Latvians

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the ethnic group called Latvians or Letts. For the inhabitants of Latvia, see Demographics of Latvia.
Latvians
latvieši
Total population
c. 1.7 million[1]
Regions with significant populations
 Latvia 1,187,891 (2021)[2][3]
Other significant population centers:
 United Kingdom124,000 (2020)[4][5][6]
 United States85,723(2019)[7]
 Germany53,000(2021)[8]
 Canada30,725 (2016)[9]
 Brazil25,000 (2002)[10][11][12]
 Australia23,233 (2021)[13]
 Ireland19,933 (2016)[14]
 Russia18,979 (2010)
 Norway11,723 (2019)[15]
 Sweden10,323 (2022)[16]
Other countries
(fewer than 10,000)
 Ukraine5,079 (2001)[17]
 Luxembourg4,000
 Denmark3,799 (2012)[18]
 Spain3,711 (2011)[19]
 Estonia3,329 (2020)[20]
 Finland3,232 (2020)[21]
 Italy2,689 (2014)[22]
 France2,602 (2016)[23][24]
 Lithuania2,300 (2012)[25]
 Belarus1,549 (2009)
 Portugal1,502 [26]
 Netherlands1,400 (2002)[27]
 Kazakhstan1,123 (2009)[28]
  Switzerland736 (2006)[29]
 Belgium679 (2008)[30]
 Iceland654 (2013)[31]
 Venezuela300[32]
 Poland293 (2011)[33]
 Czech Republic193 (2011)[34]
 Austria152 (2002)[35]
 Uzbekistan1,800[36]
 Greece69 (2006)[37]
 Kyrgyzstan82 (2009)[38]
 Croatia14 (2011)[39]
 Israel4,000[40]
 Chile3,000
Languages
Latvian Orthodox minorities
Related ethnic groups
Other Balts

Latvians (

culture, history
and ancestry.

History

A

Livs settled among the northern coast of modern day Latvia. The Germanic
settlers derived their name for the natives from the term Liv. They referred to all the natives as "Letts" and the nation as "Lettland", naming their colony Livonia or Livland.

The Latin form,

Indo-European family
.

Genetics

Paternal haplogroups

Finno-Ugric, Baltic and Eastern-Slavic
peoples. Latvians and Lithuanians have a predominance of the L550 branch of N1a1-Tat.

N1c1a was present in 41.5%, R1a1a-M558 in 35.2% and I1 (M253) in 6.3% of the samples analyzed.[45] In lower levels, 2.5% of I2b (M223) and 0.6% I2a (P37.2) was found as well.

Culture

Influences

Danzig
.

Latvians share a common language and have a unique culture with traditions, holidays, customs and arts. The culture and religious traditions have been somewhat influenced by

Christianize the population failed, and the Teutonic Order eventually redeployed southward, to the region of what was once known as East Prussia.[citation needed
]

South-Eastern Latvia (Latgale), due to having a relatively large ethnic Russian population, has maintained a large Russian influence.

Religion

Roman Catholic church in Latvia
.

neopagan movement which claims to be a modern revival of the ethnic religion of the Latvians before Christianization in the 13th century.[46][50]

Most of the Christian Latvians belong to the

Roman Catholic Church is predominant, a small minority of Latvians belong to the Latvian Orthodox Church and other religious congregations.[41] In the late 18th century, a small but vibrant Herrnhutist
movement played a significant part in the development of Latvian literary culture before it was absorbed into the mainstream Lutheran denomination.

Language

Latvians' ancestral language, Latvian, has been recorded since at least the 16th century.[51] It developed into a distinct language by the 9th century. It is part of a distinct linguistic branch of Indo-European languages: the Baltic languages.

Another notable language of Latvia is the nearly extinct Livonian language, a member of the Baltic-Finnic sub-branch of the Uralic language family, which enjoys protection by law. The Latgalian language (a dialect of Latvian) is also protected by Latvian law as a historical variation of the Latvian language.[citation needed]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to People of Latvia.

