Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem
Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem Patriarchatus Latinus Hierosolymitanus הפטריארכיה הלטינית של ירושלים بطريركية القدس للاتين Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem | |
|---|---|
| Archbishopric | |
| catholic | |
Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre | |
| Co-cathedral | Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus |
| Secular priests | 66 |
| Current leadership | |
| Pope | Francis |
| Patriarch | Pierbattista Pizzaballa |
| Auxiliary Bishops | |
| Bishops emeritus | |
| Website | |
| lpj.org | |
The Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem (
Basilica di San Lorenzo fuori le Mura in Rome. Pope Pius IX
re-established a resident Latin patriarch in 1847.
The Latin patriarch of Jerusalem is now the
grand prior of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre. The office of Latin patriarch of Jerusalem became vacant on 24 June 2016, and the patriarchate was managed by Archbishop Pierbattista Pizzaballa as apostolic administrator. Pizzaballa was appointed Latin patriarch on 24 October 2020.[1]
He took possession of the see on 6 November 2020.
It is
metropolitan
functions.
The title of
Antioch
; still others were abolished earlier.
Outside the Catholic Church, the title of "Patriarch of Jerusalem" is also used by the
Melkite Patriarch
.
History
Jerusalem (in Latin also Hierosolyma) was one of the Apostles' original bishoprics. It was renamed Aelia Capitolina in 135 AD, again Jerusalem in 325. In 451 it was promoted as Patriarchal See. After 649, Pope Martin appointed John of Philadelphia (Amman) as Patriarchal vicar of Jerusalem to replace Sergius of Jaffa.
In 1054, the
Eastern Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem
.
Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem
In 1099, the Western
.The Latin Patriarch resided in Jerusalem from 1099 to 1187, while Orthodox Patriarchs continued to be appointed, but resided in
Mamluks
in 1291, and the Latin hierarchy was effectively eliminated in the Levant.
With the
Fall of Acre, the Latin Patriarch moved to the Kingdom of Cyprus
in 1291.
Titular Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem
In 1374, the Kingdom of Cyprus underwent a severe upheaval when it was invaded by the Genoese, who conquered Famagusta and held King Peter II captive.
From that time on, the Latin Patriarchs of Jerusalem ceased to reside in Cyprus. The Catholic Church continued to appoint
In 1342,
Custos of the Holy Lands (the Grand Masters of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre) held the title ex officio under the Papal bull Gratiam agimus by Pope Clement VI
, unless someone was specifically appointed to the honorary office.
In 1570, it gained territories from the suppressed Archdiocese of Nicosia and Diocese of Paphos, and in 1571 it gained more territories from the suppressed Diocese of Limassol and Diocese of Famagosta, all in former Crusader Kingdom of Cyprus, which had fallen to the Ottoman Turks.
Modern Patriarchate of Jerusalem
A resident Latin Patriarch was re-established in 1847 by
Ottoman Sultan
authorised the re-establishment of a Latin hierarchy. The Grand Masters of the Order continued to be named as Latin Patriarchs until 1905.
The
Old City, near the Co-Cathedral, while the seminary, which is responsible for the liturgical education, is in Beit Jala
, a town 10 km south of Jerusalem, where it has been since 1936.
In 1987,
.The prerogatives of the Patriarch in his relation with government authorities overlap with the prerogatives of the
Apostolic Delegate to Jerusalem and Palestine
.
In 2008, Archbishop
apostolic administrator
of the Patriarchate and named Patriarch on 24 October 2020.
Pope Paul VI visited in January 1964, Pope John Paul II in March 2000, Pope Benedict XVI in May 2009 and Pope Francis in May 2014.
