Philippines. Find. Discover. Share". July 8, 2021.
  6. ^ "Republic Act No. 1552 - An Act to Amend the Charter of the City of Dansalan So as to Change Its Name to Marawi and Make Elective Its Mayor, Vice Mayor and Councilors, and for Other Purposes". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved December 25, 2015.
  7. ^ "Republic Act No. 2228 - An Act to Create the Provinces of Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved December 25, 2015.
  8. ^ "Republic Act No. 6406 - An Act Dividing the Province of Lanao del Sur into the Province of Maranaw and Lanao del Sur". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved December 25, 2015.
  9. ^ a b "Province: Lanao del Sur". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved January 8, 2016.
  10. ^ a b Census of Population (2015). Highlights of the Philippine Population 2015 Census of Population. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
  11. ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010). Population and Annual Growth Rates for The Philippines and Its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities (PDF). National Statistics Office. Retrieved June 29, 2016.
  12. ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010). "ARMM – Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved June 29, 2016.
  13. ^ Michael Bueza (July 17, 2015). "MAP: Islam in the Philippines". www.rappler.com. Retrieved July 10, 2022.
  14. ^ "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
  15. ^ "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. November 29, 2005.
  16. ^ "2009 Official Poverty Statistics of the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. February 8, 2011.
  17. ^ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
  18. ^ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
  19. ^ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
  20. ^ "Updated Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population with Measures of Precision, by Region and Province: 2015 and 2018". Philippine Statistics Authority. June 4, 2020.
  21. ^ "Art installations inaugurate art space at controversial Acuzar 'heritage resort' in Bataan". May 26, 2013.

External links