Larvicide

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Larvicide CULINEX Tab plus, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis

A larvicide (alternatively larvacide) is an

biological control
agents.

Biological agents

Larva of Aedes aegypti

The biological control agent

midges, have come into increasing use in recent times.[1][2]

Bti and B. sphaericus are both naturally occurring soil bacterium registered as larvicides under the names Bactivec, Bacticide, Aquabac, Teknar, Vectobac, LarvX, and VectoLex CG. Typically in granular form, pellets are distributed on the surface of

stagnant water
locations. When the mosquito larvae ingest the bacteria, crystallized toxins are produced that destroy the digestive tract, resulting in death. These larvicides will last only a few weeks in water and pose no danger to humans, non-targeted animal species, or the environment when used according to directions.

Chemical Agents

bioaccumulates in fish tissues.[3]

Temephos, marketed as Abate and ProVect, is an organophosphate which prevents mosquito larvae from developing resistance to bacterial larvicides. Due to the small amount needed and the fast rate that temephos breaks down in water, this type of larvicide does not pose an unreasonable health risk to humans, but at large doses it can cause nausea or dizziness. Similarly, there is not a large risk to terrestrial species, but there is a toxic concern for non-targeted aquatic species. Therefore, temephos should be limited only to sites where less hazardous larvicides are ineffective and with intervals between applications.[citation needed
]

Acoustic larvicide

Sound energy transmitted into water at specific frequencies cause larvae air bladders to instantly rupture, severely damaging internal tissues causing death or latent effects prohibiting further maturity.[citation needed]

Other techniques

Larviciding techniques can also include the addition of surface films to standing water to suffocate mosquito larvae, or the

genetic modification of plants so that they naturally produce a larvicide in plant tissues.[citation needed
]

Research on botanical oils has found neem oil to be larvicidal.[citation needed]

Larvicidal activity of neem oil (Azadirachta indica) formulation against mosquitoes. Median lethal concentration (LC50) of the formulation against Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti was found to be 1.6, 1.8 and 1.7 ppm respectively. The formulation also showed 95.1% and 99.7% reduction of Aedes larvae on day 1 and day 2 respectively; thereafter 100% larval control was observed up to day 7.[4][5]

See also

References

  1. ISBN 978-0-13-144329-7.[page needed
    ]
  2. hdl:10413/1235.[page needed
    ]
  3. ^ "Methoprene: General Fact Sheet". National Pesticide Information Center. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  4. PMID 10412110
    .
  5. ^ "Pest Control Sydney". Retrieved 25 February 2021.

External links

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