Organisation and Territory
The Patriarch is supported by bishops and non-bishop patriarchal vicars:[11]
- Rafic Nahra, Auxiliary Bishop and Patriarchal Vicar for Israel, based in Nazareth[12]
- Piotr Zelasko, Patriarchal Vicar for the Hebrew-speaking Catholics, based in Jerusalem
- Matthew Coutinho, asylum seekers of the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem, based in Tel Aviv
Statistics and extent
As per 2015, it pastorally served 293,053 Catholics in 66 parishes with 464 priests (81 diocesan, 383 religious), 9 deacons, 1,652 lay religious (590 brothers, 1,062 sisters) and 55 seminarians.[citation needed] Since then, several parishes have been added and there are now over 70 across four areas in 2023.[14]
The proper Archdiocese of the patriarchal see of Jerusalem has jurisdiction over all Latin Catholics (not Eastern Catholics) in the Holy Land (Israel, Palestine and Jordan) as well as Cyprus. In Jerusalem, the Latin Catholic community is the largest Christian community, with some 4,500 people out of an estimated Christian population of about 11,000.[15]
Special churches
In
St. Anne’s Church.[citation needed
]
Other cities in the archdiocese have more Minor Basilicas:
Basilica of the Transfiguration in Mount Tabor, Carmelite Monastery of Stella Maris in Haifa and St. Cleophas Church in El Qubeibeh, and two other World Heritage Sites, both in Bethlehem : Church of St. Catherine and Church of the Nativity.[citation needed
]
List of Latin Patriarchs of Jerusalem
Prior to the
Great Schism, there were no separate Latin and Greek Orthodox Churches, and thus no separate patriarchs. For patriarchs of Jerusalem of the unified Church prior to the Schism, see Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem
.
- Arnulf of Chocques (1099)[16]
- Dagobert of Pisa (1099–1101)[17]
- Maurice of Porto (1101–1102),[18] ad interim
- Evremar (1102–1105)[19]
- Dagobert of Pisa (restored) (1105)[17]
- Ghibbelin of Arles (1107–1112)[19]
- Arnulf of Chocques (re-appointed) (1112–1118)[16]
- Warmund of Jerusalem (also known as Garmond of Picquigny) (1119–1128)[19]
- Stephen of La Ferté (1128–1130)[20]
- William of Malines (1130–1145)[19]
- Fulk of Angoulême (1146–1157)[19]
- Amalric of Nesle (1157–1180)[21]
- Heraclius (1180–1191)[19]
Jerusalem itself was lost in 1187; seat of the patriarch moved (with the kingdom in retreat) to Acre.
- Michel de Corbeil (1193–1194)[22]
- Aymar the Monk (also known as Aimaro Monaco dei Corbizzi) (1194–1202)
- Soffredo (also known as Loffredo Errico Gaetani) (1202–1204)
- Albert of Vercelli (also known as Albert Avogadro) (1204–1214)[23]
- Raoul of Mérencourt (1214–1225)[24]
- Gerold of Lausanne (1225–1238)[24]
- vacant (1238–1240); Jacques de Vitry appointed but never served
- Robert of Nantes (1240–1254)[24]
- Jacques Pantaléon (1255–1261), future Pope Urban IV of Rome
- William II of Agen(1261–1270)
- Tommaso Agni (1271–1277)
- John of Vercelli (1278–1279)
- Elias of Périgueux(1279–1287)
- Nicholas of Hanapes (1288–1294)
Acre lost in 1291; see in exile moved to Cyprus, then Rome after 1374; titular patriarchs until 1847.
- Landolfo (1295–1304)
- Antony Bek (1306–1311), also Prince-Bishop of Durham in England from 1284 to 1310
- Pierre Pleinecassagne (1314–1318)[22]
- Pierre (1314–1318)[22]
The
Custodian of the Holy Land held the title from 1342 to 1830 under the Papal bull Gratiam agimus by Pope Clement VI
. The bull declared the Franciscans as the official custodians of the Holy Places in the name of the Catholic Church, "unless someone was specifically appointed in the honorary office".
