Demographics of Nauru
Demographics of Nauru | |
---|---|
Population | 11,680 (2021) |
Density | 554 |
Life expectancy | 63.9 |
• male | 60.9 |
• female | 67.1 |
Fertility rate | 3.51 (2020-21) |
Net migration rate | 84 (2009) |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 38% (2021) |
Sex ratio | |
Total | 0.91 males/female (2014 est.) |
At birth | 0.84 males/female (2014 est.) |
Under 15 | 0.79 males/female (2014 est.) |
15–64 years | 1.00 males/female (2014 est.) |
65 and over | 0.78 males/female (2014 est.) |
Nationality | |
Nationality | noun Nauruan(s), adj. Nauruan |
Major ethnic | Nauruan (92.1%) |
Minor ethnic | Kiribati (2.4%), Fiji (2.2%), Australia (1.2%) |
Language | |
Official | Nauruan, English |
The demographics of Nauru, an
Nauru is inhabited mostly by
The
Population
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1886 | 1,294 | — |
1921 | 2,066 | +1.35% |
1933 | 2,641 | +2.07% |
1947 | 2,855 | +0.56% |
1954 | 3,473 | +2.84% |
1961 | 4,613 | +4.14% |
1966 | 6,057 | +5.60% |
1977 | 6,966 | +1.28% |
1983 | 7,674 | +1.63% |
1992 | 9,919 | +2.89% |
2002 | 10,065 | +0.15% |
2006 | 9,233 | −2.13% |
2011 | 10,084 | +1.78% |
20131 | 10,293 | +1.03% |
2021 | 11,680 | +1.59% |
1 Estimate Source: The Centre for Independent Studies,[2] Nauru Bureau of Statistics[3] |
With a population of under twelve thousand in 2021, Nauru
In Nauru's history, there have been six major demographics changes. The island was first inhabited by Micronesian people roughly 3,000 years ago.
From 2002 to 2011, there has been negative net migration, with an annual 109 net emigrants from 2006 to 2011.[12] In 2009 there were 1,820 arrivals and 1,736 departures, for a positive rate of 84 immigrants. This was the first time since collecting data in 2002, there was a positive rate.[4] Data on arrivals and departures collected by the Nauruan Customs and Immigration Office is not available, so specific immigration data is unavailable.[13] As of the 2011 census, 57% of the population over 15 years old were legally or de facto married, 35% were never married, while 7% were either widowed, separated, or divorced.[14] There are 1,647 households in Nauru, making an average household size of 6.0 persons per household.[15]
Nauru is one of the most Westernized regions of the South Pacific.[16]
Structure of the population
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 5 547 | 5 467 | 11 014 | 100 |
0–4 | 839 | 806 | 1 645 | 14.94 |
5–9 | 854 | 725 | 1 579 | 14.34 |
10–14 | 562 | 579 | 1 142 | 10.37 |
15–19 | 525 | 488 | 1 012 | 9.19 |
20–24 | 434 | 402 | 836 | 7.59 |
25–29 | 461 | 468 | 930 | 8.44 |
30–34 | 444 | 457 | 900 | 8.17 |
35–39 | 377 | 346 | 723 | 6.56 |
40–44 | 277 | 285 | 562 | 5.10 |
45–49 | 220 | 223 | 443 | 4.02 |
50–54 | 212 | 240 | 452 | 4.10 |
55–59 | 152 | 190 | 343 | 3.11 |
60–64 | 110 | 131 | 242 | 2.20 |
65–69 | 50 | 77 | 127 | 1.15 |
70–74 | 15 | 25 | 40 | 0.36 |
75–79 | 15 | 24 | 39 | 0.35 |
80+ | ||||
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 2 255 | 2 110 | 4 365 | 39.63 |
15–64 | 3 212 | 3 231 | 6 443 | 58.50 |
65+ | 80 | 126 | 206 | 1.87 |
Vital statistics
For births, deaths, and fertility rates, the Nauru Bureau of Statistics was used.[18][19][20] For population, the United States Census Bureau's mid-year estimated were used.[21] If a cell is shaded light green and a dagger† stands beside a number, it indicates the estimate from The World Factbook.[22] In 2013, the number of births (366) and birth rate (38.8) was the second-highest during this period. In 2011, the total fertility rate of 4.2 was the highest since 1992 (4.5). Since 2009, there has been a natural change of at least 200 inhabitants—the first since the reparations of the population in 2006.