References

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  2. ^ "Population by ethnicity in regions, cities, 21 development centres and municipalities at the beginning of the year by Ethnicity, Territorial unit, Indicator and Time period". Oficiālās statistikas portāls. Retrieved 2021-04-23.
  3. ^ "ISG08. Latviešu skaits Latvijā un Rīgā gada sākumā". Data.csb.gov.lv. Retrieved 2017-08-02.[permanent dead link]
  4. ^ "Population of the UK by country of birth and nationality - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 2021-04-23.
  5. ^ Population by country of birth and nationality, Annual Population Survey, Office of National Statistics, 2014] Archived August 28, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ BNS (13 June 2011). "TVNET :: Ārvalstīs - Lielbritānijā pašlaik dzīvo 39 tūkstoši viesstrādnieku no Latvijas". Tvnet.lv. Retrieved 2011-12-03.
  7. ^ https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=PEOPLE%20REPORTING%20ANCESTRY&t=Ancestry&d=ACS%201-. Retrieved 2023-11-15. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. ^ "Bevölkerung in Privathaushalten nach Migrationshintergrund im weiteren Sinn nach ausgewählten Geburtsstaaten".
  9. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2017-10-25). "Ethnic Origin (279), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age (12) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2021-06-25.
  10. ^ "Um atalho para a Europa". Epoca. Editora Globo S.A. 24 June 2002. Archived from the original on 21 August 2012.
  11. ^ "Brazilian Embassy in Stockholm". Brazilianembassy.se. Archived from the original on 4 January 2007. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  12. ^ "A Millenarian Migration: Varpa". Lituanus.org. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  13. ^ ABS. "ABS Statistics". Stat.data.abs.gov.au. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
  14. ^ "All non-Irish nationals in Ireland - CSO - Central Statistics Office". www.cso.ie. Retrieved 2021-06-25.
  15. ^ "Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, by country background. 1 January 2019". Statistics Norway (in Norwegian).
  16. ^ "Population statistics - Foreign-born by Country of birth, sex and year of immigration 31 December 2022". Statistiska Centralbyrån. Retrieved 2023-11-15.
  17. ^ "State statistics committee of Ukraine - National composition of population, 2001 census". 2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua (in Ukrainian). p. 3. Retrieved 2017-08-02.
  18. ^ "StatBank Denmark". Statbank.dk. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  19. ^ "Población extranjera por sexo, edad (grupos quinquenales) y país de nacionalidad". Ine.es. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  20. ^ "Population by ethnic nationality". Statistics Estonia. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  21. ^ "Befolkning 31.12. Efter Område, Bakgrundsland, Kön, År och Uppgifter".
  22. ^ "Statistiche demografiche ISTAT". Demo.istat.it. Retrieved 2015-06-28.
  23. ^ "Présentation de la Lettonie".
  24. ^ [1] Archived December 21, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  25. ^ "Gyventojų skaičius metų pradžioje. Požymiai: tautybė - Rodiklių duomenų bazėje". Db1.stat.gov.lt. Archived from the original on 2012-09-06. Retrieved 2011-12-03.
  26. ^ "OCMA: majority of Latvian immigrants live in Britain, Ireland and Germany". 25 September 2018.
  27. ^ "Demografie van de allochtonen in Nederland" (PDF). Cbs.nl. Retrieved 2017-08-02.
  28. ^ Ethnic composition, religion and language skills in the Republic of Kazakhstan Archived 2011-07-23 at the Wayback Machine
  29. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2015-03-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  30. ^ "Bevolking per nationaliteit, geslacht, leeftijdsgroepen op 1/1/2008" (in Dutch). Statbel.fgov.be. Archived from the original on 2011-11-20. Retrieved 2011-12-03.
  31. ^ "Frontpage - Hagstofa". Hagstofa. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  32. ^ "Latvijas Republikas un Venecuēlas Bolivāra Republikas divpusējās attiecības". Mfa.gov.lv. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  33. ^ "Ludnosc Stan i struktura demograficzno-spoteczna" (PDF). Stat.gov.pl. Retrieved 2017-08-02.
  34. ^ [2] Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine
  35. ^ [3] [dead link]
  36. ^ "Latvian | Joshua Project".
  37. ^ "Error" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-07-22. Retrieved 2014-11-13.
  38. ^ Population and Housing Census 2009. Chapter 3.1. Resident population by nationality (PDF) (in Russian), Bishkek: National Committee on Statistics, 2010, retrieved 2021-12-14
  39. ^ "1. POPULATION BY ETHNICITY – DETAILED CLASSIFICATION, 2011 CENSUS". Croatian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 2017-05-12.
  40. ^ "Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country of Origin and Destination". 10 February 2014.
  41. ^ a b "Tieslietu ministrijā iesniegtie reliģisko organizāciju pārskati par darbību 2011. gadā" (in Latvian). Archived from the original on 2012-11-26. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
  42. ^ "Lett - definition of Lett in English - Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford Dictionaries - English. Archived from the original on July 16, 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  43. ^ "Definition of LETT". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  44. S2CID 26562505. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on 2009-02-25. Retrieved 2010-05-20. Kasperaviciute et al. 2004 (link broken)
  45. S2CID 13050610
    .
  46. ^ a b Žemaitis, Augustinas. "Dievturība (neo-paganism)". OnLatvia.com. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  47. ^ "Latvian mythology". Skyforger.lv. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  48. Encyclopedia Britannica
    . Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  49. ^ Ruduša, Daina. "Time to Get in Touch With Our Pagan Roots". Latvia.eu. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  50. doi:10.3390/rel10030195
    .
  51. ^ Vīksniņš, Nicholas (1973). "The Early History of Latvian Books". Lituanus. 19 (3). Retrieved 3 September 2019.

External links

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