- Raymond Bequin (Raimondo Beguin), O.P. (1324–1329 Died)[25]
- O.P. (1329–1342 Died)[26]
- Élie de Nabinal, O.F.M. (1342)[22]
- O. Carm. (1342–1348)[22]
- Emanuele de Nabinal, O.F.M. (1345)[22]
- Guillaume Amici (Lamy) (1349–1360)[22]
- Philippe de Cabassole (1361–1368)[22]
- O.P. (1369–1371)[22]
- Guilherme Audibert de la Garde (1371–1374)[22]
- Philippe d'Alençon de Valois (1375–1378)[22]
- Guglielmo da Urbino, O.F.M. (1379–?)[22]
During the Western Schism, the patriarch was appointed by both popes resulting in overlapping appointments.
- Named by the pope of Rome:
- O.E.S.A. (1379–1384)[22]
- Fernandus (1386–1395)[22]
- Ugo Roberti (1396–1409 Died)
- Named by the Pope of Avignon:
- Lope Fernández de Luna (1380–1382)[22]
- Bertrande de Chanac (1382–1385)[22]
- Aimone Séchal (1385–1404)[22]
- Francesc Eiximenis (Francesco Eximini), O.F.M. (1408–1409)[22]
- Francisco Clemente Pérez Capera (1419–1429)[22]
- Leonardo Delfino (patriarch), O.F.M. (1430–1434)[22]
- Biagio Molino (1434–1447 Died)[22][27]
- Cristoforo Garatoni (Apostolic Administrator 1448–1449)[22]
- Bessarion (Apostolic Administrator 1449–1458)[22]
- Lorenzo Zanni (Lorenzo Zane) (1458–1460)[22][28]
- Louis de Haricuria (1460–1479)[22]
- Bartolomeo della Rovere, O.F.M. (1480–1494)[22]
- Giovanni Antonio Sangiorgio (1500–1503)
- Bernardino López de Carvajal y Sande (1503–1511 Resigned)[29]
- ...
- Rodrigo de Carvajal (1523–1539)
- Alessandro Farnese (1539–1550)
- Cristoforo Spiriti (1550–1556 Died)[30]
- Antonio Elio (Antonius Helius) (1558–1576)
- Gian Antonio Facchinetti de Nuce (1576–1584), future Pope Innocent IX of Rome
- Scipione Gonzaga (1585–1588)
- Francesco Cennini de' Salamandri (1618–1621)[31]
- Diofebo Farnese (1621–1622 Died)[31]
- Alfonso Manzanedo de Quiñones (1622–1627 Died)[31][33]
- Domenico de' Marini (patriarch) (1627–1635 Died)[31]
- Giovanni Battista Colonna (1636–1637 Died)[31]
- Tegrimus Tegrimi (1638–1641 Died)[34]
- Aegidius Ursinus de Vivere (1641–1647 Died)[22][31][35]
- unknown
- Camillo Massimo (1653–1671)[31]
- O.S.B. (1671–1686 Died)[36]
- Bandino Panciatichi (1689–1690)[36]
- Niccolo Pietro Bargellini (1690–1694 Died)[36]
- Francesco Martelli (1698–1706)[36]
- Muzio Gaeta (1708–1728)[36][37]
- Vincent Louis Gotti (1728–1729)[36]
- Pompeo Aldrovandi (1729–1734)[36]
- Tommaso Cervini (1734–1751)
- Tommaso Moncada La Rocca (1751–1762)
- Giorgio Maria Lascaris (1762–1795)
- vacant (1795–1800)
- Michele di Pietro (1800–1821)
- Francesco Maria Fenzi (1816–1829)
- Latin Patriarch of Alexandria, 1847–1860
Archbishop of Naples with Herbert Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer & Luigi Barlassina
the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem on the right, August 11, 1926Restoration of resident Latin patriarchs of Jerusalem in 1847.
