Lands of the Bohemian Crown (1348–1526)

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Lands of the Bohemian Crown
Země Koruny české (cs)
Länder der Böhmischen Krone (de)
Corona regni Bohemiae (la)
Latin
Religion
GovernmentFeudal monarchy
King 
History 
• Bohemian Crown lands established
7 April 1348
• Bohemian Crown lands became a part of the Habsburg monarchy
16 December 1526
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Czech lands under Luxembourgs
Upper Lusatia
Lower Lusatia
Upper Palatinate (Electoral Palatinate)
Bohemian Crown under Ferdinand I
Today part of

King John's eldest son Charles IV was elected King of the Romans in 1346 and succeeded his father as King of Bohemia in the same year. Charles IV created the Bohemian Crown lands on the foundation of the original Czech lands ruled by the Přemyslid dynasty until 1306, together with the incorporated provinces in 1348. By linking the territories, the interconnection of crown lands thus no more belonged to a king or a dynasty but to the Bohemian monarchy itself, symbolically personalized by the Crown of Saint Wenceslas.

History of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown (1348–1526)

Luxembourgs

The Luxembourg dynasty reached its high point, when Charles was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 1355.[1] By his Imperial authority he decreed that the united Bohemian lands should endure regardless of dynastic developments, even if the Luxembourgs should die out.[2]

In 1367 he purchased

Wenceslaus
in 1376.

With King Wenceslaus, the decline of the Luxembourg dynasty began. He himself was deposed as King of the Romans in 1400. The Duchies of Brabant, Limburg (in 1406), and even Luxembourg itself (in 1411) were ceded to the French House of Valois-Burgundy; while the Margraviate of Brandenburg passed to the House of Hohenzollern (in 1415).[2]

During Hussite Wars

Nevertheless, the joint rule of the Bohemian Lands outlived the Hussite Wars and the extinction of the Luxembourg male line upon the death of Emperor Sigismund in 1437.

From the Jagiellons to the Habsburgs

Treaty of Olomouc, whereby the unity of the Bohemian crown lands was officially retained unchanged and the monarchs appointed each other as sole heir. Upon the death of King Matthias in 1490, Vladislas ruled the Bohemian crown lands and the Kingdom of Hungary
in personal union.

When Vladislas' only son Louis was killed at the Battle of Mohács in 1526 ending the Jagiellon dynasty rule in Bohemia, a convention of Bohemian nobles elected his brother-in-law, the Habsburg archduke Ferdinand I of Austria, as the new king of the Bohemian crown lands. Together with the Archduchy of Austria "hereditary lands" and the Hungarian kingdom, they formed the Habsburg monarchy.

During the reign of King Ferdinand I from 1526, the lands of the Bohemian Crown became a constituent part of the Habsburg monarchy, which in the following centuries grew out of the Holy Roman Empire into a separate European power.

See also

References

  1. ^ Schelleová, Ilona (2011). Geschichte der tschechischen öffentlichen Verwaltung Karel Schelle (in German). GRIN Verlag.
  2. ^ . Retrieved 25 February 2013.