Year | Population | Births | Deaths | Change | Birth rate | Death rate | C. Change | TFR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1992 | 9,826 | 331 | 64 | 267 | 33.7 | 6.5 | 27.2 | 4.5 |
1993 | 9,823 | 320 | 70 | 250 | 32.6 | 7.1 | 25.5 | 2.1† |
1994 | 9,824 | 335 | 53 | 282 | 34.1 | 5.4 | 28.7 | 2.2† |
1995 | 9,821 | 309 | 71 | 238 | 31.5 | 7.2 | 24.2 | 2.1† |
1996 | 9,830 | 371 | 82 | 289 | 37.7 | 8.3 | 29.4 | — |
1997 | 9,868 | 356 | 97 | 259 | 36.1 | 9.8 | 25.9 | 4.1 |
1998 | 9,885 | 304 | 97 | 207 | 30.8 | 9.8 | 20.9 | 2.1† |
1999 | 9,874 | 306 | 82 | 224 | 31.0 | 8.3 | 22.7 | — |
2000 | 9,861 | 311 | 70 | 241 | 31.5 | 7.1 | 24.4 | 3.7† |
2001 | 9,890 | 325 | 123 | 202 | 32.9 | 12.4 | 20.4 | 3.6† |
2002 | 9,916 | 314 | 92 | 222 | 31.7 | 9.3 | 22.4 | 3.0 |
2003 | 9,926 | 212 | 76 | 136 | 21.4 | 7.7 | 13.7 | 2.5 |
2004 | 9,969 | 253 | 75 | 178 | 25.4 | 7.5 | 17.9 | 3.1 |
2005 | 10,014 | 194 | 80 | 114 | 19.4 | 8.0 | 11.4 | 2.4 |
2006 | 9,565 | 190 | 88 | 102 | 19.9 | 9.2 | 10.7 | 2.3 |
2007 | 9,115 | 171 | 74 | 97 | 18.8 | 8.1 | 10.6 | 2.1 |
2008 | 9,162 | 206 | 84 | 122 | 22.5 | 9.2 | 13.3 | 2.5 |
2009 | 9,213 | 273 | 57 | 216 | 29.6 | 6.2 | 23.4 | 3.2 |
2010 | 9,267 | 322 | 69 | 253 | 34.7 | 7.4 | 27.3 | 3.7 |
2011 | 9,322 | 370 | 75 | 295 | 39.7 | 8.0 | 31.6 | 4.2 |
2012 | 9,378 | 319 | — | — | 34.0 | 6.0† | — | 3.0† |
2013 | 9,434 | 366 | — | — | 38.8 | — | — | — |
2011-2021 data from NAURU 2021 POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS - ANALYTICAL REPORT[23]
Year | Population | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase | Total Fertility Rate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2011 | 9,945 | 427 | 4.86 | ||
2012 | 378 | 4.32 | |||
2013 | 353 | 3.94 | |||
2014 | 350 | 3.93 | |||
2015 | 371 | 4.11 | |||
2016 | 395 | 4.38 | |||
2017 | 380 | 4.19 | |||
2018 | 317 | 3.45 | |||
2019 | 283 | 3.03 | |||
2020 | 327 | 3.47 | |||
2021 | 11,680 | 332 | 74 | 258 | 3.41 |
Ethnic groups
Nauru, as of 2011, is mainly inhabited by
Ethnic group | 2011 | 2006 | 2002 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
Nauruan | 9,313 | 93.6 | 9,547 | 95.8 | 7,572 | 75.2 |
I-Kiribati | 178 | 1.8 | 146 | 1.5 | 1,259 | 12.5 |
Chinese | 145 | 1.5 | 61 | 0.6 | 463 | 4.6 |
Other | 309 | 3.1 | 214 | 2.1 | 771 | 7.7 |
Total | 9,945 | 100 | 9,968 | 100 | 10,065 | 100 |
Source: Nauru Bureau of Statistics[24][26] |
The recent sizable immigration event of Chinese people happened in 1993.[27]
Languages
The Nauruan language is the official language of Nauru[citation needed].[28] English is widely understood and is used for most government and commercial purposes,[29] and is official.[30] According to the 2011 census, 95.3% of the population speaks Nauruan, 66.0% speak English, and 11.9% speak another language.[15] Nauruan is an Austronesian language, however, no adequate written grammar of the language has been compiled, and its relationships to other Micronesian languages are not well understood.[31]
Religions
The main religions in Nauru are Nauru Congregational (35.71%), Roman Catholic (32.96%), Assemblies of God (12.98%), and Nauruan indigenous religion (9.50%). The biggest changes from 2002 to 2011 were an increase from 0 to 1,291 (Assemblies of God) and 1,417 to 282 (Other).[32] Public holidays include New Year's Day (1 January), Independence Day (31 January), Good Friday, Easter Monday, Easter Tuesday, Constitution Day (17 May), National Youth Day (25 September), Christmas Day, and Boxer Day.[33]
The indigenous religion was the predominant religion in Nauru before the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when foreign missionaries introduced Christianity to the island. It is still practised by 9.5% of the population, according to 2011 census. There are a few active Christian missionary organisations, including representatives of Anglicanism, Methodism, and Catholicism. The Constitution provides for freedom of religion;[25] however, the Government restricted this right in some circumstances. The government has restricted the religious practices of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and the Jehovah's Witnesses, most of whom are foreign workers employed by RONPhos.[34]
Education