- Joseph Valerga(1847–1872)
- Giovanni Vincenzo Bracco(1872–1889)
Latin patriarchate hierarchy re-established in 1889.
- Luigi Piavi (1889–1905)
- Auxiliary Bishop: Pasquale Appodia(13 Feb 1891 – 7 Nov 1901)
- vacant (1905–1906)
- Filippo Camassei (1906–1919)[38]
- Luigi Barlassina (1920–1947)
- Auxiliary Bishop: Godric Kean(14 Jul 1924 – 1928.12)
- Auxiliary Bishop: Francesco Fellinger (26 Feb 1929 – 22 Jul 1940)
- vacant (1947–1949)
- Auxiliary Bishop: Vincent Gelat(30 Apr 1948 – 19 Jan 1968)
- Alberto Gori (1949–1970)
- Vicar general: Bishop Pier Giorgio Chiappero, O.F.M. (31 Aug 1959 – 15 Jul 1963)
- Auxiliary Bishop: Hanna Kaldany(4 Jan 1964 – 14 May 1996)
- Auxiliary Bishop: Neemeh Simaan (21 Sep 1965 – 25 May 1981)
- Giacomo Giuseppe Beltritti (1970–1987)
- Auxiliary Bishop: Salim Sayegh(26 Nov 1981 – 19 Jan 2012)
- Michel Sabbah (1987–2008)
- Auxiliary Bishop: Kamal Hanna Bathish(29 Apr 1993 – 9 Jun 2007)
- Fouad Twal (2008–2016)
- Auxiliary Bishop (29 Apr 1993 – 29 Aug 2020): Emmaus
- Lydda
- Auxiliary Bishop (29 Apr 1993 – 29 Aug 2020):
- vacant (24 Jun 2016 – 6 November 2020)[39]
- Pierbattista Pizzaballa (6 November 2020 – present)
- Auxiliary Bishop (11 March 2022 – present): Rafic Nahra, titular bishop of Verbe[12]
- Auxiliary Bishop (11 March 2022 – present): Jamal Khader Daibes, titular bishop of Patara[12]
- Auxiliary Bishop (9 January 2024 – present): Bruno Varriano, titular bishop of Astigi[13]
See also
- Catholic Church in Israel
- Catholic Church in Palestine
- Catholic Church in the Middle East
- List of Catholic dioceses in the Holy Land and Cyprus
- List of parishes of the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem
- Our Lady of Palestine
- Custody of the Holy Land
- Latin Church in the Middle East
- Syriac Orthodox Bishop of Jerusalem, competing title
References
- ^ Pope appoints Archbishop Pizzaballa Patriarch of Jerusalem.
- ^ National Geographic website, Educational Resources, Jul 16, 1054 CE: Great Schism
- ^ JStor website, The Establishment of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem by Dana Carleton Munro, published in The Sewanee Review, Vol. 32, No. 3 (Jul., 1924), pp. 258-275
- ^ The Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem website, Latin Patriarchate
- ^ a b Oeuvre Orient website, The Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem
- ^ Google Books website, Merchant Adventurer Kings of Rhoda: The Lost World of the Tucson Artifacts, by Donald N. Yates, p138
- ^ Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem website, Franciscan Custody
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-11-19. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Catholic Herald website, ‘Why can’t we choose our own Patriarch?’, article by Jill, Duchess of Hamilton dated June 30, 2016
- ^ Pope Names Arch. Fouad Twal Patriarch of Jerusalem - Vatican Radio 21/6/08 Archived 2012-09-11 at archive.today
- ^ "Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem website, New priests' assignments in the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem 2021".
- ^ a b c d "Rinunce e nomine". Holy See Press Office (in Italian). Holy See. 11 March 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
- ^ a b "Resignations and Appointments". Holy See Press Office. Holy See. 9 January 2024. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
- ^ Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem website, List of Parishes, retrieved 2023-12-05
- ^ Jerusalem Post, May 8, 2009 - Depths of despair
- ^ a b "Arnulf of Chocques", DHI, University of Leeds
- ^ a b Runciman, Steven. The First Crusade. A History of the Crusades. Vol. 1. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 1951, pp. 305-307
- ISBN 9780300189315
- ^ a b c d e f Fortescue, Adrian. "Jerusalem (After 1291)." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 1 October 2022
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ISBN 9780521319225
- ^ Barber, Malcolm. "The challenge of state building in the twelfth century", Reading Medieval Studies, XXXVI. p. 9
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa "Patriarchal See of Jerusalem" GCatholic.org. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved September 28, 2016
- ^ "Saint Albert of Jerusalem", Irish Province of Carmelites
- ^ a b c "Bishops/Patriarchs of Jerusalem", Internet History Sourcebooks Project, Fordham University
- ^ "Patriarch Raymond Bequin, O.P." Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 25, 2016
- ^ "Patriarch Pierre de Palude, O.P." Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 25, 2016
- ^ "Patriarch Biaggio Molino". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 28, 2016
- ^ "Patriarch Lorenzo Zanni (Zane)". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 28, 2016
- ^ Albala Pelegrin, Marta. (2017). "Humanism and Spanish Literary Patronage at the Roman Curia: The Role of the Cardinal of Santa Croce, Bernardino López de Carvajal (1456-1523)". Royal Studies Journal. 4. 10.21039/rsj.v4i2.165.
- ^ "Patriarch Cristoforo Spiriti". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 28, 2016
- ^ a b c d e f g h Gauchat, Patritius (Patrice). HIERARCHIA CATHOLICA MEDII ET RECENTIORIS AEVI Vol IV. p. 203. Archived from the original on 2018-10-04. Retrieved 2021-03-20.
- ^ Catholic-hierarchy.org: "Patriarch Fabio Biondi (Blondus de Montealto)" retrieved February 14, 2016
- ^ "Patriarch Alfonso Manzanedo de Quiñones". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved December 27, 2016
- ^ Patriarch Tegrimus Tegrimi. Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ Patriarch Aegidius Ursinus de Vivere. Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved December 25, 2016
- ^ a b c d e f g Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1913). HIERARCHIA CATHOLICA MEDII ET RECENTIORIS AEVI Vol V. Monasterii Sumptibus et typis librariae Regensbergianae. p. 220.
- ^ Patriarch Muzio Gaeta (Sr.). Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved December 17, 2016
- ^ "Mgr Filippo Camassei – Patriarch from 1906 to 1919", Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem
- ^ Crux Catholic Media: "Pope's potential masterstroke takes charge in the Holy Land" by John L. Allen Jr. September 22, 2016
Sources and external links
- Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem website
- Saint James Vicariate for Hebrew Speaking Catholics
- Listing Latin Patriarchs of Jerusalem at GCatholic.org
- Patriarchate of Jerusalem {Gerusalemme} at the Catholic Hierarchy website
- Homily of John Paul II in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre
| Patriarchates (by order of precedence) |
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(476–1517)
- Patriarchate of Aquileia (568–1751)
- Patriarchate of Grado (725–1451)
- Patriarchate of Bulgaria (since 919)
- Patriarchate of Georgia (since 1010)
- Serbian Orthodox Patriarchate of Peć (since 1346)
- Patriarchate of Venice (since 1451)
(1517–1789)
- Patriarchate of the West Indies (since 1524)
- Latin Patriarchate of Ethiopia (1555–1663)
- Patriarchate of the East Indies (since 1572)
- Patriarchate of Moscow (since 1589)
- Patriarchate of Lisbon (since 1716)
(since 1789)
- Patriarchate of Romania (since 1925)
- Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarchate of Ethiopia (since 1959)
- Patriarchate of Kyiv (1992–2018; since 2019)
- Eritrean Orthodox Patriarchate of Eritrea (since 1994)
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