The education system had a near-collapse in 2000–2005. During this time, exams were not held, teachers were not paid, and schools did not have enough funding to continue.[37] As a result, over half of the schools closed.[36] In 2009, the Australian Government partnered with the Nauruan Department of Education to help. This agreement resulted in a 5.7% increase in students, teachers with a degree increased from 30% to 93%, and over A$11 million was used to construct a new secondary school.[40]
Health
A universal healthcare system is present in Nauru, which is provided to all citizens of Nauru without charge.[41] There is only one hospital in Nauru, being the Republic of Nauru Hospital in Yaren, which offers basic surgical and medical care. However, patients who would need more advanced care would typically travel to Australian hospitals.[42] In 2012, an estimated 7.5% of its GDP was spent on healthcare.[43] In 2004, 149 physicians and 557 nurses per 100,000 people were present.[44] Nauru has the world's highest obesity rate, with an obesity rate of 71.7%.[45] Nauru's population has a life expectancy of 66 years at birth, ranking it 169th in the world.[46]
Economic indicators
Net monthly income in 2006 averaged A$2,597 (A$3,848 in 2014[47]). In the same year, gross monthly income averaged A$9,554 (A$14,154 in 2014[47]). This was calculated during the mini-census of 2006, which featured 54.4% response rate of the population.[48] The income was calculated using the following factors: first job salary, subsistence, other business income, second job salary, services to other households, benefits, house gifts consumed and received, and other income.[49] Compared to other countries that use the Australian dollar—Kiribati, Australia, and Tuvalu—Nauru ranks number one in terms of income.[citation needed] Since 2013, Nauru does not have a minimum wage.[50]
Nauru's number of employed people has steadily risen and fallen. According to the 2011 census, there are 2,883 employed persons and 908 unemployed persons, making an unemployment rate of 23%.[4] The Nauru Bureau of Statistics predicted the unemployment rate will decrease to 22% in FY2014/15.[51] The gross domestic product of Nauru was A$69.55 million in 2009, an increase of 40% increase from 2008. The GDP is broken down into three categories: primary (18.7%—agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing, mining, and quarrying), secondary (36.5%—manufacturing, electric, gas, water, and construction), and tertiary (44.8%—trade, hotel, restaurants, and various services) industries.[52]
A majority of the population are employed in phosphate mining, public administration, education, and transportation.
Notes
^A For Kiribati, the average annual income was reported as A$8,745, which was divided by 12 months to receive a monthly income.[62] For Australia, the minimum (A$400) and maximum (A$599) average income was taken from the 2006 census and divided by two to receive the average weekly income; this amount was multiplied by 4.33 to receive the monthly income.[63] For Tuvalu, the 2005 monthly income was used with an inflation calculator to provide the 2006 value.[64]
References
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{{cite book}}
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- ^ "Population". World Population Prospectus. United Nations. 2012. Archived from the original on 21 August 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
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- ^ First National Report to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD): Nauru (PDF) (Report). United Nations. 2003. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 29 June 2014.
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- ^ Nauru Bureau of Statistics 2011, p. 50
- ^ Nauru Bureau of Statistics 2011, p. 48
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- ISBN 9781921536915.meeting held that year on Nauru. Many had to return to China after the Forum, but a few stayed to join the Chinese community on Nauru to sell cooked rice to Naurans.
In 1993, Chinese migrant families moved to Nauru to establish 83 small businesses attached to Nauruan houses to cater for the fast-food needs of the media and other followers of the South Pacific Forum
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All Bills are to be drafted in English, the official language of Nauru.
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